Governorate or provincial elections were held in Iraq on 20 April 2013, to replace the local councils in the governorates of Iraq that were elected in the Iraqi governorate elections of 2009.[1] Elections took place in 12 of Iraq's 18 governorates. Elections didn't take place in the 3 governorates forming the Kurdistan Region[2][3] or Kirkuk, Anbar, or Nineveh, meaning that a total of 378 provincial council seats were up for election.[4][5]
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447 seats comprising 14 of the 18 governorates of Iraq | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Colours show the largest list in every governorate State of Law Coalition Shiite List Liberal Coalition Muttahidoon Kurdistan Alliance Independents/Local List Elections not held | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Iraqi government later decided on 19 March to delay the elections in the governorates of Anbar and Nineveh due to ongoing instability caused by the insurgency and the ongoing protests,[6][7] prompting criticism from Muqtada al-Sadr[8] and John Kerry.[9] Elections for Anbar and Nineveh were held on 20 June.[10]
Electoral Law
editThere have been several disputes about the electoral law that is to be used for the election. The current electoral law, which was also used in the 2009 election, states that if certain parties don't get enough votes, their votes and seats are given to the larger parties. In the 2009 election this led to many smaller parties failing to take any seats. Because of the disproportionate affect this law had on smaller parties, the Supreme Court of Iraq declared the law unconstitutional, as it restricted democracy.[11]
In spite of this ruling, and mostly due to the fact that because the law benefits the largest parties they have little incentive to change it, the law has yet to be changed. If not changed, the unconstitutional nature of the law however would make the 2013 election results vulnerable to a legal challenge.[12] As a result, although this does not currently effect the work of the Independent High Electoral Commission, IHEC has been calling on the Iraqi government to pass changes to the law.[4]
In response to this, on 13 December 2012 the Iraqi parliament voted to adopt the Sainte-Laguë method as the new electoral method.[13]
Participants
editParties and candidates wishing to stand for election had to register by the deadline of 25 November 2012. By the time of the deadline 243 entities, including 16 independent candidates, had registered, with some of the entities registering to participate for the first time.[4] As a result of the large number of applications submitted for the registration of political coalitions for the election, IHEC decided to extend the deadline for submissions from the 13th to the 18th of December.[14]
One of the biggest changes to the political coalitions taking part is the fact that the State of Law Coalition has expanded from its traditional supporters, with former opponents such as the Badr Organization, the National Reform Trend, the Islamic Virtue Party, and the secular Shiite White Iraqiya Bloc all joining the coalition for the election. Despite the massive size of the coalition, it is exclusively Shiite.[15][16]
According to IHEC, a total of 8,224 candidates registered to run in the elections, including 131 candidates who have since been barred by IHEC from running due to their ties to the Iraqi Ba'ath Party.[17]
Preliminary results
editAccording to preliminary results from the 12 governorates were elections were held, Nouri al-Maliki's expanded State of Law Coalition would come in first place with 115 seats, second would come ISCI with 80 seats and Sadr Movement would win 50.[18]
With 87-90% of the vote counted, the results were as following:[18]
| Province | Maliki | Hakim | Sadr | Allawi | Nujaifi | Mutlaq | Kurds | Pan-Shi'a | Local |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basra | 46.3% | 19.6% | 9.6% | 2.0% | 1.6% | 5% | |||
| Maysan | 32.4% | 22.9% | 33.1% | ||||||
| Dhi Qar | 32.4% | 23.0% | 15.3% | 9.5% | |||||
| Muthanna | 30.2% | 26.0% | 12.5% | 10.7% | |||||
| Qadisiyyah | 29.6% | 17.1% | 13.4% | 8.3% | |||||
| Babil | 20.5% | 20.8% | 9.3% | 4.4% | 12.4% | ||||
| Najaf | 14.4% | 15.4% | 8.5% | 22.1% | |||||
| Karbala | 23.1% | 9.1% | 12.2% | 9.4% | |||||
| Wasit | 26.3% | 24.2% | 17.7% | 8.3% | |||||
| Baghdad | 37.1% | 10.4% | 7.7% | 5.0% | 12.3% | 4.9% | |||
| Saladin | - | - | - | 6.5% | 12.0% | 3.2% | 2.5% | 6.1% | 12.6% |
| Diyala | - | - | - | 4.5% | 3.1% | 11.8% | 24.8% | ||
| Source: Al Monitor, | |||||||||
Results
editTotal seats
edit| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Total seats | Party leader | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 1,890,567 | 26.21% | 102 | Nouri al-Maliki | |
| Citizens Alliance | 943,646 | 13.08% | 66 | Ammar al-Hakim | |
| Liberal Coalition | 653,763 | 9.06% | 60 | Muqtada al-Sadr | |
| Muttahidoon | 518,968 | 7.19% | 35 | Atheel al-Nujaifi | |
| Arabian Al Iraqia | 18 | Saleh al-Mutlaq | |||
| Kurdistan List | 255,362 | 3.54% | 17 | Barham Salih | |
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 298,198 | 4.13% | 16 | Ayad Allawi | |
| Loyalty to Najaf | 118,310 | 1.64% | 9 | Adnan al-Zurufi | |
| Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation | 7 | Hashim Al-Mosawy | |||
| Iraqi People's Coalition | 8 | ||||
| Hope of Rafidain | 3 | ||||
| Iraq's Benevolence and Generosity List | 65,634 | 0.91% | 3 | Dr Rushdi Said | |
| Iraqi Communist Party | 2 | Hamid Majid Mousa | |||
| National White Bloc | 44,765 | 0.62% | 2 | Hassan Alawi | |
| Other Parties | 99 | - | |||
| Total | 7,214,146 | 100% | 447 | - | |
| Source: ISW, Gulf Analysis, IHEC, Musings on Iraq | |||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muttahidoon | 115,605 | 27.89% | 8 | Osama al-Nujaifi | ||
| Aabiroun Coalition | 62,581 | 15.10% | 5 | Qasim Al-Fahdawi | ||
| Arabian Al Iraqia | 57,332 | 13.83% | 4 | Saleh al-Mutlaq | ||
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 39,500 | 9.53% | 3 | Ayad Allawi | ||
| Al Anbar United Coalition | 35,214 | 8.49% | 3 | Kamil al-Dulaymi | ||
| National Cooperation Coalition | 32,718 | 7.89% | 2 | Ali Farhan | ||
| People’s Will Project | 25,210 | 6.08% | 2 | Sheikh Mohamad Daham Al Farhan | ||
| Iraq’s Affluents | 10,785 | 2.60% | 1 | Sheikh Jamal Al Jadaan | ||
| Amiroun Coalition | 9,220 | 2.22% | 1 | Ahmad Raja | ||
| Valiants of Iraq Bloc | 8,932 | 2.15% | 1 | Sheikh Majed Ali Al Sulayman | ||
| Other parties | 17,457 | 4.21% | - | |||
| Total | 414,554 | 100% | 30 | |||
| Sources: al-Sumaria – al-Anbar Coalitions, IHEC | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 142,568 | 25.98% | 8 | Nouri al-Maliki | ||
| Citizens Alliance | 115,188 | 20.99% | 7 | Ammar al-Hakim | ||
| Independent Iraqi Qualifications Gathering | 69,087 | 12.59% | 4 | Hamed Ahmad Aboud Radi | ||
| Liberal Coalition | 51,869 | 9.45% | 4 | Muqtada al-Sadr | ||
| Babil Civil Alliance | 30,578 | 5.57% | 2 | Akil Jaber Hamza Saleh | ||
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 24,227 | 4.42% | 1 | |||
| Iraq’s National Coalition | 20,755 | 3.78% | 1 | |||
| Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation | 19,527 | 3.56% | 1 | Hashim Al-Mosawy | ||
| National Partnership Gathering | 18,565 | 3.38% | 1 | Mohamed Fadel Obeid Omran | ||
| Al Amin Coalition | 16,865 | 3.07% | 1 | |||
| Iraqia Babel | 12,754 | 2.32% | 1 | Osama al-Nujaifi Saleh al-Mutlaq | ||
| Other parties | 26,688 | 4.86% | - | |||
| Total | 548,671 | 100% | 31 | |||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Babil Coalitions, IHEC Babil Results | ||||||
Baghdad Governorate
editBasra Governorate
edit| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 292,658 | 45.17% | 16 | Nouri al-Maliki | ||
| Citizens Alliance | 121,875 | 18.81% | 6 | Ammar al-Hakim | ||
| Liberal Coalition | 58,312 | 9.00% | 3 | Muqtada al-Sadr | ||
| Basra Independent Coalition | 29,384 | 4.54% | 2 | |||
| Gathering of Justice and Unity | 24,513 | 3.78% | 1 | al-Faiz | ||
| Al Barsa’s Civil Alliance | 17,541 | 2.71% | 1 | |||
| Alternative Movement | 15,643 | 2.41% | 1 | |||
| Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation | 15,493 | 2.39% | 1 | Hashim Al-Mosawy | ||
| Will of Iraq Movement | 13,940 | 2.15% | 1 | |||
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 13,319 | 2.06% | 1 | Ayad Allawi | ||
| Muttahidoon | 10,386 | 1.60% | 1 | Osama al-Nujaifi | ||
| Other parties | 34,873 | 5.38% | - | |||
| Total | 647,937 | 100% | 35 | |||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Basra Coalitions, IHEC Basra Results | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 176,861 | 10 | Nouri al-Maliki | |||
| Citizens Alliance | 122,088 | 7 | Ammar al-Hakim | |||
| Liberal Coalition | 81,338 | 7 | Muqtada al-Sadr | |||
| Solidarity with Iraq | 50,363 | 3 | Talib Qathem Abdul Karim Al Hassan | |||
| National Loyalty Bloc | 43,369 | 3 | Habib Nour Mahdi Nehme | |||
| National Partnership Gathering | 26,670 | 2 | Hamid naim Khudayr Abdullah | |||
| Civil Democratic Coalition | 17,906 | 1 | Shahid Ahmad Hassan Mohamed | |||
| Other parties | - | |||||
| Total | 100% | 31 | ||||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Dhi Qar Coalitions, IHEC Dhi Qar Results | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diyala’s National Alliance | 170,292 | 37.08% | 12 | Nouri al-Maliki | ||
| Iraqi Diyala | 149,535 | 32.56% | 10 | |||
| Feylis Kurds Brotherhood List | 49,415 | 10.76% | 3 | |||
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 27,670 | 6.02% | 2 | Ayad Allawi | ||
| Determined to Build | 17,935 | 3.90% | 1 | |||
| Diyala’s New Coalition | 13,980 | 3.04% | 1 | |||
| Other parties | 30,484 | 6.64% | - | |||
| Total | 459,311 | 100% | 29 | |||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Diyala Coalitions, IHEC Diyala Results | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 84,447 | 7 | Nouri al-Maliki | |||
| Liberal Coalition | 43,945 | 4 | Muqtada al-Sadr | |||
| Al Liwa | 33,614 | 3 | ||||
| Citizens Alliance | 33,362 | 3 | Ammar al-Hakim | |||
| Hope for the Mesopotamia | 32,527 | 3 | ||||
| Equitable State Movement | 32,454 | 3 | ||||
| National Moderation Front | 18,501 | 2 | ||||
| Iraq’s Advocates for State Support | 13,102 | 1 | ||||
| Iraqi Justice and Democracy Alliance | 8,559 | 1 | ||||
| Other parties | 2 | |||||
| Total | 100% | 27 | ||||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Karbala Coalitions, IHEC Karbala Results | ||||||
Maysan Governorate
edit| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal Coalition | 89,906 | 33.01% | 9 | Muqtada al-Sadr | ||
| State of Law Coalition | 77,917 | 28.61% | 8 | Nouri al-Maliki | ||
| Citizens Alliance | 63,060 | 23.15% | 6 | Ammar al-Hakim | ||
| Honesty and Generosity | 11,605 | 4.26% | 1 | Sajed Abdul Wahed Karim Said | ||
| National Partnership Gathering | 10,771 | 3.95% | 1 | Jasem Saheb Obeid Sadkhan | ||
| National Flag Gathering | 9,814 | 3.60% | 1 | Naser Hussein Jabbar Ghadib | ||
| Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation | 5,615 | 2.06% | 1 | Hashim Al-Mosawy | ||
| Other parties | 3,665 | 1.35% | - | |||
| Total | 272,353 | 100% | 27 | |||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Maysan Coalitions, IHEC Maysan Results | ||||||
Muthanna Governorate
edit| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 76,777 | 30.61% | 9 | Nouri al-Maliki | ||
| Citizens Alliance | 67,203 | 26.79% | 7 | Ammar al-Hakim | ||
| Liberal Coalition | 31,290 | 12.47% | 3 | Muqtada al-Sadr | ||
| Independent Iraqi Qualifications Gathering | 27,065 | 10.79% | 3 | Adel Nazek Abdul Saheb Ali | ||
| Gathering for Al Muthana | 24,931 | 9.94% | 2 | Mohamd Radi Sultan Ashlukh | ||
| Al Muthanna Alliance for Change & Reconstruction | 17,561 | 7.00% | 2 | Ghazi Mussa Kathem Abdul Hussein | ||
| Other parties | 6,029 | 2.40% | - | |||
| Total | 250,856 | 100% | 26 | |||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Muthanna Coalitions, IHEC Muthanna Results Archived 2013-11-01 at the Wayback Machine | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loyalty to Najaf | 118,310 | 29.33% | 9 | Adnan al-Zurufi | ||
| Citizens Alliance | 82,020 | 20.34% | 6 | Ammar al-Hakim | ||
| State of Law Coalition | 76,519 | 18.97% | 5 | Nouri al-Maliki | ||
| Liberal Coalition | 45,167 | 11.20% | 4 | Muqtada al-Sadr | ||
| Equitable State Movement | 25,889 | 6.42% | 2 | |||
| Najaf Province’s Change Coalition | 14,464 | 3.59% | 1 | |||
| National Partnership Gathering | 14,314 | 3.55% | 1 | |||
| Renaissance and Building Gathering | 8,521 | 2.11% | 1 | |||
| Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation | 7,571 | 1.88% | 1 | Hashim Al-Mosawy | ||
| Other parties | 10,546 | 2.61% | - | |||
| Total | 403,321 | 100% | 29 | |||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Najaf Coalitions, IHEC Najaf Results | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brotherhood and Coexistence Alliance List | 173,687 | 29.87% | 11 | |||
| Muttahidoon | 129,556 | 22.28% | 8 | Osama al-Nujaifi | ||
| Loyalty to Nineveh List | 66,517 | 11.44% | 4 | Saleh al-Mutlaq | ||
| United Nineveh | 45,971 | 7.91% | 3 | Sheikh Abdullah al-Yawer | ||
| Iraqi Construction and Justice Gathering | 39,126 | 3 | Deldar Zebari | |||
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 31,276 | 2 | Ayad Allawi | |||
| Nineveh's Bravery Coalition | 23,361 | 1 | ||||
| Nineveh's National Alliance | 22,734 | 1 | ||||
| Oum Rabih Tribes' National Gathering | 21,349 | 1 | Hassan Khulayf | |||
| Al Shabak Freemen Council | 12,689 | 1 | ||||
| Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress | 10,397 | 1 | ||||
| Iraqi People's Coalition | 8,633 | 1 | ||||
| Chaldean Syriac Assyrian Gathering Coalition | 8,635 | 1 | ||||
| Iraq's Benevolence and Generosity List | 8,076 | 1 | Dr Rushdi Said | |||
| Other parties | ||||||
| Total | 581,449 | 100% | 39 | |||
| Sources: al-Sumaria – Nineveh Coalitions, IHEC Archived 2017-08-09 at the Wayback Machine | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 114,697 | 8 | Nouri al-Maliki | |||
| Citizens Alliance | 66,691 | 5 | Ammar al-Hakim | |||
| Liberal Coalition | 50,544 | 4 | Muqtada al-Sadr | |||
| Al Diwaniyah People's Independent Coalition | 49,831 | 4 | Jaafar Mussa Zaalan Hachem | |||
| National White Bloc | 33,092 | 2 | Khudayr Sharif Khudayr Razam | |||
| Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation | 29,517 | 2 | Hashim Al-Mosawy | |||
| Loyalty to Iraq Coalition | 11,207 | 1 | Baqer Ali Shaalan Salman | |||
| Al Diwaniyah's Civil Alliance | 9,472 | 1 | Ali Fawzi Zaydan Kitn | |||
| Equitable State Movement | 8,141 | 1 | Ghanem Mekled Jalub Aziz | |||
| Other parties | ||||||
| Total | 100% | 28 | ||||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Al-Qādisiyyah Coalitions, IHEC Al-Qādisiyyah Results Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iraqi People's Coalition | 95,338 | 7 | Ahmed al-Juburi | |||
| Muttahidoon | 79,705 | 5 | Osama al-Nujaifi | |||
| Iraq's Authenticity Coalition | 66,549 | 5 | ||||
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 46,287 | 3 | Ayad Allawi | |||
| Salahuddine National Alliance | 39,447 | 3 | ||||
| Equality Front | 27,654 | |||||
| Arabian Al Iraqia | 24,167 | 2 | Saleh al-Mutlaq | |||
| Salahuddine Unified Coalition | 23,497 | 2 | Mukhlaf Audi Sueid Mukhlaf | |||
| Brotherhood and Coexistence Alliance List | 21,373 | 1 | Mohamed Chehab Mohamed Samin | |||
| Salahuddine Turkmen's list | 18,395 | 1 | Ali Hachem Nuri Hassan | |||
| Other parties | ||||||
| Total | 100% | 29 | ||||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Salah ad Din Coalitions, IHEC Salah ad Din Results | ||||||
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats | Party leader | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of Law Coalition | 96,664 | 27.22% | 7 | Nouri al-Maliki | ||
| Citizens Alliance | 86,403 | 24.33% | 7 | Ammar al-Hakim | ||
| Liberal Coalition | 63,584 | 17.91% | 5 | Muqtada al-Sadr | ||
| Loyal Hands’ Gathering | 29,969 | 8.44% | 2 | |||
| Social Justice State | 28,446 | 8.01% | 2 | |||
| Iraq's Benevolence and Generosity List | 13,678 | 3.85% | 1 | Dr Rushdi Said | ||
| Al Iraqia National and United Coalition | 13,055 | 3.68% | 1 | Ayad Allawi | ||
| Equitable State Movement | 8,447 | 2.38% | 1 | |||
| Civil Democratic Alliance in Waset | 8,420 | 2.37% | 1 | |||
| Feylis Kurds Brotherhood List | 2,212 | 0.62% | 1 | |||
| Other parties | 4,181 | 1.18% | ||||
| Total | 355,059 | 100% | 28 | |||
| Sources: ISW, al-Sumaria – Wasit Coalitions, IHEC Wasit Results | ||||||
References
edit- ^ Iraq announced provincial elections for April 2013. - UPI.com
- ^ "Iraq to hold local elections in April 2013 - NZweek". Archived from the original on 2013-01-30. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
- ^ Iraq sets date for local elections | Al-Shorfa
- ^ a b c Iraq’s new election officials: ‘Lots of people question our abilities’ - Niqash
- ^ ‘Election results so far: Low voter turnout, more compromises needed’ - Niqash
- ^ "Iraq postpones local elections in two provinces". Reuters. 19 March 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
- ^ Ali Abel Sadah (13 March 2013). "Iraqi Provincial Elections Postponed in Anbar". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
- ^ Ali Abel Sadah (22 March 2013). "Muqtada al-Sadr: Staying In Iraqi Government a 'Sin'". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
- ^ "Kerry chides Iraq over Iran flights to Syria". Al Jazeera. 24 March 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
- ^ Counting Begins After Delayed Iraqi Vote
- ^ Niqash – politics – new law says no place for smaller political parties in iraq
- ^ Weekly Iraq Update #44 | Institute for the Study of War
- ^ Iraq Adopts the Sainte-Lague Method for Its Election Law - Gulf Analysis
- ^ "IHEC extends the registration period for political coalitions - IHEC". Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2012-12-23.
- ^ As the Deadline for Forming Coalitions Expires, Maliki Creates Monster Sectarian Alliance for Iraq’s Local Elections in April 2013 - Gulf Analysis
- ^ "List of political coalition approved for election in provincial councils - IHEC" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-28. Retrieved 2013-06-02.
- ^ "Insecurity could hit Iraq provincial poll: Election official". Al Arabiya. 6 February 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
- ^ a b "Maliki Falls Short of Majority in Early Election Returns - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East".