Alpha Delta Theta (social)

Alpha Delta Theta (ΑΔΘ) was a national collegiate sorority operating in the United States from 1919 to 1939. The sorority officially affiliated with Phi Mu fraternity on August 30, 1939.

Alpha Delta Theta
ΑΔΘ
Founded	November 10, 1921 (November 10, 1921) Transylvania University
Type	Social
Former Affiliation	NPC
Status	Merged
Merge Date	August 30, 1939
Successor	Phi Mu
Scope	National
Motto	ΟΥΚ ΕΣΤΙΝ ΑΡΧΗΧΩ ΡΙΣΑΙΤΙΑΣ
Colors	Turquoise Blue,   Scarlet and   Silver
Symbol	Lit candlestick
Flower	French Sweet Pea
Publication	The Silhouette (1924-1929)    The Portals (1929-1939)
Chapters	25

History

Ten female students at Transylvania College in Lexington, Kentucky formed Alpha Theta, a local sorority. Alpha Theta approached an unnamed national sorority about membership; their request was denied because of Alpha Theta's affiliation with Hamilton, a junior college for women. Having heard that the National Panhellenic Conference "declared the number of national sororities was too small", the Alpha Thetas decided to form their own national group. On November 10, 1921, Alpha Theta became Alpha Delta Theta, though The Pledge Handbook of Alpha Delta Theta cites the founding date as November 10, 1919.

Within three years of existence, Alpha Delta Theta created eight collegiate chapters. The sorority was granted "associate membership" by the National Panhellenic Conference in October 1923. Three years later, the sorority had full membership. "It was admitted to the Congress at an earlier date in its history than any other fraternity". On March 15, 1926, Alpha Delta Theta was incorporated as a national organization in the state of Kentucky.

Alpha Delta Theta grew quickly and with much strength in its twenty years of existence. Two years after its founding, the sorority began expanding to other campuses. By 1932, Alpha Delta Theta had installed 25 collegiate chapters and 21 alumnae groups. The 1932–1933 academic year was especially noteworthy for ADT, as "it had the distinction of breaking all fraternity records in scholarship... when 34 percent of its chapters held first place in scholarship on their respective campuses".

Merger with Phi Mu

Despite these gains, Alpha Delta Theta had come into its flowering somewhat late when compared to the other established chapters on its campuses and thus faced several difficulties.

During the 1920s, while Alpha Delta Theta was prospering in the establishment of chapters, competing organizations had not been idle. There was a massive wave of building projects sweeping through those same venerable campuses where Alpha Delta Theta was placing its chapters. A decade, or sometimes multiple decades of alumni were able to bankroll and guarantee these projects where a startup chapter may not have such resources. Perhaps in a more kind economy, the passage of time would have resolved this in Alpha Delta Theta's favor, but the strain of the Great Depression meant that Greek participation dropped precipitously; larger chapters became shells of themselves, while small chapters were wiped out. Rather than a steep downturn followed by a quick, roaring reset to the economy, the Great Depression lingered, and more than anything, this led to a crisis where chapter after chapter failed: valued chapters on impressive campuses. National officers and chapter alumnae were faced with the potential of complete loss, a prospect that had been unthinkable just five years prior.

Thus, Alpha Delta Theta was not able to survive the 1930s. "With some larger chapter houses that were unable to cope with the post-depression years and with the extensive campus building programs necessary to be competitive, its Grand Council decided to take an unprecedented step". In the summer of 1938, Alpha Delta Theta officers sought out a national organization with history, values, and ideals similar to their own: Phi Mu was ultimately chosen. Carefully and quietly, Alpha Delta Theta and Phi Mu prepared the Letter of Agreement and other pertinent legal documents required for the distribution of Alpha Delta Theta's assets. "All officers, chapters, and alumnae groups were contacted in January 1939, and by May the unanimous approval as required by both Constitutions was in hand". "Unanimous approval" was an extraordinary feat in itself, and makes clear the focus that this crisis allowed these leaders. The summer was spent answering questions and resolving concerns about the merger. The affiliation became official on August 30, 1939.

After the 26th session of the National Panhellenic Conference in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, on November 4, 1939, ADT's NPC delegate Violet Young Gentry announced her organization's affiliation with Phi Mu fraternity. The next day, Alpha Delta Theta Corporation was dissolved. Phi Mu officers began initiating collegiate and alumnae members of Alpha Delta Theta. Phi Mu gained five new chapters through affiliation and eight through campus mergers. Four new alumnae groups from Alpha Delta Theta were installed as Phi Mu alumnae chapters; ADT's eighteen alumnae groups in cities where Phi Mu had alumnae chapters were disbanded and absorbed into Phi Mu.

Symbols and traditions

The local, Alpha Theta, used "Esse Non Videri" for the motto; the sweet pea for the flower; silver and turquoise blue for the colors.

The badge of Alpha Delta Theta is described as being of yellow gold, Delta shaped, and "superimposed upon a gold key placed horizontally". The center of the Delta was black enamel. Within the Delta, the Alpha was in the lower left-hand angle, the Delta in the apex, and the theta in the lower right-hand angle. Between the Alpha and theta was a "lighted candle in a candlestick.... with crossed palm branches above". The border could have fifteen pearls with an emerald at each angle of the Delta.

The pledge pin was "a vertical bar of silver, bearing the raised letters, Alpha Delta Theta, one above the other".

Emily H. Butterfield, in College Fraternity Heraldry, (1931) described the coat-of-arms as "argent; on a chief gules three keys of the first per fess, in base two palm branches saltirewise vert. Crest. A candle argent in candlestick flared of the same. Supporters. Two unicorns proper" (p. 28). The motto, a Greek phrase, was written on a banner under the shield. This coat-of-arms was adopted at the national convention in 1928; it is based entirely on ritualistic symbolism.

The official publications were The Portals and The Silhouette.

Activities

The sorority's national philanthropy was the supplying of books and periodicals to Buffalo School in Moores Creek, Kentucky. The school was remote, rural, and obviously in need of reading materials. Founder's Day was celebrated every November 10. All members gave one dollar to the Alpha Delta Theta philanthropic project.

Chapters

The chapters of Alpha Delta Theta at the time of the merger are as follows. Active chapters at that time are in bold, inactive chapters are noted in italics. Notes indicate whether two chapters merged or a new chapter was formed on the campus.

Name	Chartered	Institution	Location	Status	Notes	Reference
Alpha	November 10, 1919–November 6, 1939	Transylvania University	Lexington, KY	Merged, ΦΜ	Became the Delta Theta chapter of ΦΜ
Beta	1922–1937	University of Kentucky	Lexington, KY	Inactive
Gamma	1923–1939	University of Cincinnati	Cincinnati, OH	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Delta Zeta chapter of ΦΜ
Delta	1923–1934	University of Illinois	Champaign, IL	Inactive
Epsilon	1923–1933	Butler University	Indianapolis, IN	Inactive
Zeta	1923–1932	University of Nebraska	Lincoln, NE	Inactive
Eta	1924–1932	Ohio State University	Columbus, OH	Inactive
Theta	1924–1936	University of Washington	Seattle, WA	Inactive
Iota	1924–1934	University of California	Berkeley, CA	Inactive
Kappa	1925–1934	Ohio Wesleyan University	Delaware, OH	Inactive
Lambda	1926–1939	George Washington University	Washington, D.C.	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Beta Alpha chapter of ΦΜ
Mu	1926–1939	University of California, Los Angeles	Los Angeles, CA	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Eta Delta chapter of ΦΜ
Nu	1927–December 6, 1939	Nebraska Wesleyan University	Lincoln, NE	Merged, ΦΜ	Became the Zeta Kappa chapter of ΦΜ
Xi	1927–1939	Adelphi University	Garden City, NY	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Psi chapter of ΦΜ
Omicron	1928–1939	Brenau University	Gainesville, GA	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Mu chapter of ΦΜ
Pi	1928–1938 (revived?)	Howard College (Samford)	Homewood, AL	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Alpha Gamma chapter of ΦΜ
Rho	1929–1935	Ohio University	Athens, OH	Inactive
Sigma	1930–December 13, 1939	University of Tulsa	Tulsa, OK	Merged, ΦΜ	Became the Epsilon Gamma chapter of ΦΜ
Tau	1931–1935	University of Minnesota	Minneapolis, MN	Inactive
Upsilon	1931–1933	University of Missouri	Columbia, MO	Inactive
Phi	1931–1939	University of Southern California	Los Angeles, CA	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Iota Sigma chapter of ΦΜ
Chi	1932–1938	University of Nevada	Reno, NV	Inactive
Psi	1932–1939	Queens University of Charlotte	Charlotte, NC	Merged, ΦΜ	Joined the Gamma Gamma chapter of ΦΜ
Omega	1932–November 18, 1939	Bethany College	Bethany, WV	Merged, ΦΜ	Became the Beta Nu chapter of ΦΜ
Alpha Alpha	1934–November 12, 1939	College of Charleston	Charleston, SC	Merged, ΦΜ	Became the Alpha Kappa chapter of ΦΜ

The Creed of Alpha Delta Theta

To live each day as if it were the last:

To lift each moment to its clearest height;

To profit from the pages of the past

That I may judge between the wrong and right;

To hold my friends above my own desire,

And take the heavy end of friendship's load,

Yet blame them not if they perchance should tire,

And choose a gentler path, a smoother road;

To serve humanity as though 'twere God,

And see the human in His face divine;

To answer Truth's command and Beauty's nod,

And make their splendid consummations mine;

To dare to follow where I cannot lead-

This is my Alpha Delta Theta creed!

See also

• List of social sororities and women's fraternities