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Hachijō (八丈町, Hachijō-machi) is a town located in Hachijō Subprefecture, Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 1 December 2022[update], the town had an estimated population of 7,056, and a population density of 97.7 persons per km2. Its total area is 72.24 square kilometres (27.89 sq mi). Electric power for the town is provided by a geothermal power station and a wind farm.
Hachijō
八丈町 | |
|---|---|
 Hachijōjima as viewed from Noboryu peak | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Hachijō in Tokyo Metropolis | |
  Hachijō | |
| Coordinates: 33°06′34.2″N 139°47′27.2″E / 33.109500°N 139.790889°E | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kantō |
| Prefecture | Tokyo Metropolis |
| First official recorded | 1156 AD |
| Town settled | April 1, 1955 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Tomonari Yamashita (from November 2011) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 72.24 km2 (27.89 sq mi) |
| Population (December 2022) | |
| • Total | 7,056 |
| • Density | 97.7/km2 (253/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 04996-2-1121 |
| Address | 2551-2, Ōkagō, Hachijō-machi, Tōkyō-to 100-1498 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | www |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Izu thrush |
| Fish | Flying fish |
| Flower | Strelitzia |
| Tree | Pygmy date palm |
Geography
editHachijō covers the islands of Hachijō-jima and Hachijō-kojima, two of the islands in the Izu archipelago in the Philippine Sea, 228 kilometres (142 mi) south of central Tokyo. Warmed by the Kuroshio Current, the town has a warmer and wetter climate than central Tokyo. All of the town's residents live on the island of Hachijō-jima, as the last of Hachijō-kojima residents left in 1969, citing lack of basic public services on that island.
Neighboring municipalities
edit- Tokyo Metropolis
Climate
edit| Climate data for Hachijō-jima (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1906−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.5 (70.7) |
21.9 (71.4) |
22.7 (72.9) |
26.3 (79.3) |
27.4 (81.3) |
30.4 (86.7) |
34.2 (93.6) |
34.8 (94.6) |
33.2 (91.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
26.3 (79.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
34.8 (94.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.9 (55.2) |
13.5 (56.3) |
15.8 (60.4) |
18.9 (66.0) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
27.7 (81.9) |
29.6 (85.3) |
27.6 (81.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
20.0 (68.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
20.9 (69.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.1 (50.2) |
10.4 (50.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
15.8 (60.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.2 (77.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
24.5 (76.1) |
21.0 (69.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
12.7 (54.9) |
18.0 (64.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
9.3 (48.7) |
12.9 (55.2) |
16.2 (61.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
24.3 (75.7) |
22.3 (72.1) |
18.7 (65.7) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
15.5 (59.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −1.8 (28.8) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
0.0 (32.0) |
4.5 (40.1) |
8.3 (46.9) |
11.5 (52.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
16.7 (62.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
10.4 (50.7) |
5.9 (42.6) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 201.7 (7.94) |
205.5 (8.09) |
296.5 (11.67) |
215.2 (8.47) |
256.7 (10.11) |
390.3 (15.37) |
254.1 (10.00) |
169.5 (6.67) |
360.5 (14.19) |
479.1 (18.86) |
277.4 (10.92) |
200.2 (7.88) |
3,306.7 (130.17) |
| Average rainy days | 14.1 | 13.7 | 16.3 | 12.9 | 12.7 | 15.3 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 15.0 | 16.5 | 14.0 | 14.3 | 166.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 68 | 69 | 71 | 77 | 84 | 91 | 92 | 87 | 86 | 82 | 74 | 69 | 79 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 84.9 | 87.8 | 124.5 | 139.4 | 148.5 | 87.1 | 137.3 | 185.9 | 139.6 | 107.1 | 102.6 | 100.4 | 1,445.1 |
| Source 1: JMA[1] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: JMA[2] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
editThe population of Hachijō as of 2020[update] was 7,042, down from 7,613 in 2015.[3][4]
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comparison of Population Distribution between Hachijō-jima and Japanese National Average | Population Distribution by Age and Sex in Hachijō-jima | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
■Hachijō-jima
■Japan (average) |
■Male
■Female | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2015 Census, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications - Statistics Department | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
History
editDuring the Edo period, Hachijōjima was known as a place of exile for convicts. This practice ended in the Meiji period, and the island residents developed an economy based on fishing, sericulture, and agriculture. Hachijō Subprefecture was organized on April 1, 1908, and included the villages of Mitsune, Nakanogo, Kashitate, Sueyoshi and Ōkago. The villages of Toruchi and Utsuki on Hachijōkojima were organized on May 3, 1947. The five villages of Hachijōjima merged on October 1, 1954, to form the village of Hachijō. On April 1, 1955, the two villages of Hachijōkojima also merged with the village of Hachijō, which was promoted to town status. However, in March 1966, the residents of Hachijōkojima voted to abandon their island, citing the inaccessibility of basic public services and economic difficulties, and Hachijōkojima became a deserted island from June 1969.
Economy
editFishing and tourism are the mainstays of the economy of Hachijō.
Education
editThe town government operates three public elementary and three public junior high schools.[5]
Junior high schools:
Elementary schools:
- Mihara Elementary School (三原小学校)
- Mitsune Elementary School (三根小学校)
- Okago Elementary School (大賀郷小学校)
The Tōkyō Metropolitan Government Board of Education operates Hachijō High School.[6]
Transportation
editHachijōjima is accessible both by aircraft and by ferry. A pedestrian ferry leaves Tōkyō once every day at 10 p.m., and arrives at Hachijōjima at 9:00 a.m. the following day. Air travel to Hachijojima Airport takes 45 minutes from Tōkyō International Airport (Haneda).
Sister cities
edit
Maui County, Hawaii, United States
Gallery
edit-
Hachijōjima (right) and Hachijōkojima (left) -
Typical stone walls -
Sokodo Harbor
See also
edit
- Runin: Banished, a 2004 film about convicts exiled to Hachijōjima, and their attempts to escape.
- Battle Royale, a controversial 2000 film filmed on the neighbouring, uninhabited island, Hachijō-kojima, although not set there.
References
edit- ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved February 17, 2022.
- ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved February 17, 2022.
- ^ Hachijō population statistics
- ^ 人口 八丈町 (PDF) (in Japanese). Hachijō. March 1, 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 13, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
- ^ "教育課からのお知らせ" (in Japanese). Hachijo. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ^ 東京都立八丈高等学校 [Tokyo Tōritsu Hachijō High School] (in Japanese). 東京都教育委員会 (Tokyo Metropolitan Board of Education). Archived from the original on March 9, 2018. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
External links
edit- Hachijō Town Official Website (in Japanese)
- The Anchor Pub in Hachijō Town