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Albertine branch

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The Albertine branch is a German princely family of the House of Wettin. The name derives from the progenitor of the line, Albert III, Duke of Saxony. The Albertine branch ruled from 1485 to 1918 as dukes, electors and kings in Saxony.

Coat of arms of the House of Wettin, Albertine line

History of the Albertine Branch

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Albert III, Duke of Saxony, the first Albertine

Ernest and Albert of Saxony, the two sons of Frederick II, Elector of Saxony, initially ruled their paternal inheritance for a long time, with Ernest as the eldest being the elector. In 1485, the two brothers divided their countries (Treaty of Leipzig). Albert and his descendants received their own territory with Dresden as the center, which they ruled from now on as the dukes of Saxony.

While Frederick III, Elector of Saxony supported the Reformation, George, Duke of Saxony tried to prevent it in his area. It was not until his brother Henry IV, Duke of Saxony, who succeeded George as duke, that the Reformation was also introduced in Saxony.

Acquisition of the dignity

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Although Maurice, Elector of Saxony was also a Protestant, in 1546 he sided with Emperor Charles V against the Protestant princes of the Schmalkaldic League under the leadership of his cousin John Frederick I. After the defeat of the Protestants in the Schmalkaldic War, in 1547 he received the electoral dignity and large parts of the Ernestine lands as a reward for his services. Since then, the Albertine branch have been the leading line of the House of Wettin.

The common minting agreed between the Ernestines and Albertine branch in the main division of Leipzig in 1485 was finally abandoned. The new Albertine Elector Moritz only coins in his own name (Saxon coin separation).[1]

Family tree of the Albertine branch

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House of Wettin
Margaret of AustriaFrederick II
Sidonie of Poděbrady Albert IIIErnestine
Catherine of MecklenburgHenry IVGeorge, Duke of SaxonyBarbara Jagiellon
Anne of DenmarkAugustus, Elector of SaxonyMaurice, Elector of Saxony
Sophie of BrandenburgChristian I, Elector of Saxony
Duchess Magdalene Sibylle of PrussiaJohn George IChristian II
Margravine Magdalene Sibylle of Brandenburg-BayreuthJohn George IIAugustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels
(Founder of the Weißenfels branch, died out in 1746)		Christian I
(Founder of the Merseburg branch, died out in 1738)		Maurice
(Founder of the Zeitz branch, died out in 1718)
Princess Anna Sophie of DenmarkJohn George III
Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-BayreuthAugustus II the Strong
(born as August II, King of Poland)		John George IVEleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach
Maria Josepha of AustriaAugustus III of Poland
(born as August III, King of Poland)
Duchess Maria Antonia of BavariaFrederick Christian
Princess Carolina of ParmaMaximilian, Hereditary Prince of Saxony
(renounces the throne in 1830)		Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
(since 1806 as Friedrich August I. King of Saxony)		Anthony of Saxony
Amalie Auguste of BavariaJohn of SaxonyFrederick Augustus II of Saxony
Infanta Maria Anna of PortugalGeorge, King of SaxonyAlbert of Saxony
Archduchess Louise of AustriaFrederick Augustus III of Saxony
Georg, Crown Prince of SaxonyFriedrich Christian, Margrave of MeissenPrince Ernst Heinrich of SaxonyMargarete Carola WilhelmineMaria Alix LuitpoldaAnna Pia Monika

Literature

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  • Konrad Sturmhoefel: Illustrated history of Saxony and their authorities. Volume 2: Illustrated History of Albertine Saxony. Hübel & Denck, Leipzig 1909.

References

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  1. ^ Paul Arnold: Kurfürst August (1553–1586) und das sächsische Münzwesen. In Numismatische Hefte. Nr. 20, Dresden 1986, P. 13. (German)
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