4,4'-diapophytoene synthase (EC 2.5.1.96, dehydrosqualene synthase, DAP synthase, C30 carotene synthase, CrtM) is an enzyme with systematic name farnesyl-diphosphate:farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase (4,4'-diapophytoene forming).[1][2][3][4] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
| 4,4'-diapophytoene synthase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 2.5.1.96 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| |||||||||
- 2 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate 4,4'-diapophytoene + 2 diphosphate (overall reaction)
- (1a) 2 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate diphosphate + presqualene diphosphate
- (1b) presqualene diphosphate 4,4'-diapophytoene + diphosphate
This enzyme requires Mn2+. It is present in Staphylococcus aureus and some other bacteria such as Heliobacillus sp.
References
edit- ^ Umeno D, Tobias AV, Arnold FH (December 2002). "Evolution of the C30 carotenoid synthase CrtM for function in a C40 pathway". Journal of Bacteriology. 184 (23): 6690–9. doi:10.1128/jb.184.23.6690-6699.2002. PMC 135437. PMID 12426357.
- ^ Pelz A, Wieland KP, Putzbach K, Hentschel P, Albert K, Götz F (September 2005). "Structure and biosynthesis of staphyloxanthin from Staphylococcus aureus". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (37): 32493–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M505070200. PMID 16020541.
- ^ Ku B, Jeong JC, Mijts BN, Schmidt-Dannert C, Dordick JS (November 2005). "Preparation, characterization, and optimization of an in vitro C30 carotenoid pathway". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 71 (11): 6578–83. doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.6578-6583.2005. PMC 1287715. PMID 16269684.
- ^ Liu CI, Liu GY, Song Y, Yin F, Hensler ME, Jeng WY, Nizet V, Wang AH, Oldfield E (March 2008). "A cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor blocks Staphylococcus aureus virulence". Science. 319 (5868): 1391–4. doi:10.1126/science.1153018. PMC 2747771. PMID 18276850.
External links
edit- 4,4'-diapophytoene+synthase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
