USS Barrier (AM-150) was an Admirable-class minesweeper built for the United States Navy during World War II and in commission from 1944 to 1945. In 1945, she was transferred to the Soviet Union, serving in the Soviet Navy after that as T-335.
| History | |
|---|---|
 United States | |
| Name | USS Barrier (AMc-127) |
| Builder | Tampa Shipbuilding Company, Tampa, Florida |
| Reclassified | AM-150, 21 February 1942 |
| Laid down | 7 December 1942 |
| Launched | 23 February 1943 |
| Sponsored by | Mrs. Eugenie Bradford |
| Commissioned | 10 May 1944 |
| Decommissioned | 19 July 1945[1] |
| Fate | Transferred to Soviet Navy, 19 July 1945[1] |
| Reclassified | MSF-150, 7 February 1955 |
| Stricken | 1 January 1983 |
| History | |
 Soviet Union | |
| Name | T-335[2] |
| Acquired | 19 July 1945[1] |
| Commissioned | 19 July 1945[1] |
| Fate | Scrapped 1956[3] |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Admirable-class minesweeper |
| Displacement | 650 tons |
| Length | 184 ft 6 in (56.24 m) |
| Beam | 33 ft (10 m) |
| Draft | 9 ft 9 in (2.97 m) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 14.8 knots (27.4 km/h) |
| Complement | 104 |
| Armament |
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| Service record | |
| Part of: |
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Construction and commissioning
editOriginally classified as a "coastal minesweeper," AMc-127, Barrier was reclassified as a "minesweeper," AM-150, on 21 February 1942. She was laid down on 7 December 1942 at Tampa, Florida, by the Tampa Shipbuilding Company, Inc., launched on 23 February 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Eugenie Bradford, the wife of U.S. Navy Lieutenant L. M. Bradford, Assistant Technical Officer (Hull) at the builder's yard, and commissioned on 10 May 1944.
Service history
editU.S. Navy, World War II, 1944-1945
editFollowing fitting out and shakedown training, Barrier transited the Panama Canal late in July 1944 and made a stop at San Francisco, California, early in August 1944 before beginning duty in the waters of the Territory of Alaska on 14 August 1944. She performed convoy escort and minesweeping duties in the Aleutian Islands for the next 11 months.
Selected for transfer to the Soviet Navy in Project Hula – a secret program for the transfer of U.S. Navy ships to the Soviet Navy at Cold Bay, Alaska, in anticipation of the Soviet Union joining the war against Japan – Barrier proceeded to Cold Bay in the summer of 1945 to begin the training of her new Soviet crew.[3]
Soviet Navy, 1945-1956
editFollowing the completion of training for her Soviet crew, Barrier was decommissioned on 19 July 1945[1] at Cold Bay and transferred to the Soviet Union under Lend-Lease immediately.[1] Also commissioned into the Soviet Navy immediately, she was designated as a tralshik ("minesweeper") and renamed T-335[2] in Soviet service. She soon departed Cold Bay bound for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the Soviet Union, where she served in the Soviet Far East.[3]
In February 1946, the United States began negotiations for the return of ships loaned to the Soviet Union for use during World War II, and on 8 May 1947, United States Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal informed the United States Department of State that the United States Department of the Navy wanted 480 of the 585 combatant ships it had transferred to the Soviet Union for World War II use returned. Deteriorating relations between the two countries as the Cold War broke out led to protracted negotiations over the ships, and by the mid-1950s the U.S. Navy found it too expensive to bring home ships that had become worthless to it anyway. Many ex-American ships were merely administratively "returned" to the United States and instead sold for scrap in the Soviet Union, while the U.S. Navy did not seriously pursue the return of others because it viewed them as no longer worth the cost of recovery.[4] The Soviet Union never returned Barrier to the United States, although the U.S. Navy reclassified her as a "fleet minesweeper" (MSF) and redesignated her MSF-150 on 7 February 1955.
Disposal
editThe Soviet Union scrapped T-335 in 1956.[3] Unaware of the ship's fate, the U.S. Navy carried Barrier on its Naval Vessel Register until finally striking her name on 1 January 1983.
References
edit
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
- ^ a b c d e f The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships Barrier article states that the U.S. Navy decommissioned and transferred Barrier on 18 July 1945, and NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive Barrier (MSF 150) ex-AM-150 ex-AMc-127 and hazegray.org Barrier repeat this. However, more recent research in Russell, Richard A., Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan, Washington, D.C.: Naval Historical Center, 1997, ISBN 0-945274-35-1, p. 39, which includes access to Soviet-era records unavailable during the Cold War, reports that the transfer date was 19 July 1945. As sources, Russell cites Department of the Navy, Ships Data: U.S. Naval Vessels Volume II, 1 January 1949, (NAVSHIPS 250-012), Washington, DC: Bureau of Ships, 1949; and Berezhnoi, S. S., Flot SSSR: Korabli i suda lendliza: Spravochnik ("The Soviet Navy: Lend-Lease Ships and Vessels: A Reference"), St. Petersburg, Russia: Belen, 1994. According to Russell, Project Hula ships were decommissioned by the U.S. Navy simultaneously with their transfer to and commissioning by the Soviet Navy – see photo captions on p. 24 regarding the transfers of various large infantry landing craft (LCI(L)s) and information on p. 27 about the transfer of USS Coronado (PF-38), which Russell says typified the transfer process – indicating that Barrier's U.S. Navy decommissioning, transfer, and Soviet Navy commissioning all occurred simultaneously on 19 July 1945.
- ^ a b NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive Barrier (MSF 150) ex-AM-150 ex-AMc-127 and hazegray.org Barrier state that Barrier was named T-525 in Soviet service, but more recent research in Russell, Richard A., Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan, Washington, D.C.: Naval Historical Center, 1997, ISBN 0-945274-35-1, pp. 39-40, which includes access to Soviet-era records unavailable during the Cold War, finds that the ship's Soviet name was T-335, while an auxiliary motor minesweeper, the former USS YMS-428, also transferred in 1945, had the Soviet name T-525. As sources, Russell cites Department of the Navy, Ships Data: U.S. Naval Vessels Volume II, 1 January 1949, (NAVSHIPS 250-012), Washington, DC: Bureau of Ships, 1949; and Berezhnoi, S. S., Flot SSSR: Korabli i suda lendliza: Spravochnik ("The Soviet Navy: Lend-Lease Ships and Vessels: A Reference"), St. Petersburg, Russia: Belen, 1994.
- ^ a b c d Russell, Richard A., Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan, Washington, D.C.: Naval Historical Center, 1997, ISBN 0-945274-35-1, p. 39.
- ^ Russell, Richard A., Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan, Washington, D.C.: Naval Historical Center, 1997, ISBN 0-945274-35-1, pp. 37-38, 39.