This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
Andrzej Butkiewicz (1955 – 7 March 2008) was a political activist opposing Communism in Poland during the 1970s and 1980s, imprisoned for his role in the Solidarity movement.
Andrzej Butkiewicz | |
|---|---|
 16 February 2008 | |
| Born | 30 June 1955[1] |
| Died | 7 March 2008 (age 53) |
| Alma mater | University of Gdansk |
| Occupation | Political activist |
| Years active | 1977–1981 |
| Known for | Democratic opposition leader in communist Poland; leader in the Solidarity movement |
| Title | Knight's Cross of the Order of Rebirth of Poland (posthumous) |
| Movement | Solidarity |
| Children | 3 |
Biography
editIn 1977, as a student of economy at the University of Gdańsk, Butkiewicz co-founded the Student Committee of Solidarity (Polish: Studencki Komitet Solidarności), a student organization opposing the Communist regime.[citation needed] His activities led to his expulsion from the university. Despite political pressure from the secret police, Butkiewicz continued his activism.
He was active in distributing underground news and literature and held underground meetings and classes of the "Flying University" at his apartment in Gdańsk.[2] During this period, he was interrogated and arrested several times by the police. In March 1980, he lost his job at the Gdańsk port because of his anti-government activities.[citation needed]
During the strikes in August 1980, Butkiewicz headed the printing office in the Gdynia Shipyard.[3][failed verification] The flyers and press releases from that printing office kept Gdańsk and the whole nation informed about the goals of the strike and its progress. These strikes were the birth of the independent trade union Solidarity. Butkiewicz was an active organizer and head of the union's printing office.[4] He worked with trade unions from the West to establish free press offices throughout Poland.[citation needed]
On 13 December 1981, martial law was declared by the Communist authorities in Poland; Butkiewicz, along with other Solidarity activists, was imprisoned. Butkiewicz's cellmate, Lech Kaczyński, later became President of Poland. When Butkiewicz was released from prison in 1982, he was forced to leave Poland with his wife and two young children; his third child was born in Boston. He settled in the Boston area, working in printing, and raised his family, but never cut off his ties with Poland.[citation needed]
Andrzej died of a heart attack at his home in Norton, Massachusetts on Friday, March 7, 2008. He was 53.[1][5] On 9 March 2008, President of Poland Lech Kaczyński posthumously awarded Butkiewicz the Knight's Cross of the Order of Rebirth of Poland.[6]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c "Odszedł Andrzej Butkiewicz..." [Andrzej Butkiewicz departed...]. Internowani 1981–1982. Archived from the original on 18 August 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
- ^ "Pokolenie NZS - Krótka historia NZS". Archived from the original on July 7, 2007. Retrieved 2017-04-05.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) accessed 12 Mar 2008 - ^ "Do Parlamentarzystów List otwarty w sprawie IPN" [An Open Letter to Parliamentarians on the IPN]. Gdańsk: Opcja na Prawo. 17 December 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-01-04. Retrieved 12 March 2008.
Andrzej Butkiewicz, drukarz, Boston, USA
- ^ "Drukarnie strajkowe" [Printing strike]. Rzeczpospolita. Presspublica Sp. 13 August 2005. Retrieved 12 March 2008.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Obituary". Boston Herald. 12 March 2008.[dead link]
- ^ "Andrzej Butkiewicz odznaczony pośmiertnie Krzyżem Kawalerskim Orderu Odrodzenia Polski" [Andrzej Butkiewicz was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Rebirth of Poland]. Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Lech Kaczyński. 13 March 2008. Archived from the original on 16 March 2008.