Adriana Margarita Olguín Büche (born Luz Adriana Margarita Olguín Buche; 18 November 1911 – 24 December 2015)[1] was a Chilean lawyer and politician. She was the Minister of Justice during the rule of Gabriel González Videla, making Olguín the first female minister of Chile.
Adriana Olguín | |
|---|---|
 Adriana Olguín de Baltra at the age of 101. | |
| Minister of Justice | |
| In office 29 July 1952 – 3 November 1952 | |
| President | Gabriel González Videla |
| Preceded by | Humberto Parada Berger |
| Succeeded by | Orlando Latorre González |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Luz Adriana Margarita Olguín Buche 18 November 1911 Valparaíso, Chile |
| Died | 24 December 2015 (aged 104) Viña del Mar, Chile |
| Political party | Independent (caucuses with Radical Party) |
| Spouse | Alberto Baltra |
| Alma mater | University of Chile |
| Occupation | lawyer, politician |
Early life and education
editAdriana Olguín de Baltra was born in Valparaíso in 1911 to Arsenio Olguín and Adela Büche. After studying in her hometown at the Liceo No 2 de Niñas, she joined the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences at the University of Chile. Olguín completed her thesis in 1936, Legal Loopholes and Judicial Discretion. Two years later she became a lawyer with "unanimous distinction". While studying at the university, she met her future husband, Alberto Baltra, with whom she had one son, Luis Alberto.[2]
Career
editAfter university, Olguín had a number of positions, both as a professional attorney for Valparaiso Customs and as a professor of Constitutional and Administrative Law. She was also politically active, having established the National Association of Housewives.[3] Like her husband, she sympathized with the Radical Party, but was never an active member in it.
She was appointed Minister of Justice in 1952, during the government of Gabriel González Videla. Though she served only a short period of time, she is credited as being the first woman ever to hold a cabinet post in Latin America.[4][5] Shortly after Olguín's appointment as Minister of Justice, María Teresa del Canto was named Minister of Education (1952–53), though women did not play a significant role in Chilean government until the 1990s.[6]
Between 1946 and 1953 she worked in the Women's Bureau. In 1955 she joined the board of the Bar Association and during the 60's she was legal adviser to the Comptroller General of the Republic. She later joined the State Council convened by the military regime between 1981 and 1989.
References
edit- ^ "Fallece la primera mujer ministro de Estado en Chile y Latinoamérica". El Mercurio (in Spanish). 25 December 2015. Archived from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
- ^ El Mercurio S.A.P. "El Mercurio.com". diario.elmercurio.com. Retrieved 2015-11-19.
- ^ Lidia Baltra Montaner (1 January 2006). "Adriana Olguín de Baltra, Ministra de Judicia (1952)". Señora presidenta--: mujeres que gobiernan países. Editorial Mare Nostrum. pp. 8–. ISBN 978-956-8089-12-2.
- ^ "VOTO MUJER, a 60 años de la conquista". El Mercurio. 11 January 2009. Retrieved 2011-08-29.
- ^ "Política y sociedad". Terra. 2010. Archived from the original on 2010-08-13. Retrieved 2011-08-29.
- ^ Gretchen Bauer; Director Center for Research on Women and Politics Manon Tremblay; Manon Tremblay (10 March 2011). Women in Executive Power: A Global Overview. Taylor & Francis. pp. 112–. ISBN 978-1-136-81915-5.