Gyraulus crista, commonly called the Nautilus ramshorn, is a minute species of freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.
| Gyraulus crista | |
|---|---|
_crista.JPG)
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Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Superorder: | Hygrophila |
| Family: | Planorbidae |
| Genus: | Gyraulus |
| Subgenus: | G. (Armiger) |
| Species: | G. crista
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| Binomial name | |
| Gyraulus crista | |
| Synonyms | |
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Nautilus crista Linnaeus, 1758 | |
Subspecies
editSubspecies include:
- Gyraulus crista cristatus Draparnaud, 1805
- Gyraulus crista nautilus Linnaeus, 1767
- Gyraulus crista spinulosus Clessin
Distribution
editThe distribution of this species is Holarctic (spread across the northern part of the whole northern hemisphere). The distribution type is circumpolar wide-temperate, and the range includes:
- Czech Republic[3] - least concern (LC)[4]
- Slovakia[3]
- Germany
- Italy
- Netherlands[5]
- Sweden
- The British Isles, Great Britain, Ireland
- See Fauna Europaea for European distribution.
Shell description
editThe minute shell is nearly planispiral in its coiling, but the spire is actually considerably sunken rather than raised (which is usually the case with gastropods).
The shell has regular transverse ridges which form points extending beyond the main curve of the periphery of the shell.
The shell color is a translucent yellowy-brown. The maximum shell dimension is about 3 mm.
Ecology
editThis snail lives on water plants in clear still freshwater. In Ireland it is common in medium to very small habitats including slow streams, drains and marsh and fen pools It is occasionally found in very acid waters.
This minute species, although technically a pulmonate gastropod, does not use air for respiration but instead absorbs oxygen through its mantle cavity which is full of water.
References
edit- ^ Killeen I., Van Damme D. & Seddon M. B. (2011). "Gyraulus crista". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 09 March 2015.
- ^ Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th edition. - Vermes. Testacea: 700-781. Holmiae. (Salvius).
- ^ a b (in Czech) Horsák M., Juřičková L., Beran L., Čejka T. & Dvořák L. (2010). "Komentovaný seznam měkkýšů zjištěných ve volné přírodě České a Slovenské republiky. [Annotated list of mollusc species recorded outdoors in the Czech and Slovak Republics]". Malacologica Bohemoslovaca, Suppl. 1: 1-37. PDF.
- ^ Juřičková L., Horsák M. & Beran L., 2001: Check-list of the molluscs (Mollusca) of the Czech Republic. Acta Soc. Zool. Bohem., 65: 25-40.
- ^ "Anemoon > Flora en Fauna > Soorteninformatie". www.anemoon.org.
External links
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