Mansoa alliacea, or garlic vine, is a species of tropical liana in the family Bignoniaceae. It is native to Northern South America,[3] and has spread to Central America and Brazil.[4]
| Mansoa alliacea | |
|---|---|
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| Garlic vine in bloom | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Bignoniaceae |
| Genus: | Mansoa |
| Species: | M. alliacea
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| Binomial name | |
| Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry
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| Synonyms | |
Description
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The plant can be described as a shrub or a liana since it produces numerous woody shoots from the root and reaches a height of 2 to 3 m. The stems are almost bare and slightly scaly.
The short-stalked leaves are opposite and trifoliate. The petiole is up to 3 centimeters long. The slightly leathery, short-stalked, egg-shaped to elliptical leaflets are almost glabrous, slightly scaly, entire and rounded, pointed to pointed with a pointed, rarely rounded to truncated base.
The middle leaflet is often replaced by a long, usually three-part, often falling tendril. The slightly glandular leaflets are 10 to 27 centimeters long. The leaflet stalks are up to 3 centimeters long. The pseudo stipules are inconspicuous.
Inflorescence
editAxillary, few-flowered and thyroid-shaped inflorescences are formed. The large, slightly fragrant, hermaphrodite and stalked, funnel-shaped flowers with double perianth are violet to purple-white. The small, about 1 centimeter long, cup-shaped and slightly glandular calyx is slightly toothed, almost truncated. The corolla is up to 9 centimeters long and the bare corolla tube up to 7 centimeters. The corolla lobes are up to 2 centimeters long. The 4 enclosed stamens are didynamic. The two-chambered and scaly, elongated ovary is superior, the style with two-lobed stigma is enclosed. There is a discus. The plant flowers abundantly twice a year, in autumn to winter and in spring (though it may also have some flowers sporadically throughout the year).[5]
The fruit is ribbed, angular, pointed, almost bare, multi-seeded capsules with a persistent calyx, up to 40 centimeters long and up to 3.5 centimeters wide. The seeds are winged on both sides and are up to 5-6 centimeters long with the wings; the wings can also be reduced.
Distribution
editIt is native to tropical South America, where it can be found growing wild in the tropical rainforests of Brazil (including the Amazon forest), Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and also in Costa Rica.
Cultivation
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Mansoa alliacea has been exported overseas, and grows in the favourable climates of (for example) Puerto Rico, Southern Africa, Thailand and India.[1][6] It is cultivated in the West Indies.[3] Among the mestizos of the Amazon rainforest it is known as ajo sacha, a Spanish-Quechua name that means "forest garlic" or "wild garlic".
Uses
editIt is a plant remedy in the Amazon for pain and inflammation from arthritis and rheumatism, as well as colds, flu, fever, diarrhea and skin ulcers. The bark is used in ayahuasca preparations. Some capsule and leaf products are sold in stores in Brazil and Peru, and can be found as an ingredient in several other multi-herb formulas for cold, flu, and pain.[7]
Gallery
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M. alliacea flowers in Thailand -
M. alliacea leaves -
M. alliacea fruit -
Tendrils -
Flower closeup -
Groundcover -
Shrubby growth -
Climbing on barbed wire fence, Salem, India
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References
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- ^ a b c d e f "Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A. H. Gentry". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
- ^ a b c Taylor, Leslie (2006). "Ajos sacha (Mansoa alliacea)". Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
- ^ a b Liogier, Alain H.; Martorell, Luis F. (2000). Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands: A Systematic Synopsis (Revised second ed.). San Juan: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. p. 186. ISBN 0-8477-0369-X. OCLC 40433131. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
- ^ Sheat, William G.; Schofield, Gerald (1995). Complete Gardening in Southern Africa (Second ed.). Cape Town: Struik. p. 301. ISBN 9781868257041. OCLC 34793018. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
- ^ Mansoa alliacea - Garlic Vine by Alex Butova, the Witch of Herbs and Cats from TopTropicals.com. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
- ^ Salim, E. I. (8 April 2012). "Garlic Vine (Mansoa alliacea)". Raxa Collective. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
- ^ Mansoa alliacea by Some Magnetic Island Plants. Retrieved 20 September 2024.