Fibrinogen beta chain

Fibrinogen beta chain, also known as FGB, is a gene found in humans and most other vertebrates with a similar system of blood coagulation.

FGB
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1FZA, 1FZB, 1FZC, 1FZE, 1FZF, 1FZG, 1LT9, 1LTJ, 1N86, 1N8E, 1RE3, 1RE4, 1RF0, 1RF1, 2A45, 2FFD, 2H43, 2HLO, 2HOD, 2HPC, 2OYH, 2OYI, 2Q9I, 2XNX, 2XNY, 2Z4E, 3BVH, 3E1I, 3GHG, 3H32, 3HUS
Identifiers
Aliases	FGB, HEL-S-78p, fibrinogen beta chain
External IDs	OMIM: 134830; MGI: 99501; HomoloGene: 3772; GeneCards: FGB; OMA:FGB - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human) Band 4q31.3 Start 154,562,956 bp End 154,571,086 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse) Band 3 E3|3 36.98 cM Start 82,947,448 bp End 82,957,170 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right lobe of liver beta cell gonad human kidney kidney tubule testicle metanephric glomerulus epithelium of colon decidua body of stomach Top expressed in left lobe of liver human fetus yolk sac fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell gallbladder abdominal wall sexually immature organism primitive streak embryo semi-lunar valve More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein-macromolecule adaptor activity chaperone binding structural molecule activity protein binding signaling receptor binding cell adhesion molecule binding extracellular matrix structural constituent Cellular component cytoplasm platelet alpha granule extracellular vesicle blood microparticle plasma membrane fibrinogen complex extracellular region cell surface cell cortex extracellular exosome platelet alpha granule lumen external side of plasma membrane extracellular space endoplasmic reticulum synapse collagen-containing extracellular matrix Biological process hemostasis negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion protein polymerization positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion adaptive immune response fibrinolysis immune system process platelet degranulation blood coagulation extracellular matrix organization cellular response to leptin stimulus response to calcium ion positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors positive regulation of vasoconstriction cellular response to interleukin-1 positive regulation of protein secretion positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade positive regulation of exocytosis blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation plasminogen activation innate immune response cell-matrix adhesion platelet aggregation signal transduction induction of bacterial agglutination platelet activation toll-like receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2244 110135 Ensembl ENSG00000171564 ENSMUSG00000033831 UniProt P02675 Q8K0E8 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001184741 NM_005141 NM_181849 RefSeq (protein) NP_001171670 NP_005132 NP_001369688 NP_001369689 NP_001369690 NP_001369691 NP_001369692 NP_001369693 NP_001369694 NP_862897 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 154.56 – 154.57 Mb Chr 3: 82.95 – 82.96 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene is the beta component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein composed of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including afibrinogenemia, dysfibrinogenemia, hypodysfibrinogenemia and thrombotic tendency.

Interactions

Fibrinogen beta chain has been shown to interact with Lipoprotein(a).

See also

• Fibrin
• Fibrinogen alpha chain
• Fibrinogen gamma chain

Further reading

• Doolittle RF (1984). "Fibrinogen and fibrin". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 53: 195–229. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.53.070184.001211. PMID 6383194.
• Vasse M, Paysant J, Soria J, et al. (1997). "Regulation of fibrinogen biosynthesis by cytokines, consequences on the vascular risk". Haemostasis. 26 Suppl 4 (4): 331–9. doi:10.1159/000217313. PMID 8979138.
• Herrick S, Blanc-Brude O, Gray A, Laurent G (1999). "Fibrinogen". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 31 (7): 741–6. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(99)00032-1. PMID 10467729.
• Redman CM, Xia H (2001). "Fibrinogen biosynthesis. Assembly, intracellular degradation, and association with lipid synthesis and secretion". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 936 (1): 480–95. Bibcode:2001NYASA.936..480R. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03535.x. PMID 11460506. S2CID 31741202.
• Brennan SO, Fellowes AP, George PM (2001). "Molecular mechanisms of hypo- and afibrinogenemia". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 936 (1): 91–100. Bibcode:2001NYASA.936...91B. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03496.x. PMID 11460528. S2CID 30410074.
• Everse SJ (2003). "New insights into fibrin (ogen) structure and function". Vox Sang. 83 (Suppl 1): 375–82. doi:10.1111/j.1423-0410.2002.tb05338.x. PMID 12617173. S2CID 21813767.
• Scott EM, Ariëns RA, Grant PJ (2005). "Genetic and environmental determinants of fibrin structure and function: relevance to clinical disease". Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24 (9): 1558–66. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000136649.83297.bf. PMID 15217804. S2CID 21298700.
• Lord ST (2007). "Fibrinogen and fibrin: scaffold proteins in hemostasis". Curr. Opin. Hematol. 14 (3): 236–41. doi:10.1097/MOH.0b013e3280dce58c. PMID 17414213. S2CID 31315177.
• Chen XC, Xu MT, Zhou W, et al. (2007). "A meta-analysis of relationship between beta-fibrinogen gene -148C/T polymorphism and susceptibility to cerebral infarction in Han Chinese". Chin. Med. J. 120 (13): 1198–202. doi:10.1097/00029330-200707010-00017. PMID 17637253. S2CID 41548216.
• Tarakhovskiĭ IuS, Galushchenko IV, Boroviagin VL, et al. (1979). "[Temperature-dependent changes in the profile of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane hydrophobic zones]". Biokhimiia. 44 (5): 897–902. PMID 156564.
• Watt KW, Takagi T, Doolittle RF (1979). "Amino acid sequence of the beta chain of human fibrinogen". Biochemistry. 18 (1): 68–76. doi:10.1021/bi00568a011. PMID 420779.
• Gårdlund B, Hessel B, Marguerie G, et al. (1977). "Primary structure of human fibrinogen. Characterization of disulfide-containing cyanogen-bromide fragments". Eur. J. Biochem. 77 (3): 595–610. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11704.x. PMID 891553.
• Blombäck B, Hessel B, Hogg D (1976). "Disulfide bridges in nh2 -terminal part of human fibrinogen". Thromb. Res. 8 (5): 639–58. doi:10.1016/0049-3848(76)90245-0. PMID 936108.
• Koopman J, Haverkate F, Grimbergen J, et al. (1992). "Abnormal fibrinogens IJmuiden (B beta Arg14----Cys) and Nijmegen (B beta Arg44----Cys) form disulfide-linked fibrinogen-albumin complexes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (8): 3478–82. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.3478K. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.8.3478. PMC 48891. PMID 1565641.
• Koopman J, Haverkate F, Lord ST, et al. (1992). "Molecular basis of fibrinogen Naples associated with defective thrombin binding and thrombophilia. Homozygous substitution of B beta 68 Ala----Thr". J. Clin. Invest. 90 (1): 238–44. doi:10.1172/JCI115841. PMC 443086. PMID 1634610.
• Wu C, Chung AE (1991). "Potential role of entactin in hemostasis. Specific interaction of entactin with fibrinogen A alpha and B beta chains". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (28): 18802–7. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)55134-6. PMID 1680863.
• Yoshida N, Wada H, Morita K, et al. (1991). "A new congenital abnormal fibrinogen Ise characterized by the replacement of B beta glycine-15 by cysteine". Blood. 77 (9): 1958–63. doi:10.1182/blood.V77.9.1958.1958. PMID 2018836.
• Chung DW, Harris JE, Davie EW (1991). "Nucleotide Sequences of the Three Genes Coding for Human Fibrinogen". Fibrinogen, Thrombosis, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 281. pp. 39–48. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3806-6_3. ISBN 978-1-4613-6697-3. PMID 2102623.
• Danishefsky K, Hartwig R, Banerjee D, Redman C (1990). "Intracellular fate of fibrinogen B beta chain expressed in COS cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1048 (2–3): 202–8. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(90)90057-9. PMID 2322576.
• Berg K, Kierulf P (1989). "DNA polymorphisms at fibrinogen loci and plasma fibrinogen concentration". Clin. Genet. 36 (4): 229–35. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1989.tb03195.x. PMID 2572363. S2CID 35604138.