Abū ʿAmr Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Kashshī (Arabic: أبو عمرو محمد بن عمر بن عبد العزیز الکَشّي), died 941 or 951 or 978, known as al-Kashshi or (in Persian) as Kashshi, was a Twelver Shi'ite scholar specializing in biographical evaluation (ʿilm al-rijāl) and hadith studies. He is the author of the Rijāl al-Kashshī, a major biographical work which ranks as one of the four main sources in the Shi'ite rijāl literature.[5][6][7][8] Al-Kashshi's original work is now lost, but parts of it survive in an abridgement made by Shaykh Tusi (995–1067) called the Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl.
Muhammad ibn Umar al-Kashshi | |
|---|---|
محمد بن عمر الکَشّي | |
| Born | Kesh (Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan) |
| Died | 941[1] or 951[2][3] or 978[4] probably in Samarkand, Uzbekistan |
| Occupation | Twelver Shi'ite scholar |
| Known for | Biographical evaluation: Rijāl al-Kashshī |
Life
editAl-Kashshi's exact date of birth is unclear. However, he is known to have been a contemporary of Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864–941), author of the Kitāb al-Kāfī. Al-Kashshi and al-Kulayni shared a number of teachers such as Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Naysaburi,[9] as well as some students such as Ibn Qulawayh. This would place al-Kashshi roughly in the same time period as al-Kulayni, i.e., somewhere between the middle of the 9th century and the middle of the 10th century.[1][10]
He was born in city of Kesh or Kish (known today as Shahrisabz) in Transoxiana (today: Uzbekistan).[11]
Writings
editAl-Kashshi's works are all lost today. However, one work known as the Rijāl al-Kashshī survives in an abridgement made by Shaykh Tusi (995–1067), called the Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl.[12] This work deals with the biographical evaluation of hadith transmitters, the goal of which was to establish whether individual transmitters are to be regarded as trustworthy, and whether their narrations –one of the main sources of Islamic doctrine– should be accepted or rejected.[13][14]
The Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl ranks as one of the four most important works in the Shi'ite biographical (rijāl) literature.[15][16]
References
edit- ^ a b طوسی, محمد بن حسن. اختیار معرفه الرجال، مقدمه (in Persian). دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی مشهد. p. 13.
- ^ حسینی دشتی, سید مصطفی (2000). معارف و معاریف: دایرة المعارف جامع اسلامی (in Persian). Vol. 8. تهران: مؤسسه فرهنگی آرایه. p. 516.
- ^ به نقل از تنقیح المقال و الاعلام (in Persian).
- ^ Takim 2012.
- ^ "معرفی کتاب "رجال کشی" - تبیان" (in Persian). Retrieved 18 May 2021.
- ^ "اختيار معرفه الرجال المعروف به رجال الكشي - کتابخانه دیجیتال قائمیه" (in Persian). Retrieved 18 May 2021.
- ^ "کتاب إختیارُ مَعرفَه الرّجال" (in Persian). Retrieved 18 May 2021.
- ^ "کتاب اختیار معرفه الرجال المعروف به رجال الکشی [چ1] - کتاب گیسوم" (in Persian). Retrieved 18 May 2021.
- ^ "تضارب آرای رجالی امام خمینی و آیة الله خویی درباره محمد بن اسماعیل - نورمگز" (in Persian). Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ طوسی, محمد بن حسن (1969). اختیار معرفه الرجال، مقدمه حسن مصطفوی (in Persian). مشهد: دانشگاه مشهد. p. 4.
- ^ دهخدا, علی‌اکبر. لغت‌نامه دهخدا، ذیل واژه "کشّ" (in Persian).
- ^ al-Amīn al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥsin (1983–1993). "Abū ʿAmr Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Kashshī". In al-Amīn, Ḥasan (ed.). Aʿyān al-shīʿa. Vol. 10. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf. pp. 27–28.
- ^ "شيخ محمد کشي - مرکز پاسخگویی حوزه علمیه قم" (in Persian). Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "زندگی نامه شیخ محمد کشی - مرکز تخصصی شیعه شناسی" (in Persian). Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "موسوعة طبقات الفقهاء - اللجنة العلمية في مؤسسة الإمام الصادق(ع) - کتابخانه مدرسه فقاهت" (in Arabic). Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "كليات في علم الرجال - السبحاني، الشيخ جعفر - کتابخانه مدرسه فقاهت" (in Arabic). Retrieved 22 May 2021.
Further reading
edit- Takim, Liyakat (2012). "Kašši, Abu ʿAmr Moḥammad". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica.