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5th Ohio Infantry Regiment

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The 5th Ohio Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from southwestern Ohio that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War, serving in both the Eastern and Western Theaters in a series of campaigns and battles. It was noted for its holding the high ground at the center of the line at Antietam as part of Tyndale's 1st Brigade, Greene's 2nd Division of Mansfield's XII Corps.[2]

5th Ohio Infantry Regiment
Active1861–1865
CountryUnited States
AllegianceUnion
BranchVolunteer Army, American Civil War
TypeInfantry
Size1,080 soldiers (July 1861)[1]
Engagements
Insignia
2nd Division, XX Corps, Army of the Cumberland
5th Ohio Infantry Monument, Gettysburg Battlefield.

Organization and service

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The 5th Ohio Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Harrison near Cincinnati on 20 April 1861, for three months service. The men were mustered into service on 8 May. The regiment moved to Camp Dennison on 23 May, and was on duty there until 20 June.

After its initial term of enlistment expired, the regiment was reorganized on 20 June 1861, for three years, under Colonel Samuel H. Dunning. The remaining three-months men who did not re-enlist in the new regiment were mustered out on 24 July.

The regiment served in western Virginia for most of the balance of the year. In 1862, the regiment was sent into Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, where it suffered significant casualties during First Battle of Kernstown in March. At the subsequent Battle of Port Republic on 9 June, the Buckeyes lost 244 killed, wounded and prisoners. Its ranks much depleted from the Valley Campaign, the regiment served in the defenses of Washington, D.C. under John Pope and participated in the Northern Virginia Campaign.[3]

The 5th Ohio Infantry was heavily involved in the fighting at the Battle of Antietam on 17 September 1862. It was part of Major General Joseph Mansfield's XII Corps and Lt. Col. Hector Tyndale's Brigade, along with the 7th Ohio Infantry, 66th Ohio Infantry, and 28th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiments. Entering the battle in support of Joseph Hooker's I Corps, Tyndale's brigade inflicted heavy casualties on Alfred H. Colquitt's brigade and helped drive the Confederates out of the Cornfield. Pushing the Confederates south to the Dunker Church, Tyndale's men held the area until the afternoon when lack of support, heavy losses and low ammunition compelled them to retreat.[4]

In 1863, the partially replenished 5th Ohio Infantry fought in the Army of the Potomac at Chancellorsville and then served in the Gettysburg Campaign. Transferred later in the summer to the Western Theater and becoming part of the XX Corps under Joseph Hooker, the regiment participated in the Battle of Lookout Mountain near Chattanooga, Tennessee.

The following year, the regiment served in the forces under William T. Sherman in the Atlanta Campaign and was part of Sherman's March to the Sea and the subsequent operations against Confederate-held Savannah, Georgia. In the spring of 1865, the regiment served in the Carolinas Campaign.

During the Civil War, the 5th Ohio Infantry participated in 28 battles and sustained a loss of more than 500 men killed, wounded and prisoners.[3]

See also

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References

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Citations

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  1. ^ Cunningham & Miller (1904), p. 30.
  2. ^ Bailey (1984), p. 140; Carman (2019), p. 105.
  3. ^ a b Stevens, Larry, Ohio in the Civil War: 5th OVI Retrieved 28 October 2008
  4. ^ Priest, John Michael. Antietam: The Soldiers' Battle. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.

Sources

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  • Bailey, Ronald H. (1984). The Bloodiest Day: The Battle of Antietam. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books. ISBN 0-8094-4740-1.
  • Baumgartner, Richard A. (2003). Buckeye Blood: Ohio at Gettysburg. Great Lakes Connections: The Civil War. Huntington, WV: Blue Acorn Press. p. 253. ISBN 978-1-885033-29-1. OCLC 51110579. Retrieved 4 October 2024.
  • Carman, Ezra A. (2019). The West Woods to Bloody Lane (eBook). Visual Antietam: Ezra Carman's Antietam Through Maps and Pictures. Vol. 2 (Kindle ed.). Lilburn, GA: Historic Imagination LLC. p. 280. ISBN 9781732597617. OCLC 1112386435. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  • Cunningham, David; Miller, Wells W. (1904). Antietam: Report of the Ohio Antietam Battlefield Commission (pdf). Springfield, OH: Springfield Publishing Company, State Printers. p. 30. LCCN 05032727. OCLC 820405.
  • Dyer, Frederick Henry (1908). A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (PDF). Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co. pp. 1497–1498. ASIN B01BUFJ76Q. LCCN 09005239. OCLC 8697590. Retrieved 8 August 2015.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  • Federal Publishing Company (1908). Military Affairs and Regimental Histories of New York, Maryland, West Virginia, And Ohio (PDF). The Union Army: A History of Military Affairs in the Loyal States, 1861–65 – Records of the Regiments in the Union army – Cyclopedia of battles – Memoirs of Commanders and Soldiers. Vol. II. Madison, WI: Federal Publishing Company. pp. 355–356. OCLC 1086145633. Retrieved 10 October 2024.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  • Ohio Roster Commission (1893). 1861 Three-Month Organizations — 1st–22nd Regiments, Etc. Official Roster of the Soldiers of the State of Ohio in the War on the Rebellion, 1861–1865. Vol. I. Akron, OH: The Werner Company. pp. 89–110. hdl:2027/mdp.39015004198746. OCLC 633556.
  • Ohio Roster Commission (1886). 1st–20th Regiments-Infantry. Official Roster of the Soldiers of the State of Ohio in the War on the Rebellion, 1861–1865. Vol. II. Cincinnati, OH: Wilstach Baldwin & Co. pp. 121–170. hdl:2027/mdp.39015004198787. OCLC 633556.
  • Reid, Whitelaw (1868). The History of Her Regiments, and Other Military Organizations. Ohio in the War: Her Statesmen, Her Generals, and Soldiers. Vol. II. Cincinnati, OH: Moore, Wilstach, & Baldwin. pp. 40–47. ISBN 9781154801965. OCLC 11632330.
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