The 2011 Afghanistan Ashura bombings were a pair of bombings in the Afghan capital of Kabul and Mazar-e-Sharif.[3][4] The Kabul suicide bombing took place at around noon local time, on the day when Muslims commemorate Ashura, an annual holy day throughout the Muslim world particularly by the Shi'a Muslims.
| 2011 Afghanistan Ashura bombings | |
|---|---|
 The Abul Fazl Mosque in 2008 | |
  Kabul Mazar-i-Sharif Locations of the incidents | |
| Location | Kabul Mazar-i-Sharif |
| Date | 6 December 2011 12:00 (AFT) |
| Target | Shia[1] |
Attack type | Suicide bombing IED bombing |
| Deaths | 80+[2] |
| Injured | 160+ |
The first attack took place at the gate of a Shi'a shrine in Kabul and was caused by a suicide bomber. The second incident took place in the northern Afghan city of Mazar-i-Sharif, where a bomb was affixed to a bicycle that exploded near a mosque shortly after the Kabul blast.[5] The suicide blast in Kabul resulted in the deaths of more than 70 civilians, which included women and children, while the Mazar-i-Sharif blast claimed at least 4 lives.[5][6][7] The third was in the southern city of Kandahar, where five people received injuries. The total number of dead in all the attacks reached about 80, while over 160 more were injured.[2]
Attacks
editKabul
editA suicide bomber attacked the Abul Fazl Mosque in the Murad Khane neighborhood of Kabul on 6 December 2011, which claimed more than 50 lives.[5][6] Reports suggested that the suicide bomber was carrying a backpack and may have been full of explosives. The blast took place at around 12 noon (07 30 GMT) at the gate of the Abu Fazl shrine, which is a place mostly visited by Shias. Hundreds of Afghans had gathered to commemorate Ashura, the day on which Husayn ibn Ali the grandson of Muhammad along with 72 followers were murdered in Kerbala, Iraq.[8] According to the statement released by Interior Ministry, a man wearing suicide vest blew himself up inside the shrine where Shi'ite mourners were observing the martyrdom of Hussayn.[9]
Mazar-i-Sharif
editThe second bomb took place near the Blue Mosque in the northern city of Mazar-e-Sharif, where four people were killed. The bomb was reportedly hidden on a bicycle, and went off shortly after the Kabul blast.[10]
Victims
editMore than 70 people were killed following the explosion at the Abu Fazl Mosque in Kabul, while 4 people were killed in Mazar-i-Sharif, taking the total death toll to at least 74.[2][11] The U.S. Embassy in Kabul confirmed that one of the dead was a United States citizen.[12][13][14][15] A number of local and international photojournalists were present when the Kabul bomb went off. Images began appearing in which children were seen screaming or lay dead.[16][17][18]
Responsibility
editAli Sher-e-Khuda, a man claiming to belong to the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, told BBC News that his group was behind the attacks.[19][20] According to Mark Toner, spokesman for U.S. Department of State, "It's been responsible for many attacks within Pakistan. So it's clearly a threat to both countries, and it's precisely the kind of organisation that the secretary (of state) was trying to address when she went to Pakistan in calling for Pakistan to do more to combat this kind of extremist terrorist activity within its own borders."[21]
In June 2012, two men from Nangarhar Province of Afghanistan named Rahim Gul and Habibullah confessed to transporting the suicide bomber from Peshawar, Pakistan. The Attorney General of Afghanistan, Mohammad Ishaq Aloko, stated that "The attack was planned and organized in Peshawar and executed on the holy day." He said "the bombing was an attempt to create division between Afghan Sunni and Shiite Muslims", and alleged that "the Pakistani intelligence service was involved in the attack."[22]
Initially, Afghan Interior Minister Bismillah Khan Mohammadi had accused the Taliban of organising the suicide attack inside a shrine in Kabul[9][23] but Taliban spokesman Zabiullah Mujahid denied involvement.[16] Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai said he would discuss the matter with Pakistan.[24][25]
Reactions
editHundreds of people had joined funeral processions held the next day.[26] The attack was also condemned by leaders of different ethnic groups[which?] said that it was aimed at creating a sectarian war in the country but that they would not turn to violence and instead would stand united in condemning the attack.[19] The United Nation Security Council also condemned the attack.[21]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "20 Killed in Rare Attacks on Afghan Shiites". ABC News. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ a b c Afghanistan's President Says Death Toll From Shrine Blast Has Risen to at Least 80, Fox News, 11 December 2011, retrieved 11 December 2011
- ^ "Three blasts rock Afghanistan, 34 dead". CNN-IBN. 6 December 2011. Archived from the original on 7 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ "Afghanistan shrine blasts leave 34 dead: Police". The Times of India. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ a b c "Explosion rocks shrine in Kabul". BBC. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ a b "Afghanistan: Kabul shrine attacks 'kill 52'". The Daily Telegraph. London. 6 December 2011. Archived from the original on 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ "At least 34 killed in Kabul shrine blasts". NDTV. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ "At least 34 killed in Afghan shrine blasts". The Sydney Morning Herald. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ a b "Afghan gov't blames Taliban for Kabul bombing". Xinhua News Agency. 8 December 2011. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ^ "More than 30 dead in twin Afghan shrine bombings". The Australian. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
- ^ Karzai Says Death Toll From Ashura Bombings Now At 80 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 14 December 2011.
- ^ US citizen killed in Kabul shrine blast: embassy
- ^ Harooni, Mirwais (7 December 2011). "Afghan bombs kill 78 in two days". Reuters. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
- ^ Afghan bombs kill 78 in two days
- ^ Pakistan-based group claims role in deadly blast in Kabul
- ^ a b Baktash, Hashmat; Rodriguez, Alex (7 December 2008). "Two Afghanistan bombings aimed at Shiites kill at least 59 people". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ "At least 55 killed in Kabul suicide bombing". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 7 December 2008. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ "Photos of the Day: Dec. 8". The Wall Street Journal. 7 December 2008. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ a b "US diplomat: Bombing at Afghan Shiite shrine in Kabul not likely to spark sectarian war". The Associated Press. 10 December 2011. Archived from the original on 19 January 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ "Karzai Asks Pakistan for Answers About Blasts". The Wall Street Journal. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ^ a b US backs Karzai; UNSC slams attack
- ^ Riechmann, Deb (19 June 2012). "Violence spikes across southern Afghanistan". Google News. Associated Press. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
- ^ "Afghan attacks Taliban, not sectarian, says interior ministry". BBC. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ^ Karzai Says He Will Talk to Pakistan Over Attacks. The News York Times. 7 December 2011.
- ^ Ahmad, Sardar (7 December 2011). "Karzai blames Pakistanis over sectarian massacre". Google News. AFP. Archived from the original on 8 January 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
- ^ "The Afghans bury their dead". ABC News. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.