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132nd Wing

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The 132nd Wing, sometimes written 132d Wing, (132 WG) is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the Iowa Air National Guard and located at Des Moines Air National Guard Base, Iowa. The 132nd's World War II predecessor unit, the 365th Fighter Group was a IX Fighter Command unit, serving in the European Theater of Operations. The 365th, known as the "Hell Hawks", was one of the most successful P-47 Thunderbolt fighter groups of the Ninth Air Force when it came to air combat. The 365th was awarded two Distinguished Unit Citations; Order of the Day, Belgium Army; Belgium Fourragère, and the Belgium Croix de Guerre. The 365th Fighter Group flew its last mission on 8 May 1945. After having operated manned fighter aircraft for all of its prior history, the wing was equipped with the MQ-9 Reaper unmanned aerial vehicle in 2013.

132nd Wing
An MQ-9 Reaper, 2008
Active15 May 1943 – 22 September 1945
24 May 1946 – present
Country United States
Allegiance Iowa
Branch  Air National Guard
TypeWing
RoleAttack / Intelligence
Size900
Part ofIowa Air National Guard
Garrison/HQDes Moines Air National Guard Base, Iowa
Nickname(s)"Hawkeyes"
Tail CodeRed & Yellow (checkerboard) tail stripe "IA"
EngagementsWorld War II
Desert Storm
War on Terror
Websitehttps://www.132dwing.ang.af.mil/
Commanders
Current
commander		Colonel Travis Crawmer
Notable
commanders		Carroll W. McColpin
Insignia
132nd Wing emblem

Units

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The units of the 132nd Wing include:[1]

  • 132nd Operations Group (132 OG)
  • 132nd Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group (132 ISRG)
    • 232nd Intelligence Squadron (232 IS)
    • 233rd Intelligence Squadron (233 IS)
    • 132nd Intelligence Support Squadron (132 ISS)
  • 132nd Mission Support Group (132 MSG)
    • 132nd Communications Flight (132 CF)
    • 132nd Security Forces Squadron (132 SFS)
    • 132nd Force Support Squadron (132 FSS)
    • 132nd Civil Engineer Squadron (132 CES)
    • 132nd Logistics Readiness Squadron (132 LRS)
  • 132nd Medical Group (132 MDG)
  • 132nd Wing, Detachment 1 (132 WG Det 1) - Distributed Training Operations Center

History

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World War II

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Republic P-47D-28-RA Thunderbolt, AAF Ser. No. 42-28932 of the 388th Fighter Squadron.

Constituted as the 365th Fighter Group on 27 April 1943. Activated on 15 May 1943. Trained with P-47's. Moved to RAF Gosfield, England in December 1943. Assigned to Ninth Air Force. It was several weeks before the 365th received a full complement of 75 P-47D Thunderbolts and mid-February 1944 before they were placed on operational status. Their first mission, flown on 22 February, was a bomber support sweep of short duration over enemy-held territory.

Early missions were flown in support of Eighth Air Force B-17 and B-24 bomber operations and on one of these on 2 March, the 365th had its first encounter with enemy fighters in the Bastogne area, resulting in the loss of one Thunderbolt and claims of six of the enemy shot down. Oberstleutnant Egon Mayer, one of the most successful Luftwaffe aces flying in the West with 102 victories, fell in this battle.

On 5 March, with only nine missions to its credit, the group moved south to RAF Beaulieu in Hampshire. The group was stood down three days after arrival so that it could undertake a two-week intensive course in ground attack and fighter-bombing. After training, the 365th flew dive-bombing missions to attack such targets as bridges, aerodromes, rail facilities, gun positions, and V-weapon sites prior to the invasion of the Continent.

On D-Day, its duties were attacking gun emplacements and communications facilities behind the bridgehead. Two P-47s were lost. On the following day when 12 separate squadron-sized missions were flown five aircraft failed to return.

An unusual accident occurred on 9 June when two P-47s being delivered to Beaulieu by ferry pilots landed on different runways at the same time and collided at the runway intersection with one pilot being killed.

The 365th was one of the most successful P-47 groups of the Ninth Air Force when it came to air combat, and a total of 29 enemy aircraft were credited as shot down during the four months the group operated from Beaulieu. On 25 June, the 365th had one of its best days when eight enemy fighter-bombers were destroyed. On 2 July, Lieutenant Colonel Robert L. Coffey, Jr., the Air Executive, became the Ninth Air Force's third Thunderbolt ace. As with other P-47 groups, losses were modest until ground attack became a regular task in June. All told, 24 P-47s were 'missing in action' during their stay at Beaulieu.

The 365th Group began its move to the Continent on 21 June, the first squadron taking up residence at Azeville, France (A-71) on 26 June, the last moving out of Beaulieu on 28 June and the rear party on 2 July providing tactical air support in support of U.S. First Army. On the continent, the group moved rapidly from one airfield to another, eventually winding up near Fritzlar, Germany (Y-86) on VE-Day.

After the end of hostilities, the 365th Fighter Group took part in the disarmament program until June, then returned to the United States in September 1945, being inactivated at Camp Myles Standish, near Taunton, Massachusetts on 22 September 1945.

Iowa Air National Guard

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132nd Fighter Wing formation in the 1940s

The redesignated group was formed with three fighter squadrons, consisting of the 124th Fighter Squadron at Des Moines; the 174th Fighter Squadron at Sioux City, and the 175th Fighter Squadron at Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Engaged in routine training exercises, and was upgraded to F-84B Thunderjet jet aircraft in early 1948.

The War Department authorized the establishment of Air National Guard units in all 48 states, with three units comprising a wing based in Sioux Falls, Sioux City and Des Moines, Iowa. The Air National Guard wing[2] was organized by Colonel Frederick C. Gray, Jr.[3][4][5][6] who was a veteran of the RAF and 8th Air Force during World War II. Colonel Gray, based in Des Moines, Iowa, acted as wing senior instructor for the three Air National Guard units which comprised the wing. Col. Gray's appointment was made by Brigadier General Charles H. Grahl, Iowa Adjutant General, on 26 June 1946.

In 1946, Oscar Randolph Fladmark[7] was appointed to the rank of Captain and the duty of a Flight Commander with the Air National Guard 175th Fighter Squadron[7] based in Sioux Falls. Fladmark's appointment was approved by Colonel E.A. Beckwith, South Dakota Adjutant General in Rapid City, South Dakota on 20 September 1946.

Korean War federalization

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Activated to Federal Service during the Korean War, sent to Dow AFB, Maine. Used by TAC to train replacement pilots in F-51D Mustang ground support operations, also deployed unit members to Japan and Korea to fly combat missions.

In February 1951, Colonel Frederick Gray was reunited with a flying friend Captain Oscar Fladmark when he reactiviated the 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing.[8] Captain Oscar Fladmark was assigned to the 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, which was reactivated by Colonel Frederick Gray.[9] The 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing was a component of the 5th Air Force, Far East Forces. During the Korean War.

The Wing was moved to Alexandria AFB, Louisiana in May 1952 again with F-51s replacing the federalized Oklahoma ANG 137th Fighter-Bomber Wing which was deployed to France. Performed training as a tactical fighter unit until relieved from active service and returned to Iowa ANG jurisdiction in January 1953.

Cold War

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124th TFS Republic F-84F-25-RE Thunderstreak, AF Ser. No. 51-1655, about 1970

During 1952, over one million dollars of federally funded improvements were added to the Des Moines airport. The work included the addition of 1,800 feet to the main runway and 3,480 feet of taxiways to better accommodate the wing receiving jet aircraft upon their return to peacetime service. After returning to Des Moines, the wing was re-equipped with F-80C Shooting Star jet fighter-bombers and returned to normal peacetime training committed to Tactical Air Command. It was later upgraded with newer F-84E Thunderjets in 1955. The wing was transferred to Air Defense Command in July 1958, becoming an all-weather F-86L Sabre Interceptor squadron, its new mission being the air defense of Des Moines and eastern Iowa.

In June 1960, the Lincoln, Nebraska-based 173rd FIS was reassigned to the new Nebraska ANG 155th Fighter-Interceptor Group when the squadron was expanded to a group-level organization. In a similar reassignment, the Sioux City-based 174th FIS was reassigned to the 185th Tactical Fighter Group on 30 September 1962. The F-86Ls of the remaining 124th FIS were replaced with F-89J Scorpion Interceptors, which the squadron flew until the summer of 1969.

 
124th TFS North American F-100F-10-NA Super Sabre, AF Ser. No. 56-3880, 1975

The 132nd was transferred back to TAC in 1969, being re-equipped with second-line F-84F Thunderstreaks, the standard TAC aircraft for its Air National Guard-gained squadrons at the time. The 132nd upgraded to the F-100D Super Sabre aircraft, which were returning from South Vietnam in 1971, and being transferred to the ANG to replace the subsonic F-84's. The wing began receiving new and transferred A-7D Corsair II ground attack aircraft in 1976 when the National Guard Bureau began modernizing the ANG with frontline aircraft after the drawdown of the regular Air Force following the end of the Vietnam War.

With the retirement of the A-7Ds in the late 1980s, the wing was upgraded to Block 42 F-16C Fighting Falcons in 1990. From 1998 to 2004, as part of the Air Expeditionary Force concept, the wing had an unprecedented six overseas contingency deployments to patrol the No-Fly Zone over Iraq in Operations Northern and Southern Watch. Two of the six contingency deployments occurred within a ten-month period, attesting to the unit's professionalism and high state of readiness.

Modern era

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124th TFS Ling-Temco-Vought A-7K Corsair II, AF Ser. No. 81-0077, about 1987

Immediately following the events of 11 September 2001, the 124th Fighter Squadron's F-16s, pilots, and maintenance members were placed on alert, poised to defend Iowans and all Americans against any possible attacks. After 9/11 the unit's F-16's were prepared to launch within minutes in the event of a "scramble" order – 24/7. The unit has also provided continuous Combat Air Patrols during Presidential visits.

The unit was deployed to Al Udeid AB, Qatar in 2005 in support of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. The squadron performed in an exceptional manner, exhibiting an impressive array of capabilities. Outstanding leadership and superb aircraft maintenance skills produced 456 sorties and 3145 flying hours in austere conditions. Total flying hours during this contingency equaled to over three-fourths of a year's normal flying allocation in only 52 days.

The Wing was validated as the "Best of the Best" following its Operation Readiness Inspection in 2004, by Air Combat Command (ACC). Seventy-three percent of 154 rated areas were graded as Outstanding or Excellent. The Excellent rating was received in each of the four major rated areas of Initial Response, Employment, Mission Support, and Ability to Survive and Operate, a precedent that had not been accomplished by a fighter wing in recent inspections. The 132nd Fighter Wing's rating was one of the highest achieved by an Active Duty, Air Force Reserve, or Air National Guard wing in several years. In addition, the Logistics Readiness Squadron received the 2005 Air Reserve Component Base Logistics Activity of the Year Award and the Maintenance Group received the 2005 Air National Guard's Maintenance Effectiveness Award. As a result of its outstanding efforts and commitment to excellence, the Wing was awarded its seventh Air Force Outstanding Unit Award.

Less than a week after Hurricane Katrina, 12 members of the 132nd Medical Group teamed up with 19 members of the Sioux City 185th Air Refueling Wing and headed south to bring aid to those injured or sick because of the storm. The team treated 80 to 100 patients a day with ailments ranging from minor cuts to dehydration and acute skin infections caused by exposure to bacteria-laden sewer water.

The 132nd Fighter Wing received the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award in 2009. It was the eighth time the unit was the recipient of this prestigious award.

Mission Change

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Airmen of the Iowa Air National Guard's 132nd Wing board a C-17 Globemaster III as part of contingency operation in the summer of 2021.

Congressional actions removed the wing's fighters from the base, with the transition beginning in FY 2013.[10] The last regularly scheduled F-16 flights occurred in August 2013, after which the unit's 21 F-16s were transferred to the New Jersey Air National Guard's 177th Fighter Wing at Atlantic City Air National Guard Base.[11]

It was initially suggested to transition the wing to the A-10 Thunderbolt II however in light of the increased need for cyber warfare, intelligence, and RPA capacity by the U.S. Air Force as well as highly technical skills and training that went with this mission the Iowa legislature lobbied successfully for the 132nd to reclassify into the ISR and RPA mission.

The loss of the Falcons created some debate over the base's status as an aeronautical base with a true flying mission, and the airport threatened legal action to begin charging a full market-value lease. This was addressed by the reassignment of UH-60 Blackhawk helicopters from Company C, 2nd Battalion, 147th Aviation, Iowa Army National Guard, from Boone, IA to the base, occupying the hangars that held fixed-wing Air Force fighters for 70 years.[12]

Because of the excellent work during its challenging mission change, the 132d Wing was selected for its 11th Air Force Outstanding Unit Award in August 2016. As it brought all of its new missions to full operating capacity under budget and ahead of schedule, the Wing was awarded its 12th decoration of the award at the end of 2017.

Current Missions

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The wing moved from a manned fighter wing to a multi-mission unit, including the operation of Remotely Piloted Aircraft, an ISR group, and a cyber operations squadron, adding them to the unit's distributed training operations center.

The 132nd Operations Group operates the MQ-9 Reaper, a remotely piloted aircraft. Aircrew based and physically located in Des Moines carry out missions in all corners of the world. These aircrews provide real-time full-motion video and flexible strike capabilities to combatant commanders around the globe.

The 132nd ISR Group provides intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance research and analysis capabilities to enable combatant commanders' planning and operational decision making. Through the use of intelligence information and training, the analysts of this group determine the strengths and weaknesses of an enemy target complex and pass that information off to Weaponeers who determine the best aim point and weapon to achieve the desired target destruction. As part of the 25th Air Force, the 132 ISRG received the Air Force Meritorious Unit Award in late 2017, 2018, and 2020 for participation in targeting operations worldwide.

The 168th Cyberspace Operations Squadron is tasked with analyzing and protecting networks and systems by determining vulnerabilities and implementing solutions.

The Distributed Training Operations Center (DTOC) is the Iowa Air National Guard center for Distributed Mission Operations (located in Des Moines). It operates as a wing detachment. Distributed Mission Operations (DMO) is a component of the Air Force Training Transformation initiative. While the center organizes DMO events primarily for Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve Command pilots, DTOC also facilitates training between Air National Guard fighter pilots and warfighters in the U.S. Army, Air Force Reserve, Navy, and allied forces.[13] The center also has the capability to include non-virtual assets into the simulation, allowing pilots in physical aircraft to participate in the exercises. Such virtual training exercises save the Air Force substantial funds over gathering assets for real-life exercises.

Lineage

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Legacy 365th Fighter Group emblem
Activated on 15 May 1943
Inactivated on 22 September 1945
Extended federal recognition on 23 Aug 1946
Ordered into active service on 1 April 1951
Re-designated 132nd Fighter-Bomber Group 1 June 1951
Relieved from active service and returned, less personnel and equipment, to Iowa ANG, 1 January 1953
Re-designated: 132nd Fighter-Interceptor Group on 1 Jul 1958
Re-designated: 132nd Tactical Fighter Group on 2 Aug 1969
Status changed from Group to Wing, 15 Mar 1992
Re-designated: 132nd Fighter Wing on 15 Mar 1992
Re-designated: 132nd Wing on 7 Mar 2015

Assignments

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Attached to: Philadelphia Fighter Wing, 19 July – 4 December 1943
Attached to: IX Air Service Command, 22 December 1943
Attached to: IX Tactical Air Command, 1 August 1944
Attached to: IX Tactical Air Command, 1 October 1944
Gained by: Tactical Air Command
Gained by: Tactical Air Command
Gained by: Air Defense Command, 1 July 1958
Gained by: Tactical Air Command, 2 August 1969
Gained by: Air Combat Command, 1 June 1992

Components

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World War II

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Iowa Air National Guard

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Stations

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Aircraft

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Commanders

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Name Dates Notable Events
Travis “Lloyd” Crawmer 2021–present
Mark "Mags" Chidley 2018–2021 First Non-Pilot Wing Commander
Shawn "TWS" Ford 2015–2018
Kevin "Hook" Heer 2014–2015
William "Toto" DeHaes 2010–2014 End of Manned Flight Ops
Mark "Eddie" Hammond 2007–2010
Gregory "Koa" Schwab 2002–2007
Douglas "Arrow" Pierce 1999–2002
Joseph "Luken" Lucas 1997–1999
Donald "Stone" Armington 1990–1997 Transition from A-7 to F-16
Gerald "Grubby" Schwartzbaugh 1987–1990
Dudley Smidt 1983–1987
Paul Thompson 1979–1983
Roger Gilbert 1957–1979 Transition from F-100 to A-7
Frank Berlin 1953–1957
Reginald Vance 1952
John Holmes 1949–1952 First Wing-level Commander (as of 1950)
Ellis Eno 1946–1949
Lester Orcutt 1946 Unit released from Federal Service, reallocated to Iowa NG
Edward White 1943–1944 Unit inactivated, called to Federal Service
Albert Snider 1942–1943 Unit Hangars completed (still in use)
John Bradshaw 1942 132nd Fighter Group Commander
Lester Orcutt 1941–1942 First Unit Commander, 124th Observation Sqd

References

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  This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

  1. ^ "Units". www.132dwing.ang.af.mil. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  2. ^ "Air Squadron Here Linked With Iowa's" – Argus Leader, Sioux Falls Newspaper, Front Page, 26 June 1946.
  3. ^ "Brigadier General Frederic C. Gray". United States Air Force. April 1962.
  4. ^ "8th Air Force - VIII Fighter Command, D-Day Order-of-Battle". americandday.org.
  5. ^ "P-51 Mustang 44-63279". American Air Museum in Britain.
  6. ^ "UPL 17763". American Air Museum in Britain.
  7. ^ a b THE ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE – Special Order Number 47, National Guard Regulation 20, 20 September 1946.
  8. ^ "Back In The Saddle" – U.S. Air Force Photo, G-493-10, Headquarters Far East Air Forces, 22 February 1951. - "American Air Museum in Britain".
  9. ^ "Sioux Falls Flying Friends Meet: Col. Gray, Capt. Fladmark Reunited At Base In Korea". – Associated Press, Argus Leader, Sioux Falls Newspaper, March 11, 1951. - "American Air Museum in Britain".
  10. ^ Hanson, Eric (19 December 2012). "Deal would pull F-16s from Des Moines". KCCI. Archived from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  11. ^ Kelley, Matt (22 August 2013). "Iowa's F-16s bound for New Jersey". Radio Iowa. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  12. ^ Petroski, William; Aschbrenner, Joel (8 September 2015). "Guard: Move helicopters to Des Moines". The Des Moines Register. Archived from the original on 24 August 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  13. ^ "Air National Guard Distributed Training Operations Center" (PDF). National Defense Industrial Association. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
  • "132nd Fighter Wing" (PDF). 132nd Fighter Wing. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2012.
  • "124th Fighter Squadron" (PDF). usafunithistory.com. 17 January 2014.
  • Rogers, B. (2006). United States Air Force Unit Designations Since 1978. ISBN 1-85780-197-0
  • Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.
  • Freeman, Roger A. (1994) UK Airfields of the Ninth: Then and Now 1994. After the Battle ISBN 0-900913-80-0
  • Freeman, Roger A. (1996) The Ninth Air Force in Colour: UK and the Continent-World War Two. After the Battle ISBN 1-85409-272-3
  • Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.
  • Johnson, David C. (1988), U.S. Army Air Forces Continental Airfields (ETO), D-Day to V-E Day; Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB, Alabama.
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