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Alexander Mikhaylovich Butlerov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Миха́йлович Бу́тлеров; 15 September 1828 – 17 August 1886) was a Russian chemist, one of the principal creators of the theory of chemical structure (1857–1861), the first to incorporate double bonds into structural formulas, the discoverer of hexamine (1859), the discoverer of formaldehyde (1859) and the discoverer of the formose reaction (1861). He first proposed the idea of possible tetrahedral arrangement of valence bonds in carbon compounds in 1862.
Alexander Mikhaylovich Butlerov | |
|---|---|
 Alexander Butlerov | |
| Born | 15 September 1828 |
| Died | 17 August 1886 (aged 57) Butlerovka, Kazan Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Alma mater | Kazan State University |
| Known for | discovery of formaldehyde and hexamine |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Chemistry |
| Institutions | University of St. Petersburg, Kazan State University |
| Doctoral advisor | Nikolay Zinin |
| Doctoral students | Alexey Yevgrafovich Favorsky, Vladimir Markovnikov, Alexander Mikhaylovich Zaytsev, Alexander Nikiforovich Popov |
Butlerov was born into a landowning family.
Biography
edit1849 – Alexander graduated from the Imperial Kazan University.[1] From 1849 he worked there as a teacher. From 1860 to 1863 he was the rector.
1868-1885 – An ordinary professor of Chemistry at the Imperial St. Petersburg University.[1]
1878-1882 – Chairman of the Chemistry Department of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society.[1]
1956 – the Academy of Sciences of the USSR established the A. M. Butlerov Prize.[1]
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1951 Alexander Butlerov USSR postage stamp
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Бутлеров Александр Михайлович". Большая российская энциклопедия (in Russian). 2023-09-25. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
- Leicester, Henry M. (1940). "Alexander Mikhailovich Butlerov". Journal of Chemical Education. 17 (May): 203–209. Bibcode:1940JChEd..17..203L. doi:10.1021/ed017p203.
- Arbuzov, B. A. (1978). "150th Anniversary of the birth of A. M. Butlerov". Russian Chemical Bulletin. 27 (9): 1791–1794. doi:10.1007/BF00929226.
- Rocke, Alan J. (1981). "Kekulé, Butlerov, and the Historiography of the Theory of Chemical Structure". British Journal for the History of Science. 14: 27–57. doi:10.1017/s0007087400018276. S2CID 145266929.
- Bykov, G. V. (1982). "K istoriografii teorii khimicheskogo stroeniia". Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki. 1982 (4): 121–130.
- Brooks, Nathan (1998). "Alexander Butlerov and the Professionalization of Science in Russia". Russian Review. 57: 10–24. doi:10.1111/0036-0341.00004.
External links
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Media related to Aleksandr Michajlovič Butlerov at Wikimedia Commons
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