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Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i

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Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i (Persian: سید محمدحسین طباطبائی, romanized: Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ṭabāṭabāʾī; 16 March 1903 – 15 November 1981) was an Iranian scholar, theorist, philosopher and one of the most prominent thinkers of modern Shia Islam.[1] He is perhaps best known for his Tafsir al-Mizan, a twenty-seven-volume work of tafsir (Quranic exegesis), which he produced between 1954 and 1972.[8] He is commonly known as Allameh Tabataba'i and the Allameh Tabataba'i University in Tehran is named after him.

Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i
سید محمدحسین طباطبائی
Tabataba'i in 1946
Born16 March 1903
Tabriz,[2][3] Sublime State of Persia Iran
Died15 November 1981(1981-11-15) (aged 78)
Qom, Iran
Spouse(s)Ghamar Sadat Mahdavi (1923–1964, her death)
Mansoureh Rozbeh (1966–1981, her death)
Era20th-century philosophy
RegionIranian philosophy
SchoolTwelver Shia
InstitutionsQom Hawza
Main interests
Notable ideas
Interpreting the Quran with the Quran
Signature

Biography

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He received his earlier education in his native Tabriz city, mastering the elements of Arabic and the religious sciences, and at about the age of twenty set out for the great Shiite university of Najaf to continue more advanced studies.[9] He studied at Najaf, under masters such as Ali Tabatabaei (in gnosis), Mirza Muhammad Husain Na'ini, Sheykh Muhammad Hossein Qaravi Esfahani (in Fiqh and Jurisprudence), Sayyid Abu'l-Qasim Khwansari (in Mathematics), as well as studying the standard texts of Avicenna's Shifa, the Asfar of Sadr al-Din Shirazi, and the Tamhid al-qawa'id of Ibn Turkah.

Published works

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In Najaf, Tabataba'i developed his major contributions in the fields of Tafsir (interpretation), philosophy, and history of the Shi'a faith. In philosophy the most important of his works is Usul-i falsafeh va ravesh-e-realism (The Principles of Philosophy and the Method of Realism), which has been published in five volumes with explanatory notes and the commentary of Morteza Motahhari. If Ayatollah Haeri is considered the reviver of Qom's hawza in an organizational sense, Tabataba'i's contributions to the field of tafsir, philosophy and mysticism represent the intellectual revitalization of the hawza with lasting implications for the curriculum.[1]

List of publications[1]

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  • A Shi'ite Anthology, translated into English by William Chittick[10]
  • Tafsir al-Mizan
  • Shi'a Islam (Persian: Shi’ah dar Islam)
  • The Principles of Philosophy and the Method of Realism (Persian: اصول فلسفه و روش رئالیسم Usul-i falsafeh va ravesh-i ri'alism) in five volumes, with the commentary of Murtada Mutahhari.[11]
  • Glosses al-kifayah (Persian: Hashiyahi kifayah). Glosses upon the new edition of the Asfar of Sadr al-Din Shirazi Mulla Sadra appearing under the direction of 'Allameh Tabataba'i of which seven volumes have appeared.
  • Dialogues with Professor Corbin (Persian: Mushabat ba Ustad Kurban) Two volumes based on conversations carried out between 'Allameh Tabataba'i and Henry Corbin of which the first volume was printed as the yearbook of Maktab-i tashayyu’, 1339 (A.H. Solar)
  • Risalah dar hukumat-i islami, (Treatise on Islamic Government).
  • Hashiyah-i kifayah (Glosses upon al-Kifayah).
  • Risalah dar quwwah wafi'(Treatise on Potentiality and Actuality).
  • Risalah dar ithbat-i dha~t (Treatise on the Proof of the Divine Essence).
  • Risalah dar sifat (Treatise on the Divine Attributes).
  • Risalah dar ata (Treatise on the Divine Acts).
  • Risalah dar wasa'il (Treatise on Means).
  • Risalah dar insan qabl al-dunya (Treatise on Man before the World)
  • Risalah dar insan fi al-dunya (Treatise on Man in the World).
  • Risalah dar insan ba'd al-dunya (Treatise on Man after the World).
  • Risalah dar nubuwwat (Treatise on Prophecy).
  • Risalah dar wilayat (Treatise on Initiation).
  • Risalah dar mushtaqqat (Treatise on Derivatives).
  • Risalah dar burhan (Treatise on Demonstration).
  • Risalah dar mughalatah (Treatise on Sophism).
  • Risalah dar tahlil (Treatise on Analysis).
  • Risalah dar tarkib (Treatise on Synthesis).
  • Risalah dar i’tibarat (Treatise on Contingents).
  • Risalah dar nubuwwat wa manamat (Treatise on Prophecy and Dreams)
  • Manza’mah dar rasm-i- khatt-i-nasta’liq (Poem on the Method of Writing the Nasta’liq Style of Calligraphy).
  • Ali wa al-falsafat al-ilahiya (Ali and Metaphysics)
  • Qur'an dar Islam (The Qur'an in Islam).

Poetry

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Tabataba'i was also a poet who composed mainly in Persian, but occasionally in Arabic.[citation needed] He also wrote articles and essays.[citation needed]

Pupils

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Some of his pupils include:[12][13][14]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f "Google Scholar Page".
  2. ^ http://hamshahrionline.ir/details/68287 (Hamshahri)
  3. ^ http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/73076/%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1 Tabnak News
  4. ^ al-Tijani al-Samawi, Muhammad (15 October 2012). "An Invitation to Friends to Join the Research". Al-Islam.org. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  5. ^ a b Ramin Jahanbegloo, In Search of the Sacred : A Conversation with Seyyed Hossein Nasr on His Life and Thought, ABC-CLIO (2010), p. 82-89, 106-108.
  6. ^ "An Introduction to the al-Mizan". Archived from the original on 2008-01-01.
  7. ^ * Jahanbaglu, Ramin (1998). Zire asmanhaye jahan (Below the skies of the world), An interview with Dariush Shayegan. Nashr Farzan. ISBN 964-6138-13-6., (in Persian)[1][permanent dead link‍]
  8. ^ Biography of Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei by Amid Algar, University of California, Berkeley, Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies.
  9. ^ Nasr, Seyyid Hossein in the preface to the book of Shiite in Islam by Allameh tabatabaei, 2005, p. 37
  10. ^ A Shiʿite Anthology.
  11. ^ Tabataba'I, Sayyid Muhammad Husayn (2010). The Return to Being: A Translation of Risalat al-Walayah. ICAS Press. p. 7. ISBN 9781904063360.
  12. ^ "زندگی‌نامه سيد محمد حسين طباطبايى (علامه طباطبایی)". www.noorsoft.org. Retrieved 2022-12-31.
  13. ^ "سید محمدحسین طباطبائی". ویکی شیعه (in Persian). Retrieved 2022-12-31.
  14. ^ "سید محمدحسین طباطبایی - ویکی فقه". fa.wikifeqh.ir. Retrieved 2022-12-31.
  15. ^ MaktabeVahy.org. "عارف کامل و سالک واصل حضرت علامه طهرانی قدس الله نفسه الزکیة | MaktabeVahy.org - مکتب وحی". MaktabeVahy.org (in Persian). Retrieved 2022-12-31.
  16. ^ a b حسینی طهرانی, سید محمد حسین. مهر تابان (in Persian). انتشارات علامه طباطبائی. p. 70.
  17. ^ مطهری, مرتضی. مجموعه‌آثار استاد شهید مطهری (in Persian). انتشارات صدرا. pp. ، ج۲۵، ص: ۴۲۹ ـ ۴۲۸.
  18. ^ "علامه آیةالله حسن حسن زاده آملی". عرفان و حکمت (in Persian). Retrieved 2022-12-31.
  19. ^ Riffi, Daoud (2020). "Seyyed Hossein Nasr, un intellectuel dans le siècle". Conscience Soufie (in French). 3 (March): 45–49.
  20. ^ حسینی طهرانی, سید محمد محسن. فقاهت در تشیع (in Persian) (1st ed.). iran: انتشارات آیین مکتب وحی. p. 29. ISBN 9786006112480.
  21. ^ MaktabeVahy.org. "آیت‌ الله حاج سید محمدمحسن حسینی طهرانی قدّس الله نفسه الزکیة | MaktabeVahy.org - مکتب وحی". MaktabeVahy.org (in Persian). Retrieved 2022-12-31.
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