Angaatiha (also known as Angaatiya, Angaataha, or Langimar) is the most divergent of the Angan languages in the Trans-New Guinea language family. It is native to the Menyanya District of Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. As of 2015 it was estimated that there were 2,500 speakers.[1] Ethnic speakers of the region who speak Angaatiha are called Angaatiya.[citation needed] The status of the language is categorized as a level 5 developing language.[1] Its ISO code is agm.[2]
| Angaatiha | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Papua New Guinea |
| Region | Morobe Province |
Native speakers | 2,500 (2015)[1] |
Trans–New Guinea
| |
| Latin script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | agm |
| Glottolog | anga1290 |
Like most languages spoken in Papua New Guinea, Angaatiha contains the subject-object-verb word order[3] and utilizes the Latin script.[1]
The Angaatiha language is notable for its usage of varying pragmatic sequencing dependent on whether a sentence contains temporal or logical information.[4]
Classification
editAmerican linguist Merritt Ruhlen gave the following classification of Angaatiha in his book A Guide to the World's Languages Volume 1: Classification:[5]
- Indo-pacific Languages
- New World Languages
- Major
- Central-Western
- Angan
- Language of Angaatiha
- Angan
- Central-Western
- Major
- New World Languages
Temporal and logical sequencing
editThe Angaatiha language features two forms of pragmatic sequencing, each respectively reserved for situations that require conveying temporal and logical information. Both temporal and logical sequencing have been described as having either "loose" and "tight" relationships between sentences. Much like that of the Kâte language, also spoken in the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea, "tight" and "loose" sequencing in Angaatiha holds a relationship of "continuing pragmatic effects from one event to the next" versus "a lingering pragmatic effect that continues indefinitely".[4]
Language sample
editTranslated sample in Angaataha of the Book of Genesis of the Bible:
Angaatiha:
- Nsihi aimihuraari Autaahaatiho yamihapatuni yapipatuni ahaitantaihi kahapaamipipa nopisasinati ahontaise. Ahotihi Autaahaatihomi Itipiho kaiwaami autaahi ntaayataise. Iyataati nahataapipihi asihatamataise. Asihatamasihi Autaahaatiho santaase saasanetane tihi saasanentaise. Saasanetihi Autaahaatiho imonatati nkaatihi otapihaate ta ampihintaase. Iyati asihatintihanti yantihi apatihe ta ampihintaase. Iyati kaihi asisiha nsiha noaipataise. Aihi Autaahaatiho santaase waapoho natapaatati wo autaahi niyonihi wo yatihi noti nimantane ntaase. Tihi kiyati noaipataise. Aihi waapoho tipitapaatimpipihapi yamihapate ta ampihintaase. Aihi siyati kaihi asisiha kapiha sanausotaise.[6]
English:
- "In the beginning God created heaven and earth. The earth was formless and empty, and darkness covered the deep water. The spirit of God was hovering over the water. Then God said, "Let there be light!" So there was light. God saw the light was good. So God separated the light from the darkness. God named the light "day", and the darkness he named "night". There was evening, then morning, the first day. Then God said, "Let there be a horizon in the middle of the water in order to separate the water". So God made the horizon and separated the water above and below the horizon. And so it was. God named what was above the horizon "sky". There was evening, then morning, a second day."
References
edit- ^ a b c d Angaatiha at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ "Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: agm".
- ^ Matthew S. Dryer. 2013. Order of Subject, Object and Verb. In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at http://wals.info/chapter/81, Accessed on 2018-03-09.)
- ^ a b Grimes, Joseph Evans (1975). The Thread of Discourse. Walter de Gruyter. p. 40. ISBN 9789027931641.
- ^ Merritt Ruhlen. "A Guide to the World's Languages, Vol. 1: Classification", 1987, str. 301–378
- ^ "Angaatiha Language Sample".
