(R)-1-Aminoindan ((R)-1-AI; developmental code name TVP-136 or TV-136), or (R)-1-aminoindane, is the major metabolite of the selective MAO-B inhibitor and antiparkinsonian agent rasagiline ((R)-N-propargyl-1-aminoindan).[1] In contrast to rasagiline, it lacks significant monoamine oxidase inhibition.[2][3] In addition, unlike selegiline and its amphetamine metabolites, it lacks monoamine reuptake-inhibiting and -releasing activities and associated amphetamine-like psychostimulant effects.[2][3][4] However, (R)-1-aminoindan retains neuroprotective effects and certain other activities.[2][3][4][5][6]
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| Other names | (R)-1-Aminoindane; (R)-(–)-1-Aminoindan; (R)-AI; (R)-1-AI; TVP-136; TV-136; (R)-(−)-1-Indanamine |
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| Formula | C9H11N |
| Molar mass | 133.194 g·mol−1 |
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Pharmacology
editPharmacodynamics
editIn contrast to rasagiline, (R)-1-aminoindan is either devoid of monoamine oxidase inhibition or shows only weak inhibition of MAO-B.[2][3] Unlike selegiline and its levomethamphetamine and levoamphetamine metabolites, rasagiline and (R)-1-aminoindan have no amphetamine-like activity.[2][3][4]
In spite of the preceding however, (R)-1-aminoindan is not lacking in pharmacological activity.[2][3] Like rasagiline, it shows neuroprotective activity in some experimental models.[2][3] In addition, (R)-1-aminoindan has been found to enhance striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission and to improve motor function independent of MAO inhibition in animal models of Parkinson's disease.[3]
2-Aminoindan, a closely related positional isomer of 1-aminoindan, is known to inhibit the reuptake and induce the release of dopamine and norepinephrine and to produce psychostimulant-like effects in rodents, albeit with lower potency than amphetamine.[1][5] However, rasagiline does not metabolize into this compound, and 1-aminoindan does not have the same effects.[1][5] 1-Aminoindan has been found to inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine 28-fold less potently than 2-aminoindan and to inhibit the reuptake of dopamine 300-fold less potently than 2-aminoindan, with IC50 values for dopamine reuptake inhibition in one study of 0.4 μM for amphetamine, 3.3 μM for 2-aminoindan, and 1 mM for 1-aminoindan.[5][6][7] In contrast to 2-aminoindan, which increased locomotor activity in rodents (+49%), 1-aminoindan suppressed locomotor activity (–69%).[5] On the other hand however, 1-aminoindan has been found to enhance the psychostimulant-like effects of amphetamine in rodents.[6]
Chemistry
edit(R)-1-Aminoindan is a 1-aminoindan derivative.[1] It is specifically the (R)-enantiomer of 1-aminoindan, which is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-enantiomers.[8] 1-Aminoindan is structurally related to 2-aminoindan.[1] A number of derivatives of 1- and 2-aminoindan are known.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Pinterova N, Horsley RR, Palenicek T (2017). "Synthetic Aminoindanes: A Summary of Existing Knowledge". Frontiers in Psychiatry. 8: 236. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00236. PMC 5698283. PMID 29204127.
2-AI selectively inhibited just NET, and for SERT and DAT it has low potency. Apart from inhibitory actions on transporter molecules, aminoindanes have been shown to cause transporter-mediated release (reverse transport) of monoamines: MDAI released 5-HT and NE, 5-IAI released 5-HT and DA, and 2-AI released NE and DA (33).
- ^ a b c d e f g Chen JJ, Swope DM (August 2005). "Clinical pharmacology of rasagiline: a novel, second-generation propargylamine for the treatment of Parkinson disease". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 45 (8): 878–894. doi:10.1177/0091270005277935. PMID 16027398. S2CID 24350277. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Müller T (October 2014). "Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of rasagiline mesylate for Parkinson's disease". Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology. 10 (10): 1423–1432. doi:10.1517/17425255.2014.943182. PMID 25196265.
- ^ a b c Schapira A, Bate G, Kirkpatrick P (August 2005). "Rasagiline". Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery. 4 (8): 625–626. doi:10.1038/nrd1803. PMID 16106586.
- ^ a b c d e Brandt SD, Braithwaite RA, Evans-Brown M, Kicman AT (2013). "Aminoindane Analogues". Novel Psychoactive Substances. Elsevier. pp. 261–283. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415816-0.00011-0. ISBN 978-0-12-415816-0.
- ^ a b c Speiser Z, Levy R, Cohen S (1998). "Effects of N-propargyl-1-(R)aminoindan (Rasagiline) in models of motor and cognition disorders". MAO — the Mother of all Amine Oxidases. Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplement. Vol. 52. pp. 287–300. doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6499-0_29. ISBN 978-3-211-83037-6. PMID 9564629.
- ^ Horn AS, Snyder SH (March 1972). "Steric requirements for catecholamine uptake by rat brain synaptosomes: studies with rigid analogs of amphetamine". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 180 (3): 523–530. PMID 5012779.
- ^ "1-Aminoindan". PubChem. Retrieved 1 September 2024.