Apa (born Lhakpa Tenzing Sherpa; 20 January 1960),[1] nicknamed "Super Sherpa",[2] is a Nepalese Sherpa mountaineer who, until 2017, jointly with Phurba Tashi held the record for reaching the summit of Mount Everest more times than any other climber. As part of The Eco Everest Expedition 2011, Apa made his 21st Mount Everest summit in May 2011 then retired after a promise to his wife to stop climbing after 21 ascents.[3][4] He first summited Everest in 1990 and his last time to the summit was in 2011.[4]
Apa | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 20 January 1960 |
| Nationality | Nepalese |
| Other names | Apa Sherpa Appa Sherpa Lhakpa Tenzing Sherpa |
| Known for | 21 ascents of Mount Everest |
Apa met Edmund Hillary many times, and was on the Expedition with his son Peter Hillary in 1990, which was the first summit for both of them.[4] Apa estimates he has been through the Khumbu Icefall about 1000 times and almost went with Rob Hall's ill-fated 1996 expedition.[4]
When questioned about stopping at 21, Apa stated: "Everyone says 21 is a good number. I have to make my family happy. Every time I go, they worry because Everest is very risky."[4] He was still the joint holder of the world record of Mount Everest summits as of 2017, with Phurba Tashi and Kami Rita Sherpa, but the record was broken in 2018 by Kami Rita Sherpa.[5][6]
Early life
editLhakpa Tenzing Sherpa was born in Thame, a village in the Everest region of Nepal, near the Chinese border. Following his father's death when he was 12 years old, Apa had to take up the responsibilities of his family, consisting of his mother, two sisters and three young brothers. He dropped out of school and earned money working as a porter for mountaineering groups. His climbing career began in 1985, and he worked as a kitchen boy and porter for various groups but was not given the opportunity to reach the summit until 1990.[1]
Personal life
editApa married Yangjin, then also a resident of Thame, in 1988 and has two sons—Tenjing and Pemba—and a daughter Dawa. A fourth child died in 2004.[7] In December, 2006, the family moved to the United States with the help of his friend Jerry Mika to provide their children a better education and for business opportunities. They live in Draper, Utah.[8][9]
In April 2009, Apa founded the Apa Sherpa Foundation, dedicated to the improvement of education and economic development in Nepal.[10] Although he worked as a guide for years, he wants young people to have other career options. "The Sherpas do all the hard work and they were the only ones taken in this tragedy," he said in 2014 after 16 Sherpas died in an avalanche on 18 April.[11] (In 2015, 10 Sherpas died at the Everest Base Camp after the avalanches in the wake of the April 2015 Nepal earthquake. In total, 118 Sherpas have died on Everest between 1921 and 2018.)[12][13] "They are doing this [mountain guiding and portering] because they have ... no other choice to make money. With an education they have a choice. Our goal is to give the younger generation a chance to go to school so they don't have to climb."[11]
When not on expeditions, Apa works for Diamond Mold, a precision machining and injection molding company in Salt Lake City, Utah that has also supported his foundation.[14][15][16] [17] He then began his career as Sirdar, or chief Sherpa, for many high altitude expeditions. Except for 1996 and 2001, he reached the summit every year between 1990 and 2011; all but three times have been in May. In 1992 he reached the summit twice.
Apa in his May 2010 Trek says that climbing to Everest has become tough due to the melting of ice and rock surfaces. He sees visible changes on the Everest summit due to global warming.[18][19]
After retirement
editAfter climbing Everest 21 times, he retired in 2011 and eventually moved to the Salt Lake City area of Utah but frequently travels to Nepal. In 2009, he co-founded The Apa Sherpa Foundation, a group striving to provide better education and an improved economy in Nepal.[20][21]
Ascents of Mount Everest
editApa summitted Mount Everest a total of 21 times and also participated in unsuccessful attempts.
At one time, Apa held the world record with 21 ascents of Everest, which he then held jointly with Phurba Tashi and later, with Kami Rita Sherpa. In 2018 however, the latter made his 22nd ascent on 16 May, putting Apa and Tashi in a tie for second.[22] In May 2019, Kami Rita Sherpa scaled Everest for the 23rd time, breaking his own record.[23]
| # | Date | Expedition |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | May 10, 1990 | International |
| 2 | May 8, 1991 | Sherpa Support/American Lhotse |
| 3 | May 12, 1992 | New Zealand |
| 4 | October 7, 1992 | Everest International |
| 5 | May 10, 1993 | American |
| 6 | October 10, 1994 | Everest International |
| 7 | May 15, 1995 | American On Sagarmatha |
| 8 | April 26, 1997 | Indonesian |
| 9 | May 20, 1998 | EEE |
| 10 | May 26, 1999 | Asian-Trekking |
| 11 | May 24, 2000 | Everest Environmental Expedition |
| 12 | May 16, 2002 | Swiss Everest 50th Anniversary Expedition 1952–2002 |
| 13 | May 26, 2003 | American Commemorative Expedition |
| 14 | May 17, 2004 | Dream Everest Expedition 2004 |
| 15 | May 31, 2005 | Climbing for a cure |
| 16 | May 19, 2006 | Team No Limit |
| 17 | May 16, 2007 | Super Sherpas |
| 18 | May 22, 2008 | The Eco Everest Expedition |
| 19 | May 21, 2009 | The Eco Everest Expedition |
| 20 | May 22, 2010 | The Eco Everest Expedition |
| 21 | May 11, 2011 | The Eco Everest Expedition |
On his 19th expedition, the team spent half an hour at the top of the mountain, unfurling a banner that said "Stop Climate Change".[24] The team brought down five tonnes of mountain trash that includes parts of a crashed helicopter, tin cans and climbing material.[2] On this expedition, a friend and fellow Sherpa, Lhakpa Nuru, was swept away in an avalanche on May 7, 2009, and died.[25][26]
Great Himalayan Trail
editIn April 2012, he successfully led the first expedition to complete the Great Himalaya Trail, a 1,700-kilometre (1,050-mile) trek spanning the entire length of the Nepalese Himalayas.[27] The Great Himalaya Trail is considered to be one of the world's most difficult treks.[27] Sherpa and three companions set off in January on the Climate Smart Celebrity Trek, an expedition promoting tourism and highlighting the effects of climate change.[27] The adventurers set out from the shadow of the world's third-highest peak, Mount Kanchenjunga, in the east and finished at Nepal's border with Tibet in the west, 20 days ahead of schedule.[27] Along the way they traversed some of the world's most rugged landscapes, ascending beyond 6,000 metres (19,600 feet).[27] Dawa Steven Sherpa, a member of the expedition who has climbed Everest twice, said the group found mountain communities that rely on subsistence farming were suffering the effects of climate change.[27]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "The Sherpas of Everest Series: Apa Sherpa". EverestHistory.com. Archived from the original on 2009-06-25. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ a b "The world's most renowned Sherpa talks Mt. Everest". Washington Post. 5 May 2014. Retrieved 2016-03-01.
- ^ "World Record: Apa Sherpa's Everest summit no 21". Archived from the original on 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2011-05-11.
- ^ a b c d e Clash, Jim. "Meet The Man Who Has Been To The Top Of Everest A World Record 21 Times". Forbes. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
- ^ "Kami Rita Sherpa scales Mt Everest for record 22 times". The Himalayan Times. Retrieved 2023-08-01.
- ^ "Sherpa eyes record-breaking 22nd Everest climb". Gulf Times. Retrieved 2023-08-01.
- ^ Fahys, Judy (2007-01-19). "Utah's own sherpa to set record on Everest". The Salt Lake Tribune.
- ^ "Sixteen summits later:Everest climber begins a new life in Utah". The Santa Fe New Mexican. 2006-12-28.
- ^ Gorrell, Mike. "Climber from Nepal reaches for personal summit in SLC". The Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on 18 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ "World record holder Apa Sherpa to create new foundation". Archived from the original on 9 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ a b "Apa Sherpa: After deadly avalanche, 'leave Everest alone'".
- ^ "Everest 2018: Summit Wave 9 Recap - More Sherpa Deaths with Summits". 22 May 2018.
- ^ "Will Everest's Climbing Circus Slow Down After Disasters?". 13 May 2015. Archived from the original on May 15, 2015.
- ^ [1] Archived November 12, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ Howe, Steve. "The Porters' Progress". Backpacker. Archived from the original on 2012-02-23. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
- ^ "Another man conquers highest peak". Aiken Standard. 10 May 1990.
- ^ "WWF - Climate Witness: Apa Sherpa, Nepal". Wwf.panda.org. 2009-10-15. doi:10.1007/s10584-009-9555-9. S2CID 155024036. Archived from the original on 2015-06-21. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Climate change making Everest more dangerous: Sherpa". Physorg.com. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
- ^ "Team".
- ^ "This veteran Sherpa is trying to reach the top of Everest for a record-breaking 22nd time". Independent.co.uk. 11 April 2018. Archived from the original on 2022-05-07.
- ^ "Kami Rita Sherpa scales Mt Everest for record 22 times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-06-02.
- ^ "Sherpa climber scales Mount Everest for a record 23rd time". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ "Utahn Apa Sherpa tops Everest for the 19th time". The Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on 25 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ "Sherpa swept away in Mount Everest avalanche". The Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on 14 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ "Appa summits Everest for 19th time". Republica. Archived from the original on 23 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ a b c d e f "Nepal's 'Super Sherpa' crosses the Himalayas". AFP. Archived from the original on January 25, 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2012.