Alderdice is a Scottish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Alfred Alderdice, American actor with the stage name Tom Drake
- Craig Alderdice, Australian rules footballer
- David Alderdice, mayor of Belfast
- Frederick C. Alderdice, Prime Minister of Newfoundland
- John Alderdice, Baron Alderdice, Northern Ireland politician
- Scott Alderdice, Australian writer and director