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2017 Pakistani census

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The 2017 Census of Pakistan was a detailed enumeration of the Pakistani population which began on 15 March 2017 and ended on 25 May 2017. It was the first census taken in the country in the 21st century, nineteen years after the previous one in 1998, and it was carried out by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.

2017 Census of Pakistan
← 1998 15 March 2017 (2017-03-15) to 25 May 2017 (2017-05-25) 2023 →
General information
CountryPakistan
Topics
Census topics
  • People and population
  • Families and living arrangements
  • Language
  • Religion
  • Housing
AuthorityPakistan Bureau of Statistics
Websitewww.pbs.gov.pk
Results
Total population213,222,917 (Increase 56.5%)
Most populous ​provincePunjab (109,989,655)
Least populous ​provinceGilgit-Baltistan (1,492,924)

The census recorded a total population throughout the country of 213,222,917.[note 1] The results showed a massive population increase having occurred between 1998 and 2017 of 77.0 million people, or an increase of +56.5%.[note 2] The results also marked a significantly higher result compared to estimations made of the Pakistani population before the census, which had previously estimated the Pakistani population in 2017 to be between 195 million and 200 million.[4][5]

Controversies regarding this census, focused around the populations of Pakistan's largest city, Karachi and the province of Sindh, resulted in another census being scheduled early in the year 2023. The results of that census will be used to delimitate constituencies for the 2023 Pakistani general election.

Design

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Distribution of the phases of the Census

The 2017 Census of Pakistan was conducted by over 110,000 civilian staff along with security provided by over 200,000 personnel from the Pakistan Army.[6] Its budget was 18.5 Billion Pakistani Rupees, of which 6.0 Billion went to the armed forces, 6.5 billion was assigned for transportation and other related expenses, and 6.0 Billion was spent on training and re-enumeration.[7] Many questions were asked of each individual, most importantly: age, sex, marital status, religion, mother tongue, nationality, educational attainment, literacy, and employment status. Data was also collected regarding every single household in the country, such as the tenure, the building material, the year of construction, the source of water, and the source of light.[8]

It also was conducted in 2 phases. The first phase lasted from 15 March 2017 to 13 April 2017 and covered 53 districts of the country. The second phase began on 25 April 2017 and lasted until 24 May 2017 covering the remaining 88 districts. However, the census in the Islamabad Capital Territory and neighbouring districts of Attock and Rawalpindi, although included in the second phase, began on 30 March 2017 and concluded on 23 May 2017. Furthermore, for administrative purposes, the census in the Kech District of Balochistan was spread over both phases.[9] In certain, "snowbound" areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the enumeration took place in June 2017.[7]

Results

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Population of each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census
 
Population Density per square kilometre of each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census
 
Average Annual Population Growth Rate in each Pakistani District between 1998 and 2017 according to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
 
Median Age of each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census
 
Literacy Rate in each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census
 
Sex Ratio of each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census

While basic provisional results of the 2017 Census of Pakistan were released in late 2017 and early 2018, the final results of the census were publicly released throughout the spring and summer of 2021,[10][11][12] and they showed that in 2017, Pakistan had 213.2 Million residents.[note 1] Data for Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan was disseminated separately by the territories' own statistical agencies.[2][3]

Administrative Unit Population (1998) Population (2017) Percent Growth Annualized Growth
Khyber Pakthunkhwa 17,743,645 30,508,920   71.9%   2.89%
FATA[note 3] 3,176,331 4,993,044   57.2%   2.40%
Punjab 73,621,290 109,989,655   49.4%   2.13%
Sindh 30,439,893 47,854,510   57.2%   2.41%
Balochistan 6,565,855 12,335,129   87.9%   3.37%
ICT 805,235 2,003,368   148.8%   4.90%
Azad Kashmir 2,972,501 4,045,367   36.1%   1.63%
Gilgit-Baltistan 884,000 1,492,924   68.9%   2.79%
Four provinces and ICT 132,352,279 207,684,626   56.9%   2.40%
Total Pakistan 136,208,780 213,222,917   56.5%   2.38%
Population By Gender
Population Total 207,684,626
Males 106,018,220
Females 101,344,632
Transgender 21,744

City

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The population of 10 major cities of the country has increased by 74.4 percent since 1998, when the last census was conducted, according to the data of recently concluded 6th Population and Housing Census 2017.

The total population of the 10 cities surged to 40,956,232 individuals as per the 2017 census from 23,475,067 registered during the 1998 census, the data revealed.[13][14][15]

Rank City Population (1998 census) Population (2017 census) Population (2022 Estimation) Change of Growth Province
1 Karachi 9,856,318 16,051,521 [16] 21,980,000 62.86% Sindh
2 Lahore 5,143,495 11,126,285  14,286,000 116.32% Punjab
3 Faisalabad 2,008,861 3,203,846 3,400,700 59.49% Punjab
4 Rawalpindi 1,409,768 2,098,231 2,900,000 48.84% Punjab
5 Gujranwala 1,132,509 2,027,001 2,588,499 78.98% Punjab
6 Peshawar 982,816 1,970,042 2,458,275 100.45% Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa
7 Multan 1,197,384 1,871,843  1,986,000 56.33% Punjab
8 Hyderabad 1,166,894 1,732,693 1,872,683 48.49% Sindh
9 Islamabad 529,180 1,014,825 2,250,000 91.77% Islamabad Capital Territory
10 Quetta 565,137 1,001,205 1,105,000 77.16% Balochistan

Population Pyramids

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Population Pyramids of each Pakistani province and nationwide as of the 2017 Pakistan Census.

 
Nationwide Population Pyramid
Population Pyramids by Pakistani province

Controversies

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Sindh population

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The Sindh Assembly refused to accept the results of the 2017 census, stating that millions of people were shown with double addresses and counted in their home provinces despite living and working in Sindh.[17] In April 2018, Mustafa Kamal, chairman of the Pak Sarzameen Party and former Mayor of Karachi, challenged the results of the 2017 census in the Supreme Court, seeking a third-party audit of the national census. Kamal pleaded that records from the National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA) showed the population of Karachi to be 20.15 million, rather than 16 million as shown in the census.[18]

FATA population

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Shahab Uddin Khan, a Member of the National Assembly (MNA) from Bajaur Agency, has stated he believes that a large number of people displaced from the Mamund and Nawagai regions due to security operations have not been counted by the census. He has stated he intends to challenge the census in court. Bismillah Khan, an MNA from Bajaur Agency, has stated he believes the population of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas is double of what is reflected in the census. He added that he will take up the issue with the federal government along with other lawmakers. Sajid Hussain Turi, an MNA from Khyber Agency, claimed that more than three million people from FATA are living in other cities in the country due to military operations, and expressed concern that developmental work in the region could be underfunded if the population is underestimated by the census.[19]

Political opposition

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Syed Khurshid Ahmed Shah of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), Former Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly, questioned the provisional census results. He issued a statement demanding that data collected by the statistics division should be compared to data from the Pakistan Army. PPP leader Nawab Muhammad Yousuf accused authorities of doctoring the results, alleging that the population of Sindh had been intentionally underestimated by at least 10 million and the population of Punjab had been overestimated by 10 million. He described the results as an attempt to usurp the rights of Sindh. PPP Senator Mukhtiar Ahmed Dhamrah disputed the population of Karachi and Lahore reported in the preliminary results.[20]

Bushra Gohar, leader of Awami National Party (ANP), pointed out in a tweet[21] that the reported population of around 5 million for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas seems contradictory to the fact that there have been nearly 2 million internally displaced persons registered from North Waziristan alone.[20]

Chief Census Commissioner Asif Bajwa rejected allegations that the census results had been manipulated and that the population of Karachi had been intentionally understated. He stated that the populations of Karachi and Lahore were counted as per the record of national identity cards and voter lists and that the census data had already been verified with statistics recorded by the army.[22]

Religious demographics

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Main article: Religion in Pakistan

Religion in Pakistan (2017 Official Census)

  Islam (96.47%)
  Hinduism (2.14%)
  Christianity (1.27%)
  Ahmadiyya (0.1%)
  Other Religions (0.02%)

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics released religious data of Pakistan Census 2017 on 19 May 2021.[23] 96.47% are Muslims, followed by 2.14% Hindus, 1.27% Christians, 0.09% Ahmadis and 0.02% others.

These are some maps of religious minority groups. The 2017 census showed an increasing share in Hinduism, mainly caused by a higher birth rate among the impoverished Hindus of Sindh province. This census also recorded Pakistan's first Hindu-majority district, called Umerkot District, where Muslims were previously the majority.

On the other hand, Christianity in Pakistan, while increasing in raw numbers, has fallen significantly in percentage terms since the last census. This is due to Pakistani Christians having a significantly lower fertility rate than Pakistani Muslims and Pakistani Hindus as well as them being concentrated in the most developed parts of Pakistan, Lahore District (over 5% Christian), Islamabad Capital Territory (over 4% Christian), and Northern Punjab.

The Ahmadiyya movement shrunk in size (both raw numbers and percentage) between 1998 and 2017, while remaining concentrated in Lalian Tehsil, Chiniot District, where approximately 13% of the population is Ahmadiyya.

Here are some maps of Pakistan's religious minority groups as of the 2017 census by district:

 
Hindu Proportion of each Pakistani District in 2017 as of the 2017 Pakistan Census
 
Christian Proportion of each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census
 
Ahmadiyya Proportion of each Pakistani District as of the 2017 Pakistan Census

Virtually all people not belonging to one of these minority groups were Sunni or Shia Muslim, with the most religiously homogeneous areas found in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Language demographics

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Main article: Languages of Pakistan

Languages of Pakistan (2017)

  Punjabi (38.78%)
  Pashto (18.24%)
  Sindhi (14.57%)
  Saraiki (12.19%)
  Urdu (7.08%)
  Balochi (3.02%)
  Hindko (2.24%)
  Brahui (1.24%)
  Others (2.65%)

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics released language data of Pakistan Census 2017 on 19 May 2021.[23] 7.08% of the Pakistani people mentioned Urdu as their mother language, 38.78% Punjabi, 14.57% Sindhi, 18.24% Pashto, 3.02% Balochi, 0.17% Kashmiri, 12.19% Saraiki, 2.44% Hindko, 1.24% Brahui and 2.26% others.

Security incidents

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  •   21 March 2017 – a census team came under attack from villagers in the Gandheri area of Nowshera. The aggressors were apprehended and their arms were confiscated.[24]
  •   25 March 2017 – a policeman deputed on census team's security in Charsadda was injured when he was fired at by an attacker. In retaliatory fire, the attacker was injured and arrested.[25]
  •   5 April 2017 – a census team was targeted in a suicide attack on Lahore's Bedian Road. 7 members of the team were slain – including two enumerators and 5 army personnel on security and reconnaissance duty.[26]
  •   25 April 2017 – a Levies personnel providing security to the census team was killed while another was injured as they came under attack from gunmen in Kallag Kollanch area of Gwadar. The Balochistan Liberation Front claimed responsibility for the attack.[27]
  •   26 April 2017 – a passenger van carrying civilians and a census team hit a land-mine in Kurram Agency. 14 civilians were killed while 9 people were injured, among them 2 census workers and 4 Khasadar officials.[28]
  •   5 May 2017 – a census team performing its duties in villages in Chaman near the Afghan-Pakistan border was unilaterally attacked by Afghan forces. Two security personnel with the team were killed along with 10 civilians.[29][30]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b The population of the four provinces and the Islamabad Capital Territory being 207,684,626,[1] the population of Azad Jammu & Kashmir being 4,045,367,[2] and the population of Gilgit-Baltistan being 1,492,924.[3]
  2. ^ In 1998, the population of the four provinces and Islamabad Capital Territory being 132,352,279,[1] the population of Azad Jammu & Kashmir being 2,972,501,[2] and the population of Gilgit-Baltistan being 884,000.[3] This is a total of 136,208,780.
  3. ^ Now defunct, having been merged into the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

References

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  1. ^ a b "TABLE – 1 AREA, POPULATION BY SEX, SEX RATIO, POPULATION DENSITY, URBAN PROPORTION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE AND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE" (PDF). National.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 19 May 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Statistical Yearook 2020" (PDF). Statistical Yearbook 2020.pdf. AJ&K Bureau of Statistics Planning & Development Department. 5 January 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  3. ^ a b c "GILGIT-BALTISTAN at a GLANCE 2020" (PDF). Gilgit Baltistan at a Glance New Design.cdr. Government of Gilgit-Baltistan Planning & Development Department Statistical & Research Cell (SRC). 20 January 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  4. ^ "Gross Domestic Product of Pakistan (at current basic prices)" (PDF). Table_4.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 20 August 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  5. ^ "Download Files". World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations. United Nations. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  6. ^ "Census to start from 15th with Pak Army support". Census to start from 15th with Pak Army support – Daily Times. Daily Times. 12 March 2017. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Population and Housing Census – 2017 Report" (PDF). NCR Pakistan.pdf. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 25 August 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  8. ^ "GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN POPULATION CENSUS ORGANIZATION 6th POPULATION & HOUSING CENSUS". Short_Form_2.jpg. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 16 September 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  9. ^ "Distribution of Districts in Phases". Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  10. ^ "Final Results (Census-2017)". Final Results (Census-2017) | Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. April 2021. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  11. ^ "Final Results of Census-2017". Final Results of Census-2017 | Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2021. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  12. ^ "District Wise Results/Tables (Census-2017)". District Wise Results/Tables (Census-2017) | Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2021. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
  13. ^ "Ten major cities' population up by 74pc". Retrieved 6 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Daily Mashriq" (in Urdu). Archived from the original on 22 September 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
  15. ^ "District Wise Census Results Census 2017" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 August 2017.
  16. ^ "Pakistan Bureau of Statistics" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  17. ^ Ghori, Habib Khan (3 November 2017). "Sindh Assembly refuses to accept census results". Dawn. Karachi, Pakistan: Pakistan Herald Publications. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  18. ^ "Mustafa Kamal challenges census 2017 results in SC". Daily Pakistan. 25 April 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  19. ^ Ullah, Izhar (26 August 2017). "Census 2017: FATA lawmakers dispute census count". The Express Tribune. Karachi, Pakistan. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  20. ^ a b Khan, Iftikhar A. (27 August 2017). "Opposition parties suspicious of census results". Dawn. Karachi, Pakistan: Pakistan Herald Publications. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  21. ^ @BushraGohar (26 August 2017). "There were nearly 2 million registered IDPs from North Waziristan alone. How can FATA's population be just 5 millio…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  22. ^ Guramani, Nadir (10 November 2017). "Census commissioner rejects political parties' concerns". Dawn. Karachi, Pakistan: Pakistan Herald Publications. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  23. ^ a b "Pakistan's population is 207.68m, shows 2017 census result". 19 May 2021.
  24. ^ "Census team attacked in Nowshera". Dawn.com. 25 March 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.
  25. ^ "Census team attacked in Charsadda, policeman injured". Dawn.com. 21 March 2017.
  26. ^ "5 armed forces personnel slain in Lahore blast targeting census team". Dawn. 5 April 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  27. ^ Baloch, Behram (25 April 2017). "Security man tasked to guard census team loses life in attack". Dawn.com.
  28. ^ Firdous, Iftikhar (24 April 2017). "14 killed as passenger van hits landmine in Kurram Agency". The Express Tribune.
  29. ^ Shahid, Saleem (6 May 2017). "12 dead, 40 hurt in Afghan attack during census". Dawn.com. Retrieved 9 May 2017.
  30. ^ "Clash erupts on Afghan-Pakistan border". BBC News. 5 May 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
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