ALA-LC (American Library Association – Library of Congress) is a set of standards for romanization, the representation of text in other writing systems using the Latin script.
Applications
editThe system is used to represent bibliographic information by North American libraries and the British Library (for acquisitions since 1975)[1] and in publications throughout the English-speaking world.
The Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules require catalogers to romanize access points from their non-Roman originals.[2] However, as the MARC standards have been expanded to allow records containing Unicode characters,[3][4] many cataloguers now include bibliographic data in both Roman and original scripts. The emerging Resource Description and Access continues many of AACR's recommendations but refers to the process as "transliteration" rather than "Romanization."[5]
Scripts
editThe ALA-LC Romanization includes over 70 romanization tables.[6] Here are some examples of tables:
- A Cherokee Romanization table was created by the LC and ALA in 2012 and subsequently approved by the Cherokee Tri-Council meeting in Cherokee, North Carolina. It was the first ALA-LC Romanization table for a Native American syllabary.[7]
- The Chinese Romanization table used the Wade–Giles transliteration system until 1997, when the Library of Congress (LC) announced a decision to switch to the Pinyin system.[8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Searching for Cyrillic items in the catalogues of the British Library: guidelines and transliteration tables"
- ^ Agenbroad, James E. (5 June 2006). "Romanization Is Not Enough". Cataloging & Classification Quarterly. 42 (2): 21–34. doi:10.1300/J104v42n02_03. S2CID 218589002.
- ^ McCallum, S.H. (2002). "MARC: keystone for library automation". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 24 (2): 34–49. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2002.1010068.
- ^ Aliprand, Joan M. (22 January 2013). "The Structure and Content of MARC 21 Records in the Unicode Environment". Information Technology and Libraries. 24 (4): 170. doi:10.6017/ital.v24i4.3381.
- ^ Seikel, Michele (9 October 2009). "No More Romanizing: The Attempt to Be Less Anglocentric in RDA". Cataloging & Classification Quarterly. 47 (8): 741–748. doi:10.1080/01639370903203192. S2CID 60695345.
- ^ "ALA-LC Romanization Tables". Cataloging and Acquisitions. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
- ^ "Cherokee Romanization Table". Cataloging and Acquisitions. Library of Congress. 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
- ^ Council on East Asian Libraries (CEAL) Pinyin Liaison Group (March 2000). "Final Report on Pinyin Conversion". Chinese Librarianship: An International Electronic Journal. 9. ISSN 1089-4667. Retrieved 2 June 2014.