The Ebro Army (Spanish: Ejército del Ebro) was a Spanish Republican army during the Spanish Civil War.
History
editThe army was formed in April 1938 as the Autonomous Group of the Ebro (Spanish : Agrupación Autónoma del Ebro), but was renamed Ebro Army on 23 May 1938.[1] It was established on the basis of the V Army Corps, was reinforced with the newly created XV Army Corps and became an elite unit of the Republican troops.[2]
The army fought in the Battle of the Ebro. Fortified in mountainous terrain, it withstood seven offensives by Nationalist troops.[2] Ultimately, it was forced to withdraw towards France. Between 5 and 10 February 1939, soldiers of the Ebro Army crossed the Spanish-French border and were interned in camps in France.[3]
Order of Battle
edit- 25 July 1938
| Army Corps | Divisions[4] | Commander |
|---|---|---|
| V Army Corps | 35th, 3rd & 42nd | Manuel Tagüeña |
| XV Army Corps | 11th, 46th & 45th | Enrique Líster |
| XII Army Corps | 16th, 44th & 56th | Etelvino Vega |
Leaders
edit- Commander
- Militia Colonel Juan Modesto;[5]
- Comisar
- Chief of Staff
References
edit- ^ Bron 1976, p. 35.
- ^ a b Romero Salvado 2009, p. 212.
- ^ Bron 1976, p. 21.
- ^ Salas Larrazábal 2006, p. 1975.
- ^ Engel 1999, p. 176.
- ^ Alpert 2013, p. 195.
- ^ Álvarez 1989, pp. 130, 186.
- ^ Alonso Baquer 2004, p. 511.
- ^ Martínez Bande 1977, p. 18.
Sources
edit- Alonso Baquer, Miguel (2004). La Esfera de los Libros (ed.). El Ebro, la batalla decisiva de los cien días.
- Alpert, Michael (2013). Cambridge University Press (ed.). The Republican Army in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939.
- Álvarez, Santiago (1989). Ediciós do Castro (ed.). Los comisarios políticos en el Ejército Popular de la República.
- Bron, Michał (1976). Warsaw (ed.). Bitwa nad Ebro i udział w niej Polaków.
- Engel, Carlos (1999). Almena (ed.). Historia de las Brigadas Mixtas del Ejército Popular de la República. 84-922644-7-0.
- Martínez Bande, José Manuel (1977). Editorial San Martín (ed.). La ofensiva sobre Valencia.
- Suero Roca, M.ª Teresa (1981). Ed. Península Ibérica (ed.). Militares republicanos de la Guerra de España. 84-297-1706-4.
- Salas Larrazábal, Ramón (2006). La Esfera de los Libros (ed.). Historia del Ejército Popular de la República. 84-9734-465-0.
- Romero Salvado, Francisco (2009). Palgrave Macmillan (ed.). The Spanish Civil War: Origins, Course and Outcomes.