Annexin A2

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Annexin A2 also known as annexin II is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANXA2 gene.[5]

ANXA2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesANXA2, ANX2, ANX2L4, CAL1H, HEL-S-270, LIP2, LPC2, LPC2D, P36, PAP-IV, annexin A2
External IDsOMIM: 151740; MGI: 88246; HomoloGene: 20857; GeneCards: ANXA2; OMA:ANXA2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001002857
NM_001002858
NM_001136015
NM_004039

NM_007585

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001002857
NP_001002858
NP_001129487
NP_004030

NP_031611

Location (UCSC)Chr 15: 60.35 – 60.4 MbChr 9: 69.36 – 69.4 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Annexin 2 is involved in diverse cellular processes such as cell motility (especially that of the epithelial cells), linkage of membrane-associated protein complexes to the actin cytoskeleton, endocytosis, fibrinolysis, ion channel formation, and cell matrix interactions. It is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein whose function is to help organize exocytosis of intracellular proteins to the extracellular domain. Annexin II is a pleiotropic protein meaning that its function is dependent on place and time in the body.

Gene

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The ANXA2 gene, located at 15q22.2, has three pseudogenes located on chromosomes 4, 9 and 10, respectively. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[6]

Function

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This protein is a member of the annexin family. Members of this calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein family play a role in the regulation of cellular growth and in signal transduction pathways. This protein functions as an autocrine factor which heightens osteoclast formation and bone resorption.[6] Epigenetic regulation of Annexin A2 has been identified as a key determinant of mesenchymal transformation in brain tumors.[7] Maternal deficiency of the ANXA2 gene contributes to shallow decidual invasion by placental cytotrophoblast cells. These findings highlight the maternal contribution to the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia.[8]

Annexin A2 has been proposed to function inside the cell in sorting of endosomes and outside the cell in anticoagulant reactions.

Interactions

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Annexin A2 has been shown to interact with Prohibitin,[9] CEACAM1,[10] S100A10,[11][12] PCNA,[13] complement Factor H,[14] and a number of viral factors including the HPV16 minor capsid protein L2.[15][16]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182718Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032231Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Takahashi S, Reddy SV, Chirgwin JM, Devlin R, Haipek C, Anderson J, Roodman GD (November 1994). "Cloning and identification of annexin II as an autocrine/paracrine factor that increases osteoclast formation and bone resorption". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (46): 28696–28701. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)61961-7. PMID 7961821.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: ANXA2 annexin A2".
  7. ^ Kling T, Ferrarese R, Ó hAilín D, Johansson P, Heiland DH, Dai F, et al. (October 2016). "Integrative Modeling Reveals Annexin A2-mediated Epigenetic Control of Mesenchymal Glioblastoma". eBioMedicine. 12: 72–85. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.050. PMC 5078587. PMID 27667176.
  8. ^ Ng SW, Norwitz GA, Pavlicev M, Tilburgs T, Simón C, Norwitz ER (June 2020). "Endometrial Decidualization: The Primary Driver of Pregnancy Health". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21 (11): 4092. doi:10.3390/ijms21114092. PMC 7312091. PMID 32521725.
  9. ^ Bacher S, Achatz G, Schmitz ML, Lamers MC (December 2002). "Prohibitin and prohibitone are contained in high-molecular weight complexes and interact with alpha-actinin and annexin A2". Biochimie. 84 (12): 1207–1220. doi:10.1016/S0300-9084(02)00027-5. PMID 12628297.
  10. ^ Kirshner J, Schumann D, Shively JE (December 2003). "CEACAM1, a cell-cell adhesion molecule, directly associates with annexin II in a three-dimensional model of mammary morphogenesis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (50): 50338–50345. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309115200. PMID 14522961.
  11. ^ Réty S, Sopkova J, Renouard M, Osterloh D, Gerke V, Tabaries S, et al. (January 1999). "The crystal structure of a complex of p11 with the annexin II N-terminal peptide". Nature Structural Biology. 6 (1): 89–95. doi:10.1038/4965. PMID 9886297. S2CID 26400923.
  12. ^ He KL, Deora AB, Xiong H, Ling Q, Weksler BB, Niesvizky R, Hajjar KA (July 2008). "Endothelial cell annexin A2 regulates polyubiquitination and degradation of its binding partner S100A10/p11". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (28): 19192–19200. doi:10.1074/jbc.M800100200. PMC 2443646. PMID 18434302.
  13. ^ Ohta S, Shiomi Y, Sugimoto K, Obuse C, Tsurimoto T (October 2002). "A proteomics approach to identify proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-binding proteins in human cell lysates. Identification of the human CHL12/RFCs2-5 complex as a novel PCNA-binding protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (43): 40362–40367. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206194200. PMID 12171929.
  14. ^ Leffler J, Herbert AP, Norström E, Schmidt CQ, Barlow PN, Blom AM, Martin M (February 2010). "Annexin-II, DNA, and histones serve as factor H ligands on the surface of apoptotic cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285 (6): 3766–3776. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.045427. PMC 2823518. PMID 19951950.
  15. ^ Woodham AW, Da Silva DM, Skeate JG, Raff AB, Ambroso MR, Brand HE, et al. (2012). "The S100A10 subunit of the annexin A2 heterotetramer facilitates L2-mediated human papillomavirus infection". PLOS ONE. 7 (8): e43519. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...743519W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043519. PMC 3425544. PMID 22927980.
  16. ^ Woodham AW, Raff AB, Raff LM, Da Silva DM, Yan L, Skeate JG, et al. (May 2014). "Inhibition of Langerhans cell maturation by human papillomavirus type 16: a novel role for the annexin A2 heterotetramer in immune suppression". Journal of Immunology. 192 (10): 4748–4757. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1303190. PMC 4019435. PMID 24719459.

Further reading

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