The 7th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 34th Bombardment Group at Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota, where it was inactivated on 28 August 1945.
| 7th Bombardment Squadron | |
|---|---|
 34th Bomb Group B-17G Flying Fortress[note 1] | |
| Active | 1941-1945, 1990-1992 |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Air Force |
| Role | Bombardment |
| Engagements | European Theater of Operations[1] |
| Insignia | |
| 7th Bombardment Squadron emblem[note 2][1] |  |
| Patch with 7th Tactical Reconnaissance emblem |  |
The squadron was activated in January 1941 at Langley Field, Virginia. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the squadron performed antisubmarine patrols. The squadron moved to the western United States and was a training unit until the end of 1943. It then trained for combat and moved to the European Theater of Operations in April 1944. It participated in combat from May 1944 until VE Day. It returned to the United States in the summer of 1945 and was inactivated.
History
editWorld War II
edit
The squadron was activated at Langley Field, Virginia in January 1941 as the 7th Bombardment Squadron, one of the original squadrons of the 34th Bombardment Group, and equipped with a mixture of B-17C and B-17D Flying Fortresses and Douglas B-18 Bolos. Along with the 34th Group, the squadron moved to Westover Field, Massachusetts four months after they were activated.[1][2]
After the Pearl Harbor attack the squadron began antisubmarine patrols off the Northeast coast of the United States, but soon became part of Western Defense Command and moved to Pendleton Field, Oregon. By the summer of 1942, Second Air Force had become primarily a heavy bomber training force and the squadron became a B-17 Replacement Training Unit (RTU) at Geiger Field.[2] RTUs were oversized units which trained aircrews prior to their deployment to combat theaters.[3]
On 15 December 1942 the squadron moved to Blythe Army Air Base, California a base of the Desert Training Center.[4] The unit provided cadres for a number of heavy bomber units that served with Eighth Air Force during this period.[5]
The 7th began training with Consolidated B-24 Liberators for overseas combat operations on 5 January 1944. Its ground echelon moved to the port of embarkation on 1 April 1944,[2][5] while the air echelon began its overseas movement on 31 May 1944, taking the southern ferry route, from Florida to Trinidad, Brazil, West Africa and Marrakesh arriving at RAF Valley, Wales.[5] The squadron arrived at its permanent station, RAF Mendlesham, England, in April 1944 and entered combat on 23 May 1944.[2][5]
The squadron helped to prepare for Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy, by bombing airfields in France and Germany, and supported the June landings by attacking coastal defenses and communications. It supported ground forces at Saint-Lô in late July and struck V-1 flying bomb launch sites, gun emplacements, and supply lines throughout the summer of 1944.[2]
The mixture of B-24s and B-17s in the 3d Bombardment Division presented a number of operational problems, and in early 1944 plans had begun at VIII Bomber Command headquarters to standardize the division with the Flying Fortress.[6] The 34th Group flew its last B-24 mission on 24 August 1944.[5] It transferred its Liberators for overhaul and eventual transfer to units of the 2d Bombardment Division,[7] and began converting to B-17s. It flew its first mission with the new planes on 17 September 1944.[2][5] The squadron engaged primarily in bombardment of strategic objectives from October 1944 to February 1945. Targets included marshaling yards in Ludwigshafen, Hamm, Osnabrück, and Darmstadt; oil centers in Bielefeld, Merseburg, Hamburg, and Misburg; factories in Berlin, Dalteln, and Hanover; and airfields in Münster, Neumünster, and Frankfurt.[2]
During this period the squadron also supported ground forces during the Battle of the Bulge from December 1944 to January 1945. In March 1945, with few enemy industrial targets remaining and with Allied armies advancing across Germany, the 7th turned almost solely to interdicting enemy communications and supporting Allied ground forces.[2] The 7th flew its last combat mission on 20 April 1945.[5]
After V-E Day the squadron flew missions carrying food to flooded areas of the Netherlands and transported prisoners of war from German camps to Allied centers. The squadron redeployed to the United States in June and July 1945.[2] The first elements of the air echelon departed 19 June 1945. The ground echelon sailed aboard the RMS Queen Elizabeth from Southampton on 6 August 1945. Upon arrival in the states, unit personnel were given 30 days leave.[5] The squadron reassembled at Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota, where it was inactivated on 28 August 1945.[2]
Reconnaissance training
editReactivated in 1967, the 7th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron was an RF-4C Phantom II reconnaissance pilot training organization. It trained many RF-4C pilots prior to their deployment to Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War. Inactivated in 1971 when parent 67th TRW moved from Mountain Home Air Force Base. Idaho to Bergstrom Air Force Base, Texas.
Flying training
editThe squadron was redesignated the 7th Flying Training Squadron and activated at Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma in January 1990. It was inactivated in October 1992.[8][9]
Lineage
edit- Constituted as the 7th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 20 November 1940
- Activated on 15 January 1941
- Redesignated 7th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 20 August 1943
- Inactivated on 28 August 1945[10]
- Redesignated 7th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron
- Activated on 15 December 1967
- Inactivated on 15 April 1971
- Redesignated 7th Flying Training Squadron on 13 December 1989
Assignments
edit- 34th Bombardment Group, 15 January 1941 – 28 August 1945[10]
- 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, 15 December 1967 – 15 October 1971
- 71st Flying Training Wing, 19 January 1990[11]
- 71st Operations Group, 15 December 1991 – 1 October 1992[12]
Stations
edit
|
|
Aircraft
edit- Stearman PT-17 Kaydet, 1941
- Consolidated LB-30B Liberator, 1941
- Douglas B-18 Bolo, 1941
- Boeing B-17C Flying Fortress, 1941–1942
- Boeing B-17D Flying Fortress, 1941–1942
- Consolidated B-24H Liberator, 1942-1944
- Consolidated B-24J Liberator, 1942-1944
- Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress, 1944–1945[10][5]
- McDonnell RF-4 Phantom II, 1967-1971
Campaigns
edit| Campaign Streamer | Campaign | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Antisubmarine | 7 December 1941-c. 13 May 1942 | 7th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
 |
Air Offensive, Europe | 23 April 1944 – 5 June 1944 | 7th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| |
Normandy | 6 June 1944 – 24 July 1944 | 7th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| |
Northern France | 25 July 1944 – 14 September 1944 | 7th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| |
Rhineland | 15 September 1944 – 21 March 1945 | 7th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| |
Cent[1] ral Europe | 22 March 1944 – 21 May 1945 | 7th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
| |
Air Combat, EAME Theater | 7 December 1941 – 11 May 1945 | 7th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
See also
editReferences
editNotes
edit- Explanatory notes
- ^ The aircraft is Lockheed/Vega B-17G-65-VE Serial 44-8457
- ^ Approved 22 January 1942.
- ^ The plane is Douglas-Tulsa B-24H-15-DT Serial 41-28851. This aircraft was damaged during a mission on 24 August 1944 and made an emergency landing in Sweden (MACR 8461). The aircraft was interned until the end of the war then repaired and flown back to the UK in 1945.
- Citations
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 42
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 87–89
- ^ Craven & Cate (eds.), Vol. VI, p. xxxvi
- ^ Wilson, p. 128
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Freeman (1970), p. 240
- ^ Freeman (1970), p. 156
- ^ Freeman (1970), p. 172
- ^ a b c See Musser, Factsheet, 71 Flying Training Wing
- ^ a b c See Musser, Factsheet, 71 Operations Group
- ^ a b c d Lineage information through March 1963 in Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 42
- ^ Musser, James (11 January 2022). "Factsheet 71 Flying Training Wing (AETC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
- ^ Musser, James (2 February 2022). "Factsheet 71 Operations Group (AETC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
- ^ Station number in Anderson, p. 22.
- ^ Mueller, p. 443
Bibliography
edit
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Anderson, Capt. Barry (1985). Army Air Forces Stations: A Guide to the Stations Where U.S. Army Air Forces Personnel Served in the United Kingdom During World War II (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
- Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L., eds. (1955). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. LCCN 48003657. OCLC 704158. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Freeman, Roger A. (1970). The Mighty Eighth: Units, Men and Machines (A History of the US 8th Army Air Force). London, England, UK: Macdonald and Company. ISBN 978-0-87938-638-2.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
- Mueller, Robert (1989). Air Force Bases, Vol. I, Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-53-6. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
External links
edit- "34th Bomb Group Mission Summary: May-August 1944". Col Bob Simpson. Retrieved 9 December 2014.