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1980 Galician Statute of Autonomy referendum

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A referendum on the approval of the Galician Statute of Autonomy was held in Galicia on Sunday, 21 December 1980. Voters were asked whether they ratified a proposed Statute of Autonomy of Galicia bill organizing the provinces of La Coruña, Lugo, Orense and Pontevedra into an autonomous community of Spain. The final draft of the bill had been approved following an inter-party agreement on 26 September 1980, but it required ratification through a binding referendum and its subsequent approval by the Spanish Cortes Generales, as established under Article 151 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978.[1]

1980 Galician Statute of Autonomy referendum
21 December 1980 (1980-12-21)
"Do you approve of the Statute of Autonomy of Galicia Bill?"
Results
Choice
 Votes %
checkY Yes 450,556 78.77%
☒N No 121,448 21.23%
Valid votes 572,004 93.13%
Invalid or blank votes 42,214 6.87%
Total votes 614,218 100.00%
Registered voters/turnout 2,172,898 28.27%

The referendum resulted in 78.8% of valid votes in support of the bill on a turnout of just 28.3%.[2][3][4] Once approved, the bill was submitted to the consideration of the Cortes Generales, which accepted it on 17 February 1981 (in the Congress of Deputies) and 17 March (in the Spanish Senate), receiving royal assent on 6 April and published in the Official State Gazette on 28 April 1981.[5][6]

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Articles 143 and 151 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978 provided for two ordinary procedures for regions to access autonomy status:[7]

  • The "slow-track" route of Article 143, whose initiative required the approval of the corresponding Provincial or Island Councils as well as two-thirds of all municipalities which comprised, at least, a majority of the population in each province or island. Devolution for autonomous communities constituted through this procedure was limited for a period of at least five years from the adoption of the Statute of Autonomy.[8]
  • The "fast-track" route of Article 151, whose initiative required the approval of the corresponding Provincial or Island Councils; three-fourths of all municipalities which comprised, at least, a majority of the population in each province or island; as well as its subsequent ratification through referendum requiring the affirmative vote of at least the absolute majority of all those eligible to vote.[9] Transitory Provision Second of the Constitution waived off these requirements for the "historical regions" which had statutes of autonomy approved by voters during the Second Spanish Republic, namely: Catalonia (1931), the Basque Country (1933) and Galicia (1936).[10][11]

Once initiated, failure in securing the requirements laid out in each of these procedures determined a five-year period during which the corresponding provinces or islands would not be able to apply for autonomy under the same Article.[7] Additionally, Article 144 provided for an exceptional procedure under which the Cortes Generales could, because of "national interest reasons": a) Authorize the constitution of an autonomous community when its territorial scope did not exceed that of a province and did not meet the requirements of Article 143; b) Authorize the approval of statutes of autonomy for territories not integrated into the provincial organization; and c) Replace the local councils' initiative referred to in Article 143.[12]

Draft statutes of autonomy approved under the procedure outlined in Article 151 of the Constitution required for its subsequent ratification in referendum, once ruled favourably by the Constitutional Commission of the Congress of Deputies.[7] Under Article 9 of the Organic Law 2/1980, of 18 January, on the regulation of the different forms of referendums, the ratification required the affirmative vote of at least a majority of those validly issued. In the absence of such a majority in one or several provinces, those voting favourably could constitute themselves into an autonomous community of their own, provided that:[13]

  1. The provinces were bordering.
  2. That it was decided to continue the statutory process by virtue of an agreement adopted by the absolute majority of the Assembly of Parliamentarians corresponding to the provinces that had voted affirmatively on the draft. In this case, the draft Statute was to be transacted as an Organic Law by the Cortes Generales for the sole purpose of its adaptation to the new territorial scope.
  3. If the referendum result had been negative in most or all of the provinces, no new Statute would be drafted for a time lapse of five years, notwithstanding those provinces that, having voted affirmatively, chose to constitute themselves into an autonomous community of their own.

The electoral procedures of the referendum came regulated under Royal Decree-Law 20/1977, of 18 March, and its related legal provisions. Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered in the provinces of La Coruña, Lugo, Orense and Pontevedra and in full enjoyment of their civil and political rights.[14] The question asked was "Do you approve of the Statute of Autonomy of Galicia Bill?" (Spanish: ¿Aprueba el proyecto de Estatuto de Autonomía para Galicia?).[15][16][17]

Background

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Negotiations for a new statute of autonomy for Galicia had its roots in the 1936 Statute, voted in referendum and submitted to the Spanish parliament for ratification, but never implemented due to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War.[18] Galicia was granted a pre-autonomic regime after Francisco Franco's death in 1975 and during the Spanish transition to democracy,[19][20][21] together with the Valencian Country, Aragon and the Canary Islands based on the examples of Catalonia and the Basque Country.[22][23] The re-establishment of the Regional Government of Galicia (Galician: Xunta de Galicia) was formalized with its official approval on 18 March 1978 and the appointment of the first regional government in June that year.[24][25][26] The subsequent Spanish Constitution of 1978 and the celebration in Spain of the first ordinary general election paved the way for the re-establishment of the "historical communities" of the Basque Country, Catalonia and Galicia under the "fast-track" procedure of Article 151 of the Constitution, setting the first steps for the institutionalization of the so-called "State of the Autonomies".[27]

For Galicia, an Assembly of Parliamentarians was constituted by 16 political representatives—8 from the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD), 2 each from the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and People's Alliance (AP) and 1 each from the Communist Party of Spain (PCE), the Galician Workers Party (POG), the Galicianist Party (PG) and the Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)—in order to elaborate a draft statute of autonomy, but the process was delayed by the UCD's opposition to granting the Galician autonomy the level of devolution achieved by the Basque Country and Catalonia.[28][29][30] In July 1979, there was a change in the leadership of the pre-autonomic Regional Government as Galician president Antonio Rosón was replaced by José Quiroga Suárez over discrepancies within UCD to Rosón's determined pro-autonomy stance.[31][32] The resulting text was considered by left-wing and nationalist parties as unambitious when compared to the Basque and Catalan projects concurrently underway,[33][34][35] and it was met with growing dissatisfaction from the various political groups over the limited extent of devolution as it was submitted to the Cortes Generales for its ratification,[36][37][38][39] with subsequent negotiations over the proposed text not reaching fruition.[40] Attempts from the UCD to unilaterally impose the draft Statute were met with public outcry from opposition parties,[41][42][43][44] and caused an internal crisis within the Galician UCD over disagreements with the proposed text,[45][46] despite both the UCD-controlled regional government and Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez coming out in support of the draft.[47][48][49]

Massive political demonstrations held throughout the main Galician cities on 4 December 1979 in protest against the proposed draft, dubbed as the "Statute of UCD" or the "outrage Statute" (Galician: Estatuto da aldraxe),[50][51] and threats from opposition parties of campaigning for the 'No' vote in the eventual referendum required under Article 151 of the Constitution to ratify the Statute,[52][53][54] namely the PSOE,[55][56] the PCE,[57] the POG,[58][59] and the PG,[60] among others, led the UCD to accept negotiations over a more relaxed interpretation of the Statute in order to prevent a political deadlock over the issue.[61][62] After the UCD accepted to reform the draft Statute to allow for devolution in equal terms to the Basque Country and Catalonia,[63][64] negotiations ensued with the PSOE, AP, PCE and PG,[65][66][67] leading to an agreement over the Statute's reform ahead of the scheduled referendum, the "Hostel Pact" (Spanish: Pacto del Hostal) of 26 September 1980.[1][68][69]

Date

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The date of the referendum had been initially scheduled for the end of May or the beginning of June 1980,[70] but the strong opposition to the draft Statute from left-wing and nationalist parties, who had announced a campaign for a 'No' vote in the referendum,[71][72] resulted in several delays in the date while negotiations were ongoing,[73] firstly to the end of June,[74] then to September or October,[75][76][77] or beyond.[78] After an inter-party agreement was reached and ratified on 1 October 1980 over the draft Statute's reform,[79][80] and the approval of the reformed Statute on 29 October, the referendum for its ratification was scheduled for Sunday, 21 December,[81] with its decree being published in the Official State Gazette on 8 November.[16]

Campaign

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Party policies
Position Parties Ref.
 Y Yes Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) [82][83]
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) [82][83][84]
People's Alliance (AP) [82][83][85]
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) [82][83][86]
Galicianist Party (PG) [82][83]
Galician Socialist Unity–PSOE (USG–PSOE) [82]
Carlist Party (PC) [82]
Unified Communist Party of Spain (PCEU) [82]
 N No Galician National-Popular Bloc (BNPG) [82][87][88]
Galician Socialist Party (PSG) [82][87]
Communist Movement of Galicia (MCG) [82]
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) [82]
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) [82]
New Force (FN) [82]
Abstention Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) [82]
Galician Workers' Party (POG) [82]
Liberated Galiza (GC) [89]

The Regional Government of Galicia invested 100 million Pta in an institutional campaign to encourage turnout in the referendum,[90][91][92] over fears from political parties that high abstention rates, coming as a consequence from disaffection with the chaotic Statute negotiations, could en up blurring the final result.[93][94] The parties in favour of the 'Yes' vote to the Statute did not reach an agreement for running a joint campaign, instead organizing separate party campaigns to highlight their particular views on the Galician autonomy.[95] Concurrently, the UCD had shown reluctance to coordinating itself with other parties over specific plans on the devolution timetable, the organization of the referendum, the date of the first Galician regional election or the application of a specific economic plan for Galicia.[96]

Opinion polls

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The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading choice's colour. The "Lead" columns on the right show the percentage-point difference between the "Yes" and "No" choices in a given poll.

Results

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Overall

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Question

Do you approve of the Statute of Autonomy of Galicia Bill?

Referendum results
Choice Votes %
  Yes 450,556 78.77
No 121,448 21.23
Valid votes 572,004 93.13
Invalid or blank votes 42,214 6.87
Total votes 614,218 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 2,172,898 28.27
Source: Congress of Deputies[3]

Results by province

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Province Electorate Turnout Yes No
Votes % Votes %
La Coruña 844.268 32.08 196,736 77.81 56,102 22.19
Lugo 334,412 19.65 46,981 77.57 13,588 22.43
Orense 355,397 21.17 58,265 82.86 12,056 17.14
Pontevedra 638,821 31.69 148,574 78.91 39,702 21.09
Total 2,172,898 28.27 450,556 78.77 121,448 21.23
Sources[3]

Aftermath

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The most commented feat of the referendum result were the extremely high abstention rates in all four Galician provinces.[4][97] The city of La Coruña recorded one of the highest turnouts, barely above 40%, but also the highest proportion of negative votes with more than 34%.[98] In the province of Pontevedra, turnout was lower in those local councils under UCD control.[99] It was reported that in several election wards in the city of Orense neither the full members nor the substitutes had shown up, with the provincial electoral commission commenting on the unusual nature of this circumstance.[100] The province of Lugo registered the lowest turnout, with more than 80% of registered voters abstaining.[101] While some political leaders attributed the high abstention rates to an inflation in census data of up to 20 or 30%, a result of double records and outdated register figures in a very rural and backward region such as was Galicia at the time,[102][103] the National Statistics Institute replied that these mismatches would amount to no more than 10% of the census.[104] The final results of the vote were published in the Official State Gazette on 10 January 1981.[105]

The high abstention prompted the only AP member in the Regional Government to resign.[106] The regional PSOE rejected UCD's pleas for re-joining the government—which it had left in November 1979 over disagreements on the Statute issue—and instead requested for the regional government's renovation, amid calls that UCD had proven unable to generate the required confidence in the Galician people with the autonomy process,[107][108][109] a move which UCD rejected likewise.[110] After several delays,[111] the Statute was taken to the Cortes Generales for its final ratification, being approved by the Congress on 17 February 1981,[112] and by the Senate on 17 March.[113] The Statute was promulgated on 6 April 1981 and published in the Official State Gazette on 28 April,[114] coming into force on 18 May.[6][115][116] The first regional election would, under the Statute's provisions, be scheduled for 20 October 1981.[117]

See also

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References

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Opinion poll sources
  1. ^ Janeiro, Juan Francisco (13 December 1980). "Se estima que la participación en el Estatuto de Galicia será del 25%". El País (in Spanish).
  2. ^ "Actitudes autonómicas de Galicia. Estudio nº 1241. Septiembre 1980" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 1 October 1980.
  3. ^ "La abstención, tendencia predominante ante el referéndum gallego". El País (in Spanish). 25 October 1980.
  4. ^ Janeiro, Juan Francisco (25 October 1980). "La abstención, tendencia básica ante el referéndum del Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish).
  5. ^ Ojea, Antonio (9 January 1980). "Un supuesto sondeo de opinión en Galicia da un 40% de votos negativos al Estatuto". El País (in Spanish).
Other
  1. ^ a b "Los partidos llegan a un acuerdo sobre el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 27 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  2. ^ "Galicia (Spain), 21 December 1980: Autonomy Statute". sudd.ch (in German). Direct Democracy. 21 December 1980. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
  3. ^ a b c "Referéndum sobre el proyecto de Estatuto de Autonomía para Galicia". congreso.es (in Spanish). Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
  4. ^ a b "Sólo el 20,80% de los gallegos convocados a las urnas el domingo dijeron "sí" al Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 23 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  5. ^ "Sinopsis del Estatuto de Galicia". congreso.es (in Spanish). Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
  6. ^ a b Ley Orgánica 1/1981, de 6 de abril, de Estatuto de Autonomía para Galicia. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Organic Law 1) (in Spanish). 6 April 1981. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  7. ^ a b c Constitución Española. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Constitution) (in Spanish). 29 December 1978. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
  8. ^ "Constitución española. Sinopsis artículo 143". congreso.es (in Spanish). Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  9. ^ "Constitución española. Sinopsis artículo 151". congreso.es (in Spanish). Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  10. ^ "Los estatutos de autonomía de las nacionalidades históricas". El País (in Spanish). 31 October 1979. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
  11. ^ "El referéndum de iniciativa, barrera no exigida a las nacionalidades históricas". El País (in Spanish). 9 December 1979. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
  12. ^ "Constitución española. Sinopsis artículo 144". congreso.es (in Spanish). Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  13. ^ Ley Orgánica 2/1980, de 18 de enero, sobre regulación de las distintas modalidades de referéndum. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Organic Law 2) (in Spanish). 18 January 1980. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  14. ^ Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  15. ^ "Referendos". congreso.es (in Spanish). Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
  16. ^ a b "Real Decreto 2400/1980, de 7 de noviembre, por el que se somete a referéndum el proyecto de Estatuto de Autonomía para Galicia" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (269): 24949–24955. 8 November 1980. ISSN 0212-033X. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  17. ^ "Real Decreto 2401/1980, de 7 de noviembre, sobre normas complementarias para la celebración de referéndum convocado por Real Decreto 2400/1980, de la misma fecha" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (269): 24955–24956. 8 November 1980. ISSN 0212-033X. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  18. ^ "Sinopsis del Estatuto de Galicia". congreso.es (in Spanish). Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  19. ^ "Proyecto de régimen transitorio de autonomía para Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 6 October 1977. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  20. ^ "Reservas en la izquierda gallega ante el proyecto autonómico de UCD". El País (in Spanish). 7 October 1977. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  21. ^ "Aprobadas las bases para negociar la autonomía de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 12 October 1977. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  22. ^ "Galicia, un caso aparte". El País (in Spanish). 9 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  23. ^ "La negociación constitucional de las autonomías estuvo condicionada por el "problema vasco" y la "cuestión catalana"". El País (in Spanish). 9 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  24. ^ Real Decreto-ley 7/1978, de 16 de marzo, por el que se aprueba el régimen preautonómico para Galicia. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Royal Decree-Law 7) (in Spanish). 16 March 1978. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  25. ^ Real Decreto 474/1978, de 16 de marzo, por el que se desarrolla el Real Decreto-ley 7/1978, que aprueba el régimen preautonómico para Galicia. Boletín Oficial del Estado (Royal Decree 474) (in Spanish). 16 March 1978. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  26. ^ "Designado el Gobierno preautonómico gallego". El País (in Spanish). 13 June 1978. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  27. ^ "La España de las Autonomías. Galicia. Breve historia". El Mundo (in Spanish). 28 June 2005. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  28. ^ "Se retrasa el anteproyecto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 20 December 1978. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  29. ^ "El Estatuto es más moderado que los de Cataluña y País Vasco". El País (in Spanish). 17 June 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  30. ^ "Aprobado definitivamente el proyecto de Estatuto de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 17 June 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  31. ^ "Intensa pugna entre parlamentarios de UCD por la presidencia de la Junta gallega". El País (in Spanish). 26 May 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  32. ^ "El nuevo Gobierno preautonómico, copado por UCD". El País (in Spanish). 11 July 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  33. ^ "Los parlamentarios de UCD retocan el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 9 June 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  34. ^ "Protestas por el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 28 June 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  35. ^ "Los estatutos gallegos cumplen años". El Mundo (in Spanish). 30 July 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  36. ^ "El PSOE busca un acuerdo con PC y nacionalistas". El País (in Spanish). 18 September 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  37. ^ "Discrepancias entre los miembros de UCD por el Estatuto de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 26 October 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  38. ^ "No hay acuerdo de los partidos mayoritarios sobre el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 30 October 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  39. ^ "La oposición intentará evitar un fuerte intervencionismo estatal en el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 1 November 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  40. ^ "UCD y PSOE negocian un acuerdo global sobre el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 17 November 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  41. ^ "Dictaminado el Estatuto gallego, pese a la oposición de la izquierda, que votó en contra". El País (in Spanish). 23 November 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  42. ^ "UCD será responsable de la radicalización política de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 23 November 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  43. ^ "Los comunistas harán campaña contra el Estatuto de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 25 November 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  44. ^ "Sólo UCD y Coalición Democrática apoyan el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 28 November 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  45. ^ "Parlamentarios gallegos de UCD defienden el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 30 November 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  46. ^ "Dimisiones en la UCD gallega por disconformidad con el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 1 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  47. ^ "La Junta de Galicia, satisfecha con el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 7 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  48. ^ "Rosón reitera su apoyo al Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 20 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  49. ^ "Suárez: "La autonomía gallega no será inferior a la catalana o vasca"". El País (in Spanish). 2 January 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  50. ^ "Normalidad en las manifestaciones contra el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 5 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  51. ^ "El año en que pudimos perder el Estatuto". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 29 December 2005. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  52. ^ "La izquierda gallega realizará una campaña conjunta contra el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 13 January 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  53. ^ "Los socialistas, en la campaña conjunta contra el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 25 January 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  54. ^ "Parlamentarios gallegos de UCD estudian con Suárez la campaña del referéndum". El País (in Spanish). 31 January 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  55. ^ "El PSOE, partidario de votar "no" en el referéndum del Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 15 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  56. ^ "El PSOE de Galicia votará "no" al Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 26 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  57. ^ "Los comunistas urgirán la celebración del referéndum". El País (in Spanish). 11 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  58. ^ "El POG pretende un frente de oposición del Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 12 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  59. ^ "Duros ataques del Partido Obrero Gallego a la Junta". El País (in Spanish). 8 January 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  60. ^ "El Partido Galleguista votará en contra del Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 19 December 1979. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  61. ^ "Conversaciones para formalizar un pacto constituyente sobre la autonomía gallega". El País (in Spanish). 28 March 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  62. ^ "Centristas y socialistas buscan un acuerdo para sacar al Estatuto gallego de la vía muerta". El País (in Spanish). 28 June 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  63. ^ "UCD, dispuesta a propiciar la reforma del Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 5 August 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  64. ^ "El PSOE exigirá la modificación del Estatuto en las negociaciones". El País (in Spanish). 5 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  65. ^ "Cuatro partidos gallegos, dispuestos a negociar con UCD". El País (in Spanish). 9 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  66. ^ "Hoy comienzan las negociaciones formales sobre el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 13 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  67. ^ "UCD admite la posibilidad de modificar el Estatuto antes del referéndum". El País (in Spanish). 21 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  68. ^ "UCD y PSOE de Galicia coinciden en devolver el Estatuto al Congreso". El País (in Spanish). 26 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  69. ^ "Firmado el acuerdo para modificar el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 30 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  70. ^ "El referéndum del Estatuto, a últimos de mayo". El País (in Spanish). 3 February 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  71. ^ "Partidos gallegos iniciarán en marzo una campaña contra el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 10 February 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  72. ^ "El PSOE mantiene el voto negativo al Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 4 March 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  73. ^ "Denuncia del PTG contra Adolfo Suárez". El País (in Spanish). 20 May 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  74. ^ "El referéndum gallego podría celebrarse a finales de junio". El País (in Spanish). 27 March 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  75. ^ "Las negociaciones en torno al Estatuto gallego pueden demorar el referéndum hasta septiembre". El País (in Spanish). 4 April 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  76. ^ "El referéndum gallego, a finales de octubre". El País (in Spanish). 10 June 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  77. ^ "UCD, partidaria de que el referéndum autonómico se celebre en octubre". El País (in Spanish). 15 June 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  78. ^ "Posible retraso del referéndum autonómico". El País (in Spanish). 3 September 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  79. ^ "Los parlamentarios gallegos ratificaron el acuerdo para modificar el estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 2 October 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  80. ^ "Reapertura del proceso estatutario gallego". El País (in Spanish). 10 October 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  81. ^ "El Estatuto gallego, modificado ayer, será sometido a referéndum el 21 de diciembre". El País (in Spanish). 30 October 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  82. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p De Juana López, Jesús; Prada Rodríguez, Julio (10 March 2006). "La dinámica política de la Galicia post-autonómica" (PDF). Cuadernos de Historia Contemporánea. 28: 323–342. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  83. ^ a b c d e "Llamamiento de partidos gallegos en favor del "sí" en el referéndum sobre el Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 4 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  84. ^ "Felipe González intervendrá en varios mítines del PSOE". El País (in Spanish). 5 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  85. ^ "Alianza Popular votará "sí" en el referéndum autonómico". El País (in Spanish). 2 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  86. ^ "Carrillo atribuye al caciquismo el alto grado de abstención en Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 6 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  87. ^ a b "Intensa actividad de los partidarios del "no" en Lugo". El País (in Spanish). 4 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  88. ^ "El Bloque pide "puerta a puerta" el "no" al Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 9 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  89. ^ "Da crise no Comité Central da UPG em 1976 à cisom da FPG em 1989 (PARTE SEGUNDA)". www.primeiralinha.org (in Galician). Para umha Galiza Independente - Primeira Linha. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  90. ^ "Hermetismo de la Junta de Galicia sobre la campaña del referéndum". El País (in Spanish). 15 November 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  91. ^ "Perfilada la campaña institucional para el referéndum gallego". El País (in Spanish). 23 November 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  92. ^ "Presupuesto de 100 millones de pesetas para la campaña institucional del referéndum gallego". El País (in Spanish). 5 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  93. ^ "Los partidos gallegos, interesados en evitar una alta abstención en el referéndum". El País (in Spanish). 31 October 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  94. ^ "La campaña de propaganda parece insuficiente para lograr una alta participación". El País (in Spanish). 14 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  95. ^ "Descartada una campaña unitaria para el referéndum gallego". El País (in Spanish). 5 November 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  96. ^ "UCD no asistió a una reunión preparatoria del referéndum gallego". El País (in Spanish). 1 November 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  97. ^ "Sólo una quinta parte de los gallegos refrendó su Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 23 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  98. ^ "La Coruña: la ciudad que más votó en contra del Estatuto". El País (in Spanish). 23 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  99. ^ "Pontevedra: lamentos "a posteriori"". El País (in Spanish). 23 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  100. ^ "Orense: no acudió la gente ni a constituir las mesas". El País (in Spanish). 23 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  101. ^ "Lugo: la abstención más alta". El País (in Spanish). 23 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  102. ^ "Una participación del 40% en el rerferéndum sería un éxito, según Alfonso Guerra". El País (in Spanish). 13 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  103. ^ "El ministro Pío Cabanillas cree que el 60% de los gallegos se va a abstener". El País (in Spanish). 18 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  104. ^ "Estadísticos en desacuerdo con Rosón sobre los errores del censo". El País (in Spanish). 7 January 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  105. ^ "Los resultados oficiales del referéndum gallego, en el BOE". El País (in Spanish). 11 January 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  106. ^ "UCD monopoliza la Junta de Galicia, tras la dimisión del representante de AP". El País (in Spanish). 30 December 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  107. ^ "UCD pide a los socialistas que vuelvan a integrarse en la Junta de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 11 November 1980. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  108. ^ "El PSOE pide la dimisión de la Junta". El País (in Spanish). 22 January 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  109. ^ "El PSOE, dispuesto a integrarse en una Junta renovada". El País (in Spanish). 11 February 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  110. ^ "UCD descarta la remodelación de la Junta de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 13 February 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  111. ^ "El PSOE reclama la ratificación del Estatuto por las Cortes". El País (in Spanish). 29 January 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  112. ^ "El Congreso ratificó el Estatuto gallego". El País (in Spanish). 18 February 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  113. ^ "El Senado ratifica el Estatuto de Galicia". El País (in Spanish). 18 March 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  114. ^ "Abierto el plazo para las próximas elecciones al Parlamento gallego". El País (in Spanish). 28 April 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  115. ^ "Galicia, tercera comunidad autónoma de España". ABC (in Spanish). 19 May 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  116. ^ "El Estatuto de Autonomía entró en vigor ayer". El País (in Spanish). 19 May 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  117. ^ "El 20 de octubre, elecciones gallegas y referéndum andaluz". El País (in Spanish). 21 August 1981. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
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