60 metres, or 60-meter dash, is a sprint event in track and field. It is a championship event for indoor championships, normally dominated by the best outdoor 100 metres runners. At indoor events, the 60 metres is run on lanes set out in the middle of the 'field', as is the hurdles event over the same distance, thus avoiding some of the effects of the banked track encircling the venue, upon which other track events in indoor events are run. At outdoor venues it is a rare distance, at least for senior athletes. The format of the event is similar to other sprint distances. The sprinters follow three initial instructions: 'on your marks', instructing them to take up position in the starting blocks; 'set', instructing them to adopt a more efficient starting posture, which also isometrically preloads their muscles. This will enable them to start faster. The final instruction is the firing of the starter's pistol. Upon hearing this the sprinters stride forwards from the blocks.

Athletics
60 metres
World records
MenUnited States Christian Coleman 6.34 A (2018)
WomenRussia Irina Privalova 6.92 (1993, 1995)
World Indoor Championship records
MenUnited States Christian Coleman 6.37 (2018)
WomenUnited States Gail Devers 6.95 (1993)
A 60-metre race in Valencia in 2005

The 60 metres was an Olympic event in the 1900 and 1904 Summer Games but was removed from the schedule thereafter. American Christian Coleman currently holds the men's world record in the 60 metres with a time of 6.34 seconds,[1] while Russian Irina Privalova holds the women's world record at 6.92.

At the 2020 Tokyo Olympics semi-finals, Su Bingtian ran the fastest 60 m split of all-time and the fastest 60 m ever recorded under any conditions with a time of 6.29 seconds.[2]

In the past, it was common for athletes to compete in the 60 yards (54.86 m) race. This is not part of the lineage of the 60 metres, but is the predecessor of the 55 metres race. 60 metres is 65.6168 yards.

Area records

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Updated 3 March 2024.[3][4]

Area Men Women
Time (s) Athlete Nation Time (s) Athlete Nation
Africa 6.45 A Leonard Myles-Mills   Ghana 6.97 Murielle Ahouré   Ivory Coast
Asia 6.42 Su Bingtian   China 7.09 Susanthika Jayasinghe   Sri Lanka
Europe 6.41 Marcell Jacobs   Italy 6.92 Irina Privalova   Russia
North, Central America
and Caribbean
6.34 A Christian Coleman   United States 6.94 A Aleia Hobbs
Julien Alfred
  United States
  Saint Lucia
Oceania 6.52 Matthew Shirvington   Australia 7.06 Zoe Hobbs   New Zealand
South America 6.52 José Carlos Moreira   Brazil 7.14 Vitoria Cristina Rosa   Brazil

All-time top 25

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Indoor results only

Tables show data for two definitions of "Top 25" - the top 25 60m times and the top 25 athletes:
- denotes top performance for athletes in the top 25 60m times
- denotes lesser performances, still in the top 25 60m times, by repeat athletes
- denotes top performance (only) for other top 25 athletes who fall outside the top 25 60m times

Updated April 2024.[5]

Ath.# Perf.# Time (s) Athlete Nation Date Place Ref.
1 1 6.34 A Christian Coleman   United States 18 February 2018 Albuquerque [1]
2 6.37 Coleman #2 19 January 2018 Clemson
Coleman #3 3 March 2018 Birmingham [6]
2 4 6.39 Maurice Greene   United States 3 February 1998 Madrid
4 6.39 Greene #2 3 March 2001 Atlanta
6 6.40 Greene #3 27 February 1999 Atlanta
3 6 6.40 A Ronnie Baker   United States 18 February 2018 Albuquerque [1]
4 8 6.41 Andre Cason   United States 14 February 1992 Madrid
8 6.41 Greene #4 1 February 1998 Stuttgart
5 8 6.41 Marcell Jacobs   Italy 19 March 2022 Belgrade [7]
8 6.41 Coleman #4 19 March 2022 Belgrade [7]
Coleman #5 1 March 2024 Glasgow [8]
13 6.42 Greene #5 7 March 1999 Maebashi
6 13 6.42 Dwain Chambers   Great Britain 7 March 2009 Turin
13 6.42 A Coleman #6 18 February 2018 Albuquerque [1]
7 13 6.42 Su Bingtian   China 3 March 2018 Birmingham [6]
Trayvon Bromell   United States 10 February 2023 Clemson [9]
18 6.43 Greene #6 1 February 1998 Stuttgart
9 18 6.43 Tim Harden   United States 7 March 1999 Maebashi
18 6.43 Su #2 6 February 2018 Düsseldorf
10 18 6.43 A Noah Lyles   United States 17 February 2024 Albuquerque [10]
18 6.43 Coleman #7 1 March 2024 Glasgow [8]
23 6.44 Harden #2 27 February 1999 Atlanta
Harden #3 11 March 2001 Lisbon
11 23 6.44 Asafa Powell   Jamaica 18 March 2016 Portland [11]
23 6.44 Powell #2 18 March 2016 Portland [12]
Baker #2 3 March 2018 Birmingham
Baker #3 19 February 2020 Liévin
Baker #4 21 February 2020 Madrid
12 23 6.44 Marvin Bracy   United States 19 March 2022 Belgrade [7]
23 6.44 Lyles #2 4 February 2024 Boston [13]
6.44 A Coleman #8 17 February 2024 Albuquerque [10]
6.44 Lyles #3 1 March 2024 Glasgow [8]
13 6.45 Bruny Surin   Canada 13 February 1993 Liévin
6.45 A Leonard Myles-Mills   Ghana 20 February 1999 Colorado Springs
Terrence Trammell   United States 17 February 2001 Pocatello
6.45 Justin Gatlin   United States 1 March 2003 Boston
Ronald Pognon   France 13 February 2005 Karlsruhe
6.45 A Trell Kimmons   United States 26 February 2012 Albuquerque
6.45 Terrence Jones   Bahamas 15 January 2022 Lubbock [14]
Ackeem Blake   Jamaica 4 February 2024 Boston [15]
21 6.46 Jon Drummond   United States 1 February 1998 Stuttgart
6.46 A Marcus Brunson   United States 30 January 1999 Flagstaff
6.46 Jason Gardener   Great Britain 7 March 1999 Maebashi
Tim Montgomery   United States 11 March 2001 Lisbon
Leonard Scott   United States 26 February 2005 Liévin

Note: The following athletes have had their performances annulled due to doping offences:

Time (s) Athlete Nation Date Place Ref
6.41 Ben Johnson   Canada 7 March 1987 Indianapolis [16]

Outdoor best performances

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+ = en route to 100 m mark

Rank Time (s) Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Date Place Ref
1 6.29+ (calculated) +0.9 Su Bingtian   China 1 August 2021 Tokyo [17][18]
2 6.31+ (calculated) +0.9 Usain Bolt   Jamaica 16 August 2009 Berlin [19][20]
3 6.32+ (calculated) +1.7 Asafa Powell   Jamaica 9 September 2007 Rieti [21]
+1.7 Usain Bolt   Jamaica 31 May 2008 New York City [22]
0.0 Usain Bolt   Jamaica 16 August 2008 Beijing [23]
+0.2 Asafa Powell   Jamaica 2 September 2009 Lausanne [24]
+1.5 Usain Bolt   Jamaica 5 August 2012 London [25]
+0.6 Christian Coleman   United States 28 September 2019 Doha [26]
9 6.33+ (calculated) −0.2 Maurice Greene   United States 5 August 2001 Edmonton [27]
−0.1 Yohan Blake   Jamaica 23 August 2012 Lausanne [28]
11 6.34+ (calculated) +0.9 Justin Gatlin   United States 23 August 2015 Beijing [29]

Note: The following athletes have had their associated 100 m performances annulled due to doping offences:

Time (s) Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Date Place Ref
6.33+ (calculated) +1.1 Ben Johnson   Canada 24 September 1988 Seoul [30]

Women

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Updated March 2024.[31]

Ath.# Perf.# Time (s) Athlete Nation Date Place Ref.
1 1 6.92 Irina Privalova   Russia 11 February 1993 Madrid
1 6.92 Privalova #2 9 February 1995 Madrid
3 6.93 Privalova #3 13 February 1994 Liévin
4 6.94 Privalova #4 19 February 1995 Liévin
2 4 6.94 A Aleia Hobbs   United States 18 February 2023 Albuquerque [32]
Julien Alfred   Saint Lucia 11 March 2023 Albuquerque [33]
4 6 6.95 Gail Devers   United States 12 March 1993 Toronto
6 6.95 Privalova #5 6 February 1994 Vienna
Privalova #6 14 February 1995 Moscow
5 6 6.95 Marion Jones   United States 7 March 1998 Maebashi
6 10 6.96 Merlene Ottey   Jamaica 14 February 1992 Madrid
10 6.96 Privalova #7 11 February 1993 Madrid
7 10 6.96 Ekaterini Thanou   Greece 7 March 1999 Maebashi
Mujinga Kambundji   Switzerland 18 March 2022 Belgrade [34]
10 6.96 A Alfred #2 10 March 2023 Albuquerque [35]
15 6.97 Privalova #8 14 February 1992 Madrid
Privalova #9 12 March 1993 Toronto
Privalova #10 11 February 1994 Madrid
Privalova #11 12 February 1995 Ghent
Ottey #2 19 February 1995 Liévin
Ottey #3 10 March 1995 Ghent
9 15 6.97 LaVerne Jones-Ferrette   United States Virgin Islands 6 February 2010 Stuttgart
Murielle Ahouré   Ivory Coast 2 March 2018 Birmingham [36]
15 6.97 Alfred #3 25 February 2023 Lubbock [37]
24 6.98 Privalova #12 27 February 1993 Moscow
Devers #2 21 February 1999 Liévin
11 24 6.98 Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce   Jamaica 9 March 2014 Sopot [38]
Elaine Thompson-Herah   Jamaica 18 February 2017 Birmingham [39]
24 6.98 Hobbs #2 28 January 2023 Fayetteville [40]
11 24 6.98 Ewa Swoboda   Poland 2 March 2024 Glasgow [41]
24 6.98 Alfred #4 2 March 2024 Glasgow [42]
14 6.99 Mikiah Brisco   United States 18 March 2022 Belgrade [34]
15 7.00 Nelli Cooman   Netherlands 23 February 1986 Madrid
Veronica Campbell-Brown   Jamaica 14 March 2010 Doha
Dafne Schippers   Netherlands 13 February 2016 Berlin [43]
Barbara Pierre   United States 12 March 2016 Portland [44]
19 7.01 Savatheda Fynes   Bahamas 7 March 1999 Maebashi
Me'Lisa Barber   United States 10 March 2006 Moscow
Lauryn Williams   United States 10 March 2006 Moscow
22 7.02 Gwen Torrence   United States 2 February 1996 New York City
Christy Opara-Thompson   Nigeria 12 February 1997 Ghent
Chioma Ajunwa   Nigeria 22 February 1998 Liévin
Philomena Mensah   Canada 7 March 1999 Maebashi
7.02 A Carmelita Jeter   United States 28 February 2010 Albuquerque
7.02 Tianna Madison   United States 11 February 2012 Fayetteville
7.02 A Javianne Oliver   United States 18 February 2018 Albuquerque [1]
7.02 Marie-Josée Ta Lou   Ivory Coast 20 February 2019 Düsseldorf [45]
Zaynab Dosso   Italy 6 February 2024 Toruń [46]

Outdoor best performances

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+ = en route to 100 m mark

Rank Time (s) Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Date Place Ref
1 6.81+ (calculated) +0.1 Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce   Jamaica 29 September 2019 Doha [47]
2 6.85+ (calculated) −0.1 Marion Jones   United States 22 August 1999 Seville
3 6.87+ (calculated) 0.0 Florence Griffith-Joyner   United States 16 July 1988 Indianapolis [48]
+0.9 Elaine Thompson-Herah   Jamaica 21 August 2021 Eugene [49]
5 6.91+ (calculated) +0.1 Dina Asher-Smith   Great Britain 29 September 2019 Doha [47]

Olympic medalists

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Games Gold Silver Bronze
1900 Paris
details
  Alvin Kraenzlein (USA)   Walter Tewksbury (USA)   Stan Rowley (AUS)
1904 St. Louis
details
  Archie Hahn (USA)   William Hogenson (USA)   Fay Moulton (USA)

World Indoor Championships medalists

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Games Gold Silver Bronze
1985 Parisa
details
  Ben Johnson (CAN)   Sam Graddy (USA)   Ronald Desruelles (BEL)
1987 Indianapolis
details
  Lee McRae (USA) b   Mark Witherspoon (USA)   Pierfrancesco Pavoni (ITA)
1989 Budapest
details
  Andrés Simón (CUB)   John Myles-Mills (GHA)   Pierfrancesco Pavoni (ITA)
1991 Seville
details
  Andre Cason (USA)   Linford Christie (GBR)   Chidi Imo (NGR)
1993 Toronto
details
  Bruny Surin (CAN)   Frankie Fredericks (NAM)   Talal Mansour (QAT)
1995 Barcelona
details
  Bruny Surin (CAN)   Darren Braithwaite (GBR)   Robert Esmie (CAN)
1997 Paris
details
  Haralabos Papadias (GRE)   Michael Green (JAM)   Davidson Ezinwa (NGR)
1999 Maebashi
details
  Maurice Greene (USA)   Tim Harden (USA)   Jason Gardener (GBR)
2001 Lisbon
details
  Tim Harden (USA)   Tim Montgomery (USA)   Mark Lewis-Francis (GBR)
2003 Birmingham
details
  Justin Gatlin (USA)   Kim Collins (SKN)   Jason Gardener (GBR)
2004 Budapest
details
  Jason Gardener (GBR)   Shawn Crawford (USA)   Georgios Theodoridis (GRE)
2006 Moscow
details
  Leonard Scott (USA)   Andrey Epishin (RUS)   Terrence Trammell (USA)
2008 Valencia
details
  Olusoji Fasuba (NGR)   Kim Collins (SKN)
  Dwain Chambers (GBR)
none awarded
2010 Doha
details
  Dwain Chambers (GBR)   Mike Rodgers (USA)   Daniel Bailey (ATG)
2012 Istanbul
details
  Justin Gatlin (USA)   Nesta Carter (JAM)   Dwain Chambers (GBR)
2014 Sopot
details
  Richard Kilty (GBR)   Marvin Bracy (USA)   Femi Ogunode (QAT)
2016 Portland
details
  Trayvon Bromell (USA)   Asafa Powell (JAM)   Ramon Gittens (BAR)
2018 Birmingham
details
  Christian Coleman (USA)   Su Bingtian (CHN)   Ronnie Baker (USA)
2022 Belgrade
details
  Marcell Jacobs (ITA)   Christian Coleman (USA)   Marvin Bracy (USA)
2024 Glasgow
details
  Christian Coleman (USA)   Noah Lyles (USA)   Ackeem Blake (JAM)

a The event was known as the World Indoor Games in 1985.
b Ben Johnson of Canada originally won the gold medal, but he was disqualified in 1989 after admitting to steroid use between 1981 and 1988.

Medal table

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RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1  United States (USA)109322
2  Great Britain (GBR)33410
3  Canada (CAN)3014
4  Italy (ITA)1023
  Nigeria (NGR)1023
6  Greece (GRE)1012
7  Cuba (CUB)1001
8  Jamaica (JAM)0314
9  Saint Kitts and Nevis (SKN)0202
10  China (CHN)0101
  Ghana (GHA)0101
  Namibia (NAM)0101
  Russia (RUS)0101
14  Qatar (QAT)0022
15  Antigua and Barbuda (ATG)0011
  Barbados (BAR)0011
  Belgium (BEL)0011
Totals (17 entries)20211960

Women

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Games Gold Silver Bronze
1985 Parisa
details
  Silke Gladisch (GDR)   Heather Oakes (GBR)   Christelle Bulteau (FRA)
1987 Indianapolis
details
  Nelli Fiere-Cooman (NED)   Anelia Nuneva (BUL) b   Angela Bailey (CAN)
1989 Budapest
details
  Nelli Fiere-Cooman (NED)   Gwen Torrence (USA)   Merlene Ottey (JAM)
1991 Seville
details
  Irina Sergeyeva (URS)   Merlene Ottey (JAM)   Liliana Allen (CUB)
1993 Toronto
details
  Gail Devers (USA)   Irina Privalova (RUS)   Zhanna Tarnopolskaya (UKR)
1995 Barcelona
details
  Merlene Ottey (JAM)   Melanie Paschke (GER)   Carlette Guidry (USA)
1997 Paris
details
  Gail Devers (USA)   Chandra Sturrup (BAH)   Frederique Bangue (FRA)
1999 Maebashi
details
  Ekaterini Thanou (GRE)   Gail Devers (USA)   Philomena Mensah (CAN)
2001 Lisbon
details
  Chandra Sturrup (BAH)   Angela Williams (USA)   Chryste Gaines (USA)
2003 Birmingham
details
  Angela Williams (USA) c   Torri Edwards (USA)   Merlene Ottey (SLO)
2004 Budapest
details
  Gail Devers (USA)   Kim Gevaert (BEL)   Yulia Nestsiarenka (BLR)
2006 Moscow
details
  Me'Lisa Barber (USA)   Lauryn Williams (USA)   Kim Gevaert (BEL)
2008 Valencia
details
  Angela Williams (USA)   Jeanette Kwakye (GBR)   Tahesia Harrigan (IVB)
2010 Doha
details
  Veronica Campbell-Brown (JAM)   Carmelita Jeter (USA)   Ruddy Zang Milama (GAB)
2012 Istanbul
details
  Veronica Campbell-Brown (JAM)   Murielle Ahouré (CIV)   Tianna Madison (USA)
2014 Sopot
details
  Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce (JAM)   Murielle Ahouré (CIV)   Tianna Bartoletta (USA)
2016 Portland
details
  Barbara Pierre (USA)   Dafne Schippers (NED)   Elaine Thompson (JAM)
2018 Birmingham
details
  Murielle Ahouré (CIV)   Marie-Josée Ta Lou (CIV)   Mujinga Kambundji (SUI)
2022 Belgrade
details
  Mujinga Kambundji (SUI)   Mikiah Brisco (USA)   Marybeth Sant-Price (USA)
2024 Glasgow
details
  Julien Alfred (LCA)   Ewa Swoboda (POL)   Zaynab Dosso (ITA)

a The event was known as the World Indoor Games in 1985.
b Angella Issajenko of Canada originally won the silver medal, but she was disqualified in 1989 after admitting to steroid use between 1982 and 1988.
c Zhanna Block originally won the gold medal, but she was disqualified after her results from November 2002 onwards were deleted in 2011 for long-term drug use.

Medal table

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RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1  United States (USA)77519
2  Jamaica (JAM)4127
3  Netherlands (NED)2103
4  Ivory Coast (CIV)1304
5  Bahamas (BAH)1102
6  Switzerland (SWI)1012
7  East Germany (GDR)1001
  Greece (GRE)1001
  Saint Lucia (LCA)1001
  Soviet Union (URS)1001
11  Great Britain (GBR)0202
12  Belgium (BEL)0112
13  Bulgaria (BUL)0101
  Germany (GER)0101
  Poland (POL)0101
  Russia (RUS)0101
17  Canada (CAN)0022
  France (FRA)0022
19  Belarus (BLR)0011
  British Virgin Islands (IVB)0011
  Cuba (CUB)0011
  Gabon (GAB)0011
  Italy (ITA)0011
  Slovenia (SLO)0011
  Ukraine (UKR)0011
Totals (25 entries)20202060

Season's bests

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See also

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Notes and references

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  1. ^ a b c d e Jon Hendershott (18 February 2018). "Coleman breaks world indoor 60m record at US Indoor Championships in Albuquerque". IAAF. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  2. ^ Pierre-Jean Vazel (2 November 2021). "Athletics - Final Results". Analyzing the Olympic 100-meter sprints.
  3. ^ "Men's indoor 60 metres | Records". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  4. ^ "World Athletics".
  5. ^ "All time Top Lists Senior Indoor 60 Metres Men". World Athletics. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  6. ^ a b "Men's 60m Results" (PDF). IAAF. 3 March 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  7. ^ a b c "60m Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 19 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  8. ^ a b c "Lyles has to give best to Coleman over 60m in Glasgow | News | Glasgow 24 | World Athletics Indoor Championships". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2024-03-02.
  9. ^ "Bol clocks 49.96 and 22.87 in Metz, Bromell breezes to 6.42 in Clemson". World Athletics. 11 February 2023. Retrieved 16 February 2023.
  10. ^ a b "Results". results.usatf.org. Retrieved 2024-02-18.
  11. ^ "60m Round 1 Results" (PDF). IAAF. 18 March 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  12. ^ "60m Semifinal Results" (PDF). IAAF. 18 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  13. ^ "Lyles breaks 60m meeting record in Boston with 6.44 | REPORTS | World Athletics". worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2024-02-06.
  14. ^ Jon Mulkeen (16 January 2022). "Jones, Harrison and Usoro get their 2022 campaigns off to a strong start". Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  15. ^ "Results". results.nbindoorgrandprix.com. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
  16. ^ Janofsky, Michael (6 September 1989). "Rule That Will Strip Johnson of His World Records Is Approved". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  17. ^ Pierre-Jean Vazel (2021-11-02). "Athletics - Final Results". Analyzing the Olympic 100-meter sprints.
  18. ^ Omega Official (2021-08-08). "Su Bingtian 60m-6.29". Wanda Diamond League China.
  19. ^ Lee, Jimson (2009-08-19). "Usain Bolt 10 meter splits, Fastest Top Speed, 2008 vs 2009". SpeedEndurance.com. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  20. ^ "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres" (PDF). IAAF. 16 August 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  21. ^ Pierre-Jean Vazel (8 September 2008). "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres 9.72 Asafa Powell". Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  22. ^ X-King (12 June 2008). "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres 9.72 Usain Bolt". Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  23. ^ Pierre-Jean Vazel (16 August 2009). "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres 9.69 Usain Bolt". Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  24. ^ Pierre-Jean Vazel (8 September 2008). "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres 9.72 Asafa Powell". Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  25. ^ Pierre-Jean Vazel (5 August 2020). "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres 9.63 Usain Bolt". Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  26. ^ "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres". La Libre. 29 September 2019. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  27. ^ nsx_pf (14 February 2022). "TOP 20 FASTEST 60M SPLITS IN 100M RACES". Speed Analysis Channel. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  28. ^ Leslie Ray Jeffrey (24 December 2022). "Biomechanical Analysis 100 Metres Yohan Blake 9.69". Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  29. ^ Magician wlx (14 February 2022). "Justin Gatlin's 9 77 split time in Beijing in 2015". YouTube. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  30. ^ "Maurice Greene equals 60m indoors world record mark". World Athletics. 1 February 1998. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
  31. ^ "Toplists - All time Top lists - Senior Indoor 60 Metres Women". World Athletics. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  32. ^ "Hobbs and Hall go No.2 all time at US Indoor Championships in Albuquerque". World Athletics. 18 February 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
  33. ^ "Alfred, Garland and Wilson threaten world records at NCAA Indoor Championships | REPORT | World Athletics". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-03-12.
  34. ^ a b "60m Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 18 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  35. ^ "Collegiate records fall on first day of NCAA Indoor Championships | REPORT | World Athletics". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 2023-03-11.
  36. ^ "Women's 60m Results" (PDF). IAAF. 2 March 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  37. ^ "Weekend Recap: All-Time Marks Canvas Conference Championships Weekend". USTFCCCA. 25 February 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
  38. ^ "60m Results Summary" (PDF). IAAF. 9 March 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2014.
  39. ^ "60m Results" (PDF). British Athletics. 18 February 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  40. ^ "Hodgkinson breaks world indoor 600m best, Kincaid and Nuguse lead fast times in Boston". World Athletics. 29 January 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  41. ^ "60m Semifinal Results Summary" (PDF). World Athletics. 2 March 2024. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
  42. ^ "60m Final Results" (PDF). World Athletics. 2 March 2024. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
  43. ^ "Dafne Schippers: Profile". IAAF.org. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
  44. ^ "60m Dash Results". flashresults.com. 12 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  45. ^ Ramsak, Bob (20 February 2019). "Ta Lou dashes 7.02, J. Ingebrigtsen defeats Tefera in Dusseldorf". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
  46. ^ "60m Results" (PDF). copernicus.domtel-sport.pl. 6 February 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  47. ^ a b Lindstrom, Sieg (October 2019). "World Champs Women's 100 — Let's Hear It For Motherhood". Track & Field News. Archived from the original on 1 June 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  48. ^ Brüggemann, Gert-Peter; Glad, Bill; International Amateur Athletic Federation; International Athletic Foundation (1990), Scientific research project at the games of the XXIVth Olympiad - Seoul 1988. Final report, Biomechanical analyses of the jumping events, time analyses of the sprint and hurdle events, IAAF, retrieved 16 May 2020
  49. ^ Evelyn Watta (8 September 2021). "Elusive world record now within reach for Elaine Thompson-Herah". Olympics.com. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
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