103rd Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 103rd Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery (103rd A/T Rgt) was a short-lived unit of the British Army during World War II. Initially raised as an infantry battalion of the South Staffordshire Regiment in 1940, it transferred to the Royal Artillery in late 1942 after serving for two years defending the coast of Norfolk. During 1943 it was broken up to provide independent air-landing batteries for 6th Airborne Division.
| 14th Battalion, South Staffordshire Regiment 103rd Anti-Tank Regiment, RA | |
|---|---|
 Cap badge of the Royal Artillery | |
| Active | 4 July 1940–10 August 1943 |
| Country |  United Kingdom |
| Branch |  British Army |
| Role | Infantry Anti-Tank artillery |
| Size | Battalion Regiment |
| Motto(s) | RA mottoes: Quo Fas Et Gloria Ducunt ("Where Right And Glory Lead"; in Latin fas implies "sacred duty") Ubique (Everywhere) |
14th Battalion, South Staffordshires
editThe unit was originally formed on 4 July 1940 at Lichfield as 14th Battalion, South Staffordshire Regiment.[1] On 30 September it joined 213th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home), which was being organised by No 13 Infantry Training Group as a static defence formation in East Anglia, first under II Corps and then 18th Infantry Division. It was charged with defending the Norfolk coast against invasion. The brigade became part of Norfolk County Division when that formation became operational in II Corps on 24 December 1940. Norfolk County Division was redesignated 76th Infantry Division on 17 November 1941, but it remained a second-line (lower establishment) formation.[2][3]
103rd Anti-Tank Regiment
edit
At the end of 1942 14th South Staffords was selected to be retrained in the anti-tank (A/T) role. It left 213Th Bde on 8 December[2] and on 22 December 1942 it transferred to the Royal Artillery (RA) as 103rd Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery, comprising Regimental Headquarters (RHQ) and 189, 190 and 191 A/T Batteries.[1][4][5] By this stage of the war the standard armament of an A/T unit was the 6-pounder gun, but the 17-pounder had just started to appear.[6]
103rd A/T Regiment was first assigned to the GHQ Reserve, then in February 1943 it was transferred to Western Command, in which it served as an independent regiment with its own Light Aid Detachment of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers.[7][8]
Disbandment
editBetween 1 and 9 July 1943, at Marlborough Barracks, Bulford Camp, 189 and 190 A/T Btys were converted into 3 and 4 Airlanding A/T Btys respectively, while 191 Bty was broken up to make up deficiencies among the other two.[4][9] RHQ was then due to disband on 30 July, and this was actually carried out on 10 August 1943.[1][4][5]
3 and 4 Airlanding A/T Btys joined 6th Airborne Division on 9 July 1943[10] and served with it in the Normandy campaign as independent batteries. A new 2nd Airlanding Anti-Tank Regiment was formed in February 1945 to command these batteries for the Rhine crossing (Operation Varsity).[9][11]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c Frederick, p. 311.
- ^ a b Joslen, pp. 114, 376.
- ^ Collier, Maps 17 & 20.
- ^ a b c Frederick, pp. 914, 928.
- ^ a b Farndale, Annex M.
- ^ Farndale, p. 192.
- ^ Order of Battle of the Field Force in the United Kingdom, Part 3: Royal Artillery (Non-Divisional Units), 22 November 1942, with amendments, The National Archives (TNA), Kew, files WO 212/8 and WO 33/1962.
- ^ Order of Battle of the Field Force in the United Kingdom, Part 3: Royal Artillery (Non-Divisional Units), 18 February 1943, TNA files WO 212/9 and WO 33/1987.
- ^ a b Frederick, p. 930.
- ^ Joslen, pp. 106–7.
- ^ "3 Airlanding A/T Bty at Paradata (Webarchive)". Archived from the original on 2017-04-07. Retrieved 2017-04-07.
References
edit- Collier, Basil (2004). The Defense of the United Kingdom. London: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-055-6. OCLC 499176250.
- Gen Sir Martin Farndale, History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: The Years of Defeat: Europe and North Africa, 1939–1941, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1988/London: Brasseys, 1996, ISBN 1-85753-080-2.
- J.B.M. Frederick, Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978, Vol I, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, ISBN 1-85117-007-3.
- J.B.M. Frederick, Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, ISBN 1-85117-009-X.
- Joslen, H. F. (2003) [1960]. Orders of Battle: Second World War, 1939–1945. Uckfield, East Sussex: Naval and Military Press. ISBN 978-1-84342-474-1.