Bo Östen Undén (25 August 1886 – 14 January 1974) was a Swedish academic (J.D.), civil servant and Social Democratic politician who served as acting Prime Minister of Sweden 6–11 October 1946, following the death of Per Albin Hansson (1885-1946).[1][2]
Östen Undén | |
|---|---|
 Östen Undén | |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 31 July 1945 – 19 September 1962 | |
| Prime Minister | Per Albin Hansson Tage Erlander |
| Preceded by | Christian Günther |
| Succeeded by | Torsten Nilsson |
| In office 18 October 1924 – 7 June 1926 | |
| Prime Minister | Hjalmar Branting Rickard Sandler |
| Preceded by | Erik Marks von Würtemberg |
| Succeeded by | Eliel Löfgren |
| Minister of Justice | |
| In office 10 March 1920 – 30 June 1920 | |
| Prime Minister | Hjalmar Branting |
| Preceded by | Eliel Löfgren |
| Succeeded by | Assar Åkerman |
| Prime Minister of Sweden Acting | |
| In office 6 October 1946 – 11 October 1946 | |
| Monarch | Gustaf V |
| Preceded by | Per Albin Hansson |
| Succeeded by | Tage Erlander |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 25 August 1886 Karlstad, Sweden |
| Died | 14 January 1974 (aged 87) Bromma, Sweden |
| Political party | Social Democrats |
Biography
editIn 1917, he was appointed professor and head of the department of civil law at Uppsala University, but he came to divide his career between politics and academia, which prompted his resignation from the position as rector magnificus (1929–1932) of that university. He served as the foreign ministry's expert on international law, as Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden 1924–1926 and 1945–1962,[3] minister without portfolio 1917–1920 and 1932–1936, the government's chancellor for universities 1937–1951, and he chaired the parliament's committee on foreign relations during World War II.[4]
In 1930–33, as a League of Nations arbiter, Undén ruled in favour of Bulgaria in a dispute with Greece regarding the ownership of 19 forests in the Dospat region of southwestern Bulgaria. In 1936, the summit of Dikchan (1,966 m (6,450 ft)) in the surrounding Rhodope Mountains was named Unden Peak or Professor Unden Peak after the Swedish arbiter. A bronze memorial plate featuring the Bulgarian and Swedish coats of arms and an inscription regarding the name's origin were placed on top of the peak.[5]
Östen Undén was much respected, particularly within the Social Democratic Party, but was never uncontroversial. He belonged, together with Ernst Wigforss (1881–1977) clearly to the left-wing faction of the Social Democrats, and has in retrospect been criticised for a much too rosy view of the Soviet Union that remained for all of his time as Foreign Minister, ending in 1962.[6]
At the same time, Undén must be acknowledged as a chief representative for Sweden's covert Cold War adaptation to the United States, as in his view Swedish governmental agencies, including the Defence Forces, were free to conclude any agreements with foreign powers and agencies that did not literally contradict international treaties Sweden was a party of as long as he and his ministry were not formally involved. As an effect, the Swedish government could even, before the founding of NATO, agree to build air bases in eastern Scandinavia suitable for bombing missions against Leningrad. A similar adaptation included integration in the US embargo policy from the Korean War.[7]
In 1961, his "Undén Proposal" argued that states without nuclear weapons should declare that they refused to produce such weapons and refuse to receive and store such weapons. Undén's proposal was accepted by the United Nations General Assembly as a UN resolution with 58 votes in favour (Scandinavia, Warsaw pact, third world countries), 10 votes against (NATO members) and 23 votes of abstention (Latin America, former French colonies in Africa).[8]
References
edit- ^ "Östen Undén (6 Oct 1946 – 11 Oct 1946)" (in Swedish). World Statesmen. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
- ^ "Per Albin Hansson". NE Nationalencyklopedin. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
- ^ E. Luther Johnson (1966). Freedom from alliances: Contemporary Swedish views towards international relations (PhD thesis). The American University. p. 17.
- ^ "Östen Undén". NE Nationalencyklopedin AB. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
- ^ "Шведският професор, който спаси част от Родопите, а български връх носи името му". Dnes.dir.bg. 28 November 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ "Ernst Wigforss". NE Nationalencyklopedin AB. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
- ^ "Östen Undén (1886-1974)". nationalmuseum. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
- ^ Katarina Brodin. "The Undén Proposal". Cooperation and Conflict. Volume 1, Number 4 pp. 18-29. Retrieved 1 April 2020.