The 1930 Georgia gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 1930, in order to elect the governor of Georgia.
 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
 County results Russell: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% >90% Carswell: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
.png)
Incumbent Democratic governor Lamartine Griffin Hardman was term-limited, and ineligible to run for a third term.
As was common at the time, the Democratic candidate ran unopposed in the general election so therefore the Democratic primary was the real contest, and winning the primary was considered tantamount to election.
Democratic primary
editThe Democratic primary election was held on September 9, 1930. As no candidate won a majority of county unit votes, a run-off was held between the top two candidates on October 1, 1930.
County unit system
editFrom 1917 until 1962, the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Georgia used a voting system called the county unit system to determine victors in statewide primary elections.[1]
The system was ostensibly designed to function similarly to the Electoral College, but in practice the large ratio of unit votes for small, rural counties to unit votes for more populous urban areas provided outsized political influence to the smaller counties.[2][3]
Under the county unit system, the 159 counties in Georgia were divided by population into three categories. The largest eight counties were classified as "Urban", the next-largest 30 counties were classified as "Town", and the remaining 121 counties were classified as "Rural". Urban counties were given 6 unit votes, Town counties were given 4 unit votes, and Rural counties were given 2 unit votes, for a total of 410 available unit votes. Each county's unit votes were awarded on a winner-take-all basis.[2][3]
Candidates were required to obtain a majority of unit votes (not necessarily a majority of the popular vote), or 206 total unit votes, to win the election. If no candidate received a majority in the initial primary, a runoff election was held between the top two candidates to determine a winner.[4]
Candidates
edit- George H. Carswell, incumbent Secretary of State of Georgia[5][6]
- John N. Holder, former chairman of the State Highway Commission[7]
- James A. Perry, chairman of the Georgia Public Service Commission[5]
- Eurith D. Rivers, former state senator and unsuccessful candidate for Democratic nomination in the 1928 Georgia gubernatorial election
- Richard Russell Jr., Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives[6]
Results
edit| Candidate | Popular vote | County unit vote | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |
| Richard Russell Jr. | 56,177 | 27.26 | 132 | 31.88 |
| George H. Carswell | 51,851 | 25.16 | 126 | 30.43 |
| Eurith D. Rivers | 47,121 | 22.87 | 88 | 21.26 |
| John N. Holder | 44,318 | 21.51 | 68 | 16.43 |
| James A. Perry | 6,594 | 3.20 | ||
| Total | 206,061 | 100.00 | 414 | 100.00 |
| Source: [8][9][10] | ||||
| Candidate | Popular vote | County unit vote | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Votes | % | |
| Richard Russell Jr. | 99,505 | 67.85 | 330 | 79.71 |
| George H. Carswell | 47,157 | 32.15 | 84 | 20.29 |
| Total | 146,662 | 100.00 | 414 | 100.00 |
| Source: [8][11][12] | ||||
General election
editIn the general election, Russell ran unopposed.
Results
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Russell Jr. | 56,462 | 100.00% | ||
| Turnout | 56,462 | 100.00% | |||
| Democratic hold | Swing | ||||
References
edit- ^ "County Unit System". Georgia County Clerks Association. Archived from the original on May 31, 2008. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
- ^ a b "Eugene Talmadge". The Jim Crow Encyclopedia. The African American Experience. Archived from the original on January 23, 2015. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
- ^ a b "County Unit System, eh?". Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies. October 6, 2011. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
- ^ Buchanan, Scott (June 13, 2017). "County Unit System". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
- ^ a b Fite, Gilbert C. (1991). Richard B. Russell Jr, Senator from Georgia. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 65–66. ISBN 0-8078-5465-4.
- ^ a b "Harris named for third term". Evening Star. Washington, D.C. September 11, 1930. p. A-4. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
- ^ History of Highway Construction in the State of Georgia and of the State Highway Board, 1916-1939 (PDF). Prepared by Division of Highway Planning of the State Highway Board of Georgia. 1939. p. 16.
- ^ a b Congressional Quarterly 1998, p. 107.
- ^ "GA Governor, 1930 - D Primary". Our Campaigns. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
- ^ Georgia Register 1931, pp. 642–647.
- ^ "GA Governor, 1930 - D Runoff". Our Campaigns. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
- ^ Georgia Register 1931, pp. 696–698.
- ^ Congressional Quarterly 1998, p. 48.
- ^ "GA Governor, 1930". Our Campaigns. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
- ^ Glashan 1979, pp. 68–69.
- ^ Dubin 2013, p. 14.
Bibliography
edit- Gubernatorial Elections, 1787-1997. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Inc. 1998. ISBN 1-56802-396-0.
- Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN 0-930466-17-9.
- Dubin, Michael J. (2013). "Annual Summary". United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1912-1931: The Official Results by State and County. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 9781476601007.
- Compiled by Ruth Blair, State Historian and Director (1931). Georgia's Official Register, 1931 (PDF). Atlanta, GA: State of Georgia, Department of Archives and History.