The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad, were a summer multi-sport event held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, from July 17 to August 1, 1976.[1] A total of 6,084 athletes from 92 countries represented by National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in these Games, competing in 198 events in 23 sports.[2]
| 1976 Summer Olympics medals | |
|---|---|
| Location | Montreal,  Canada |
| Highlights | |
| Most gold medals |  Soviet Union (49) |
| Most total medals | Soviet Union (125) |
| Medalling NOCs | 41 |
Twenty-eight African countries missed these Games.[3] This boycott decision was taken in response to the participation of New Zealand, because its national rugby union team (the All Blacks) continued to play rugby with South Africa, which had been banned from the Olympic movement since 1964 due to its apartheid policies.[4]
Athletes from 42 countries won at least one medal, leaving 51 countries in blank in the medals table. The Soviet Union won the highest number of gold medals (49) and overall medals (125). The Games were dominated by the Soviet Bloc, with the USSR and its satellites occupying seven out of top ten places in the medal standings. Thailand and Bermuda won the first medals in their Olympic history, with Bermuda being the least populous territory to ever win a Summer Olympic medal until Alessandra Perilli won bronze for San Marino in trap shooting in 2020. Bermuda, however, became the smallest nation to win a Summer Olympic gold at the same games, thanks to Flora Duffy, which was also their first medal since 1976.[5] The Montreal Summer Olympics proved disastrous to Canada not only in financial terms; it failed to win a single gold medal despite being the host nation. Overall, it was 27th in the medal table, which remains the worst result a host nation has ever scored in the history of the Summer Games.[6]
Russian Nikolai Andrianov of the Soviet Union won seven medals (four gold, two silver and one bronze medals), becoming the most medaled athlete in these Games.[7]
Medal table
edit
The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. The table uses the Olympic medal table sorting method. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won, where a nation is an entity represented by a NOC. The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals.[8][9] If teams are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their IOC country code.[10]
A total of 198 events in 23 different sports were contested at the Montreal Games.[11][12] In boxing and judo, two bronze medals were awarded for each weight class. In gymnastics, two bronze medals were awarded for third–place ties in the men's pommel horse and men's horizontal bar events, and a second–place tie in the women's vault resulted in two silver medals and no bronze medal awarded for that event.[13]
* Host nation (Canada)
| Rank | NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soviet Union | 49 | 41 | 35 | 125 |
| 2 |  East Germany | 40 | 25 | 25 | 90 |
| 3 |  United States | 34 | 35 | 25 | 94 |
| 4 |  West Germany | 10 | 12 | 17 | 39 |
| 5 |  Japan | 9 | 6 | 10 | 25 |
| 6 |  Poland | 7 | 6 | 13 | 26 |
| 7 |  Bulgaria | 6 | 9 | 7 | 22 |
| 8 |  Cuba | 6 | 4 | 3 | 13 |
| 9 |  Romania | 4 | 9 | 14 | 27 |
| 10 |  Hungary | 4 | 5 | 13 | 22 |
| 11 |  Finland | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| 12 |  Sweden | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 13 |  Great Britain | 3 | 5 | 5 | 13 |
| 14 |  Italy | 2 | 7 | 4 | 13 |
| 15 |  France | 2 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
| 16 |  Yugoslavia | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| 17 |  Czechoslovakia | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
| 18 |  New Zealand | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 19 |  South Korea | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
| 20 |  Switzerland | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 21 |  Jamaica | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
 North Korea | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
 Norway | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| 24 |  Denmark | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 25 |  Mexico | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 26 |  Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 27 | Canada* | 0 | 5 | 6 | 11 |
| 28 |  Belgium | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 29 |  Netherlands | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 30 |  Portugal | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
 Spain | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| 32 |  Australia | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 33 |  Iran | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 34 |  Mongolia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Venezuela | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 36 |  Brazil | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 37 |  Austria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Bermuda | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Pakistan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Puerto Rico | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Thailand | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (41 entries) | 198 | 199 | 216 | 613 | |
Change by doping
edit| Olympics | Athlete | Country | Medal | Event | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1976 Summer Olympics | Valentin Khristov |  Bulgaria
|
|
Weightlifting, Men's 110 kg | [15] |
| Blagoy Blagoev | 
|
Weightlifting, Men's 82.5 kg | [16] | ||
| Zbigniew Kaczmarek |  Poland
|
|
Weightlifting, Men's 67.5 kg | [17] |
References
edit- ^ Johnston, Mindy (5 August 2024). "Montreal 1976 Olympic Games". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 12 September 2024.
- ^ "Montreal 1976–Games of the XXI Olympiad". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 5 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
- ^ Berlioux, Monique, ed. (November–December 1976). "Africa and the XXIst Olympiad" (PDF). Olympic Review (109–110). Lausanne: International Olympic Committee: 584–585. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
- ^ "1976: African countries boycott Olympics". BBC. 1976-07-17. Archived from the original on 7 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
- ^ Mackenzie, Alasdair (29 July 2021). "Shooting-Tears of joy as San Marino becomes smallest Olympic medal-winning nation". Reuters. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
- ^ "History: 1976 Montreal". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 2008-02-27. Retrieved 2008-04-02.
- ^ "Nikolay Andrianov–The Only Man to Win 15 Medals". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 3 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
- ^ Ostlere, Lawrence (11 August 2024). "Olympic medal table: USA beat China to top spot at Paris 2024". The Independent. Archived from the original on 12 August 2024. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ^ Araton, Harvey (18 August 2008). "A Medal Count That Adds Up To Little". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
- ^ Cons, Roddy (10 August 2024). "What happens if two countries are tied in the Olympic medal table? Tiebreaker rules explained". Diario AS. Archived from the original on August 11, 2024. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
- ^ "Aquatics" includes swimming, diving, and water polo.
- ^ "Montreal 1976–Sports on the program". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
- ^ Chantigny, Louis, ed. (1978). Games of the XXI Olympiad Montréal 1976 Official Report, Volume III Results (PDF). Montreal, Quebec, Canada.: COJO 76. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-02.
- ^ "Montreal 1976 Olympic Medal Table – Gold, Silver & Bronze". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 12 September 2024.
- ^ "Valentin Khristov Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "Blagoy Blagoev Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
- ^ "Zbigniew Kaczmarek Bio, Stats, and Results". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
External links
edit- "Montreal 1976". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee.
- "1976 Summer Olympics". Olympedia.com. Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- "Olympic Analytics/1976_1". olympanalyt.com. Archived from the original on 2020-08-28. Retrieved 2020-08-21.
- "Medal Count for the 1976 Summer Olympics". databaseOlympics.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2008.
- "1976–Summer Olympics XXI (Montreal, Quebec, Canada)". The Sports Network. Archived from the original on 2008-08-27. Retrieved 24 March 2008.
- "British Olympic Association > Summer Games > Montréal 1976". British Olympic Association. Archived from the original on 26 February 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2008.
- "Game: Montreal 1976–Australian Olympic Committee". Australian Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 5 August 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2008.