344 BC

Year 344 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rutilus and Torquatus (or, less frequently, year 410 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 344 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	5th century BC 4th century BC 3rd century BC
Decades:	360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC
Years:	347 BC 346 BC 345 BC 344 BC 343 BC 342 BC 341 BC

344 BC in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	344 BC CCCXLIV BC
Ab urbe condita	410
Ancient Egypt era	XXX dynasty, 37
- Pharaoh	Nectanebo II, 17
Ancient Greek era	109th Olympiad (victor)¹
Assyrian calendar	4407
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−936
Berber calendar	607
Buddhist calendar	201
Burmese calendar	−981
Byzantine calendar	5165–5166
Chinese calendar	丙子年 (Fire Rat) 2354 or 2147     — to — 丁丑年 (Fire Ox) 2355 or 2148
Coptic calendar	−627 – −626
Discordian calendar	823
Ethiopian calendar	−351 – −350
Hebrew calendar	3417–3418
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	−287 – −286
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	2757–2758
Holocene calendar	9657
Iranian calendar	965 BP – 964 BP
Islamic calendar	995 BH – 994 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	N/A
Korean calendar	1990
Minguo calendar	2255 before ROC 民前2255年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1811
Thai solar calendar	199–200
Tibetan calendar	阳火鼠年 (male Fire-Rat) −217 or −598 or −1370     — to — 阴火牛年 (female Fire-Ox) −216 or −597 or −1369

Events

By place

Persian Empire

• The king of Caria, Idrieus, dies, leaving the Persian satrapy, by his will, to his sister Ada, to whom he was married.

Greece

• Philip II of Macedon besieges Perinthus, which had defied him and was inclining towards his opponents the Athenians, the Perinthian's allies Byzantium and the Achaemenid Empire support Perinthus in their defence of the city.
• Philip divides his army, leaving one part to besiege Perinthus and taking the other to besiege Byzantium.
• The Athenian statesman, Demosthenes, travels to Peloponnesus, in order to detach as many cities as possible from Macedon's influence, but his efforts are generally unsuccessful. Most of the Peloponnesians see Philip II as the guarantor of their freedom, so they send a joint embassy to Athens to express their grievances against Demosthenes' activities. In response to these complaints, Demosthenes delivers the Second Philippic, which is a vehement attack against Philip II.

Sicily

• The aristocracy of Syracuse appeal to their mother city of Corinth against their tyrant Dionysius II. The Corinthian general Timoleon is chosen to lead a liberation force to Sicily. Landing at Tauromenium (Taormina) on March 21st, Timoleon faces two armies, one under Dionysius and the other under Hicetas (tyrant of nearby Leontini), who has also called in Carthaginian forces. By shrewd tactics Timoleon defeats his enemies and occupies Syracuse.
• Dionysius II goes into exile once more after the successful invasion by Timoleon of Corinth.

By topic

Science

• The Greek philosopher and scientist, Aristotle, travels from Assus to Lesbos to study natural history, especially marine biology.

Deaths

• Idrieus, king of Caria