Apachite is a copper silicate mineral with a general formula of Cu9Si10O29·11H2O.[4] The name is associated with the Apache tribe residents of the area near the Christmas copper mine in the Dripping Spring Mountains of Gila County, Arizona, the location where apachite was first described in 1980.[5]
| Apachite | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| Category | Silicate mineral |
| Formula (repeating unit) | Cu9Si10O29·11(H2O) |
| IMA symbol | Apa[1] |
| Strunz classification | 9.HE.10 |
| Crystal system | Monoclinic Unknown space group |
| Unit cell | a = 12.89, b = 6.055 c = 19.11 [Å], β = 90.42° V = 1,490.24 Å3; Z = 2 |
| Identification | |
| Formula mass | 1514.92 g/mol |
| Color | light blue |
| Crystal habit | spherical, rounded aggregates |
| Mohs scale hardness | 2 |
| Luster | nonmetallic, silky |
| Streak | light blue |
| Diaphaneity | translucent |
| Specific gravity | 3.37 |
| Optical properties | biaxial negative |
| Refractive index | nα=1.610, nβ=1.650, nγ=1.650 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.040 |
| 2V angle | Small |
| References | [2][3] |
Apachite has monoclinic crystal symmetry, displaying 3 axes of unequal length with two of the axes perpendicular to each other as well as one angle oriented less than 90°.[3] The mineral has a maximum birefringence value of δ = 0.040 which describes the difference between the highest and lowest index of refraction for the mineral. Apachite is an anisotropic mineral, so the velocity of light varies for this mineral.
It occurs in retrograde metamorphic environment as fractures cutting garnet diopside skarn. It occurs associated with kinoite, gilalite, stringhamite, junitoite, clinohedrite, xonotlite, apophyllite, calcite and tobermorite.[3]
References
edit- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ Webmineral data
- ^ a b c Handbook of Mineralogy
- ^ American Geological Institute. University of Texas Libraries Archived 2010-06-10 at the Wayback Machine. "Glossary of Geology." September 8, 2010
- ^ Mindat.org
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