Wikipedia

Texas Killing Fields

(Redirected from Audrey Cook)
For the 2011 film, see Texas Killing Fields (film). For the Netflix docuseries, see Crime Scene: The Texas Killing Fields.

The Texas Killing Fields is a title used to roughly denote the area surrounding the Interstate Highway 45 corridor southeast of Houston, where since the early 1970s, more than 30 bodies have been found, and specifically to a 25-acre patch of land in League City, Texas[1] where four women were found between 1983 and 1991. The bodies along the corridor were mainly of girls or young women.[2] Furthermore, many additional young girls have disappeared from this area who are still missing. Most of the victims were aged between 12 and 25 years. Some shared similar physical features, such as similar hairstyles.[3]

Texas Killing Fields and in Houston
Location of League City, Southeast Texas
LocationLeague City, Galveston County, Texas
Coordinates29°29′59″N 95°5′13″W / 29.49972°N 95.08694°W / 29.49972; -95.08694
MotiveUndetermined (multiple cases). Possible sexual assault in several instances.

Despite efforts by the League City, Texas police, along with the assistance of the FBI, very few of these murders have been solved. The area has been described as "a perfect place [for] killing somebody and getting away with it".[2] After visiting some of the sites of recovered bodies in League City, Ami Canaan Mann, director of the film Texas Killing Fields, commented: "You could actually see the refineries that are in the south end of League City. You could see I-45. But if you yelled, no one would necessarily hear you. And if you ran, there wouldn't necessarily be anywhere to go."[4] A task force composed of local law enforcement officials and FBI agents, called Operation HALT (Homicide/Abduction Liaison Team), has been formed to investigate the incidents.

Victims

edit

Confirmed or suspected victims, listed chronologically:

  • Colette Anise Wilson, 13, disappeared from the Alvin Bus Stop on County Road 99 and Highway 6 in Alvin, Texas after she was dropped off by her band director on June 17, 1971. Her body was found five months later on November 26, 1971, near the Addicks Reservoir, close to where the body of Gloria Gonzales was discovered four months later, just 35 yards from where Colette had been located.[5]
  • Brenda Kaye Jones, 14, was last seen while walking to Galveston hospital, close to Interstate Highway 45 on her way to visit her aunt on July 1, 1971, in Galveston, Texas. Her body was found on July 2, 1971, floating in nearby Galveston Bay near Pelican Island, close to the Seawolf Parkway and near Interstate Highway 45 the next day.[5]
 
Rhonda Johnson (left) and Sharon Shaw
  • Rhonda Renee Johnson, 14, and Sharon Lynn Shaw, 13,[6] disappeared in Harris County, Texas, on the afternoon of August 4, 1971. Both were last seen walking along Seawall Boulevard in Galveston near a local beach. On January 3, 1972, two boys fishing in Clear Lake discovered a human skull floating in the water, which they had initially believed to be a sports ball.[7] Six weeks later, searchers discovered the rest of the body, along with that of another girl, in a marsh near the lake. According to a coroner's inquest filed on February 17, 1972, the skull found in the lake was determined via dental records to have belonged to Shaw. Additionally, a crucifix found wrapped around the jawbone of the skull was identified by Shaw's mother to have belonged to her daughter. The other body found in the marsh was positively identified as Johnson.[5]
  • Gloria Ann Gonzales, 19, was last seen on October 28, 1971, near her apartment on Jacquelyn Street in Houston, Texas. Her skeletal remains were found near Addicks Reservoir in the same area as Colette Wilson on November 23, 1971.[8]
  • Allison Anne Craven, 12, was reported missing by her mother on November 9, 1971, when she returned to their apartment in Houston, Texas near Interstate 45 after completing shopping errands for one hour. Three months later police found Craven's partial remains in a nearby field, two hands along with bones from an arm and some teeth. On February 25, 1972, the rest of her skeleton was found in a Pearland, Texas field, also near Interstate 45 and ten miles from where she was last seen.[5]
  • Debbie Catherine Ackerman and Maria Talbot Johnson, both 15, were last seen attempting to hitchhike to Houston, Texas near an island ice cream shop in Galveston, Texas on November 15, 1971. Witnesses reported seeing a man in a white van stopping by the curb side and picking up the girls after agreeing to drive them to Houston. Their bodies were found bound and partially nude in Turner's Bayou on November 17, 1971, near Texas City.[9]
  • Kimberly Raye Pitchford, 16, was last seen at Dobie High School in Houston, Texas while she was there for a driving test on January 3, 1973. Her body was found by two teenaged boys two days later in a ditch in Angleton, Texas around noon on County Road 65 in Brazoria County on January 5, 1973.[5]
  • Brooks Bracewell, 12, and Georgia Caroline Geer, 14, were both last seen at the UtoteM convenience store off of Interstate 45 on September 6, 1974. At the time of their disappearance, police insisted that Bracewell and Geer were runaways, only beginning to investigate foul play in 1981.[10] In 1976, partial skeletal remains belonging to Bracewell were found by police in a culvert in Alvin, Texas, nearby the pair's last known location, but were not connected to Bracewell and Geer at the time, and were only identified as Bracewell after a new detective took over the case in 1981.[10] The ditch where they were originally found was reexamined on April 3, 1981, and more remains were found as well as the fragments of a gold sweater and plaid pants.[10]
  • Suzanne “Suzie” Bowers, 12, was last seen walking along a three-minute route between her grandmother's house at the 4000 block of Avenue S and her own home at the 3100 block of Avenue P at around 10:45 a.m. on May 21, 1977, in Galveston, Texas. The seventh grader was going home to get her swimsuit to go to the beach. Her skeletal remains were found two years later in Alta Loma, Texas on March 25, 1979.[5]
  • Tina Gail Clouse, 17, and Harold Dean Clouse Jr., 21,[11] were found on January 12, 1981, in northern Harris County, Texas, in a boggy, wooded area just north of the Houston city limits. A civilian's dog let to wander into the woods returned to its owner with a decomposing human arm. Search parties prompted by the dog's discovery subsequently found the heavily decomposed bodies of the Clouse couple near Wallisville Road. Despite significant decomposition, it was determined that both were victims of homicide. Tina had been strangled, and Harold had been bound and gagged[12] before being beaten to death.[13] In 2021, forensic genealogists positively identified Dean and Tina, and in 2022, their daughter Holly Marie was located alive in Oklahoma.[14]
  • Michelle Angela Garvey, 15, went missing from New London, Connecticut, presumably after running away from home, on June 1, 1982, at the age of 14.[15] Garvey's body was found on July 1, 1982, in Baytown, Texas, one month after she went missing. The cause of death of the victim was determined to be strangulation. There was evidence that Garvey had been sexually assaulted. Her body was found wearing brown clothing, including a long-sleeved, button-down shirt with a distinct horse embroidery on the breast pocket.[16] The body was disposed of in a field after she died, possibly hours after her murder. She was buried near two other unidentified murder victims found in 1981 who were identified in 2021 as Dean and Tina Clouse.[17][18] Garvey was identified in January 2014, through the efforts of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children and the Harris County Police Department, who had contacted her family and obtained samples of their DNA for testing in August 2013.[19][20][21]
  • Susan Lee Eads, 20, was a cocktail waitress who left her family home in Harris County, Texas at around 4:30 p.m. on August 30, 1983, to her workplace. The following day, a motorist discovered her body a few miles from her home. She was naked and had bruises on her back and face. Susan had been strangled to death with the bodysuit she was wearing, which had been used as a tourniquet.[22] Her car was found parked adjacent to the vacant lot where she was found. An autopsy determined that she had been sexually assaulted. Eads was last seen at a local club with a white man wearing a cowboy hat. Her mother received phone calls from an unidentified man who claimed to have photos of her daughter. He referred to himself as “Bill,” and said that he lived in Houston, Texas. A DNA profile extracted from Eads' body was matched to Arthur Raymond Davis Jr., a Vietnam War veteran and a boat captain. He died on January 16, 1984, after a single-vehicle accident.[23]
  • Heidi Marie Villarreal-Fye, 25, was a cocktail waitress last seen on October 10, 1983, at a convenience store located off of West Main Street and Hobbs in League City, Texas. On April 4, 1984, Villarreal-Fye's remains were discovered after a dog brought her skull to a nearby house in Calder Field on the 3000 block of Calder Road near League City, Texas.[5]
 
Sondra Ramber
  • Sondra Kay Ramber, 14, was last seen at her family's home in Santa Fe, Texas on October 26, 1983. She was determined to be missing due to the fact that the front door was left open, food was in the oven, and her purse and coat were still in the house. She was initially believed to have gone to the store for a moment, but she never returned.[24]
  • Laura Lynn Miller, 16, was last seen on September 10, 1984, at the same convenience store Villarreal-Fye was last seen at a year earlier in League City, Texas, using a payphone to call her boyfriend. Her remains were found on February 2, 1986, 60 ft away from where police had found Villarreal-Fye the year before.[5]
  • Ellen Rae Simpson Beason, 29, was last seen with friends on July 29, 1985, at the Texas Moon Club in League City, Texas, where she met local construction worker Clyde Hedrick. Later that evening, she told her friends that she and Hedrick had made plans to go swimming. Her decomposed remains were discovered underneath a sofa in a wooded area beside Old Causeway Road in Galveston County.[25] The medical examiner was unable to determine the cause of death at that time, but upon the exhumation of her remains in 2012, it was ruled that she had suffered several severe skull fractures.[5]
  • Michelle Doherty Thomas, 17, was last seen leaving her familial residence in Santa Fe, Texas on October 5, 1985, after having returned from work at a Galveston, Texas gas station.[26] She left to meet with friends at a nearby nightclub located on Galveston Island later that evening. Acquaintances claimed they had stopped at a convenience store on the way to the nightclub, and Michelle had gotten into a vehicle with two men. She has not been seen since. Authorities believe that she may have been abducted and murdered.[27]
  • Audrey Lee Cook, 30,[28][29] was last heard from in late December 1985. Cook's remains were found in a field in the 3000 block of Calder Road, on the same day that the body of Laura Miller was located nearby. The victims’ bodies were not buried but rather hidden from view. Both were left in a supine position near a tree. Cook had a small calibre gunshot wound to the back, severing her spine, and she had suffered additional injuries to several ribs.[30] She was identified in April 2019 along with Donna Prudhomme by Family Tree DNA using genetic genealogy.[31][32][33]
  • Shelley Kathleen Sikes, 19, was last seen leaving her job as a waitress at Gaido's Seafood Restaurant on the beachfront in Galveston, Texas just prior to 12:00 a.m. on May 24, 1986. Her car was found the next day, stuck in mud, blood-stained, and abandoned on the side of an Interstate 45 access road, south of the Galveston causeway.[34] The driver's side window had been broken, and bloodstains were discovered on the door and on the driver's seat. Sikes' body has never been found, but John Robert King[35] and Gerald Peter Zwarst[36] have been charged and convicted of her murder.[37][38]
  • Suzanne Rene Richerson, 22,[39][40] was employed as a night clerk at Casa Del Mar Condominiums on Seawall Boulevard in Galveston, Texas. She was last seen at work at 6:00 a.m. on October 7, 1988, by resort security guards, and shortly afterward another employee who was sleeping in the room above Richerson's office heard a loud female scream. The witness claimed to have then heard a car door slam shut accompanied by another scream and the sound of a car speeding away from the parking lot. A guest arrived at Richerson's office to check out at around 6:30 a.m. and discovered the desk abandoned.[41]
  • Donna Marie Prudhomme, 34,[28][29][30][42] was last seen in July 1991 in Nassau Bay, Texas. On September 8, 1991, a local resident came across her badly decomposed body in a field beside Calder Road. A medical examination concluded that she had died at least six weeks prior, yet a cause of death could not be determined. She was identified in April 2019 along with Audrey Cook by Family Tree DNA with the use of genetic genealogy.[31][32][33]
  • Lynette Bibbs, 14, and Tamara Fisher, 15 disappeared on February 1, 1996, after visiting a Houston, Texas club for teenagers. A 22-year-old male later claimed to have dropped the friends off at a motel near the city center on Old Spanish Trail. The bodies of the two girls were found dumped by a rural road two days later on February 3, 1996, in Cleveland, Texas.[43]
  • Krystal Jean Baker, 13,[44] was last seen near the Interstate 45 on March 5, 1996, in Texas City leaving her grandmother's home for a convenience store to use the phone after an argument. Krystal was last seen using a phone at a local convenience store to ask her friend if she could stay with her.[45] Two hours later, her body was found. She had been raped, strangled, and dumped over the Interstate 10 Trinity River bridge. Baker's great aunt was Marilyn Monroe.[46] Kevin Edison Smith was convicted of capital murder in her death in 2012 and sentenced to life in prison.[47] In 2019, Governor Greg Abbott signed into law the Krystal Jean Baker Act, which permits the collection of DNA from individuals arrested for certain felonies, prior to conviction.[48][49]
  • Laura Smither, 12,[50] was last seen in Friendswood, Texas jogging down her home street on April 3, 1997, after telling her mother she was going on a 20-minute run. Seventeen days later, on April 20, 1997, her body was found in a retention pond in Pasadena, Texas.[51] In 1998, her parents established the Laura Recovery Center, a non-profit organization that aids the search for and recovery of kidnapping victims.[50] William Lewis Reece was convicted of the murders of Laura Smither, Kelli Cox and Jessica Cain in June 2022.[52]
  • Kelli Ann Cox,[52] 20, was last seen July 15, 1997, at a Connoco gas station and convenience store in Denton, Texas, after locking herself out of her car and making a call to her boyfriend for help using the station's outdoor payphone. Over eighteen years later on March 18, 2016, Kelli's remains were discovered after suspected serial killer William Lewis Reece directed investigators to search an area in Brazoria County, Texas, where her remains were found. Reece confessed to and was convicted of the murders of Laura Smither, Kelli Cox, and Jessica Cain in June 2022.[52]
  • Jessica Lee Cain, 17,[53] was last seen at the Bennigan's restaurant near Baybrook Mall in Clear Lake, Texas dining with friends at around 1:30 a.m. She was reported missing on August 17, 1997, when her father found her truck abandoned along Interstate 45.[54] On March 18, 2016, Jessica's remains were finally found in a field off of East Orem Road, next to Hobby Airport. Suspected serial killer, William Lewis Reece,[55][56] directed investigators to search the area where her remains were found.[57] Reece was convicted of the murders of Smither, Cox and Cain in June 2022.[52]
  • Tot Tran Harriman, 57,[58][59] was visiting relatives in Texas and had mapped out a route between League City and Corpus Christi, Texas and planned to drive along Highway 35. She departed at approximately 5:00 a.m. on July 12, 2001, from her son's residence near League City. Tot was last seen driving her 1995 Lincoln Continental along Highway 35.[60]
  • Sara Ann Lewis Trusty, 23, was last seen during the evening hours of the day in Algoa, Texas near her church riding her bicycle at around 11 p.m. on July 12, 2002. Her body was discovered on July 28, 2002, in a dike in Texas City in a nearby reservoir by fishermen.[61][62]
  • Terressa Lynn Vanegas, 16,[63] was last seen in Dickinson, Texas walking near the Green Caye Subdivision on October 31, 2006. Three days later, her body was found strangled, raped, and with her hair cut off in a field across from Dickinson High School.[64][65]

Suspects

edit

Michael Lloyd Self

edit
Main article: Murders of Rhonda Johnson and Sharon Shaw § Michael Lloyd Self

In 1972, a gas station operator and convicted sex offender from Galveston, Michael Lloyd Self, became a suspect in the murders of Rhonda Johnson and Sharon Shaw. After hours of interrogation, Self confessed to the murders. He was taken to the district prison, later aiding with locating the bodies. In the following months, he retracted his confession, claiming that he had been tortured into confessing, with the interrogators suffocating him with a plastic bag, burning him with cigarette butts and a radiator, as well as being assaulted by the police chief, Don Morris. Nevertheless, on September 18, 1974, Self was convicted of killing Shaw and received a life imprisonment term, despite the fact that his confessions showed great discrepancies concerning the victims' clothing, the date of the murders, the locations of the bodies, how they were killed, and various other details.[66]

Three years later, in 1976, Don Morris and his deputy, Tommy Deal, were arrested and convicted of various crimes, including torture and other misconduct against detainees. Morris was sentenced to 55 years, while Deal to 30. After this, Self regularly applied for an appeal, but was rejected every time.[67] Michael Self died on December 21, 2000, still in custody. It was only after his death that a number of police officials, including the former Harris County District Attorney, stated their belief that Self was wrongly convicted.[68]

Edward Harold Bell

edit
Main article: Edward Harold Bell

An investigation by the League City police and the FBI in the 1970s identified another local resident, Edward Harold Bell, a known exhibitionist, as a suspect. He had been arrested at least 12 times on charges of showing his genitals to children, but each time avoided imprisonment. Bell lived on a property near the beach in Galveston, where he was a silent partner of a surf shop. He even knew two of the victims, Debbie Ackerman and Maria Johnson, who frequented the store. In the mid-1970s, he acquired a plot of land in Dickinson and lived near the place where two more victims, Brooks Bracewell and Georgia Geer, were last seen alive. In 1978, while masturbating on the street in front of a group of teenage girls, Bell was confronted by 26-year-old former Marine Larry Dickens. As his mother called the police, Dickens removed the keys from Bell's vehicle and refused to return them.[69]

In retaliation, Bell killed him and fled, but was subsequently apprehended by police. He posted bail several weeks later and in order to avoid conviction and further incarceration, he fled Texas and escaped from the United States, evading police for more than two decades. In 1993, he was arrested in Panama and extradited back to the United States, where he was subsequently convicted of Dickens' murder and received a 70-year sentence. In 1998, Bell wrote several letters to the Harris County Attorney, confessing to the murders of five girls in 1971 and six more between 1974 and 1977. He stated that he did not remember the names of most of his victims, but confidently stated that he had killed Debbie Ackerman, Maria Johnson, Colette Wilson and Kimberly Pitchford, as well as two other girls whom he had abducted from Webster in August 1971, later identified as Rhonda Johnson and Sharon Shaw.[70] Despite this, Bell was never charged with these murders, since no evidence, biological or otherwise, incriminated him. He remained a prime suspect until his death in April 2019.[71]

Mark Stallings

edit

In 2013, Mark Roland Stallings, a convicted kidnapper serving a life term, confessed to killing a girl, later identified as Donna Prudhomme, in 1991 and dumping her body in the fields. At the time of the murder, Stallings was living and working in League City near the homes of some of the girls who went missing and were subsequently found dead. Despite the fact that his testimony shows great consistency with details, he has not been charged with any murders, but remains a suspect in the murders of Donna Prudhomme and Audrey Cook, as well as two unrelated murders in Fort Bend County.[72][73]

Clyde Edwin Hedrick

edit

Clyde Hedrick was named as a suspect in the 2022 documentary series Crime Scene: The Texas Killing Fields.[74] Hedrick was released from jail in 2021 after he was sentenced to 20 years in prison for the murder of Ellen Beason in 1984. Following his release, Hedrick has been living in a halfway house and in July 2022, Tim Miller, father of victim Laura Miller and founder of Texas EquuSearch, won $24 million in liability and damages after filing a 2014 wrongful death lawsuit against Hedrick, who was his former neighbour.[75] Hedrick had been found civilly liable for Laura Miller's death but was not criminally charged. Hedrick[76] had a previous criminal record that included charges of trespassing, theft, abuse of a corpse, attempted arson, possession of marijuana, driving while intoxicated and sexual assault. Hedrick allegedly made a jailhouse confession to murdering Miller and Villarreal-Fye.

Convictions

edit

Ellen Beason case

edit

Suspected serial killer Clyde Edwin Hedrick was brought in for questioning in 1985 in relation to Beason's suspicious death; he admitted that both of them had gone swimming in a nearby lake upon leaving a local bar, but he further stated that she had accidentally drowned while in the water. He then claimed to have disposed of her body out of fear of being accused of foul play. At the time, since her cause of death could not be ascertained, in 1996, Hedrick was convicted of abusing her corpse and was sentenced to a year in jail.[75] In 2011, Hedrick's ex-wife approached authorities and said that Hedrick had frequently made incriminating remarks regarding Beason's death.[74] This information, along with Beason's second autopsy, resulted in authorities getting an arrest warrant and charging Clyde with murder in 2014. Hedrick was convicted of involuntary manslaughter and was released from Estelle Supermax Penitentiary in Huntsville, Texas in October 2021.[77]

Shelley Sikes case

edit

In 1987, 30-year-old John Robert King phoned the El Paso police, claiming that on May 24, 1986, he, together with 33-year-old Gerald Peter Zwarst, attacked Shelley Sikes while she was in her car, after which the girl was raped and strangled. After his arrest, Zwarst told the police that he had hidden the body in one of the fields, where the other bodies were found. Both men were asked to indicate the whereabouts of Sikes' body in exchange for avoiding life sentences, but their directions failed to uncover it. King and Zwarst were convicted of aggravated kidnapping, and received life imprisonment sentences in 1998. They were also probed for other such crimes committed during the mid-1980s, but both vehemently denied any involvement. King died from natural causes behind bars in October 2015,[35] while Zwarst died in prison in November 2020.[36]

Krystal Jean Baker case

edit

In April 2012, sixteen years after Krystal Jean Baker's beaten, raped, and strangled body was found, Kevin Edison Smith was arrested and convicted of murdering her. In 2009, Smith had been arrested on a drug charge in Louisiana. At about the same time, a detective tested Baker's dress for DNA. A match was confirmed, using advanced technology that was not available at the time of Krystal's disappearance. A jury deliberated for about 30 minutes and found Smith guilty. He was sentenced to life in prison.[78]

William Lewis Reece

edit
Main article: William Lewis Reece

In May 1997, William Lewis Reece was arrested for the kidnapping and attempted murder of 19-year-old Sandra Sapaugh from Webster. The following year, he was found guilty and convicted, receiving a 60-year imprisonment term. In 2015, his DNA was matched to the killer of 19-year-old Tiffany Johnston, who was found murdered in Oklahoma in 1997. After this revelation, Reece confessed to killing Jessica Lee Cain and Kelli Ann Cox, leading the investigators to the bodies' burial sites.[79][80][81] He had been suspected of kidnapping and killing Laura Smither and confessed to Friendswood Police, in 2016, that he murdered her.[82] In 2021, Reece was convicted of Johnston's murder and sentenced to death. The following year, he was extradited to Texas and was convicted of the murders of Smither, Cain, and Cox, receiving a life term after pleading guilty to each of the three murders.[52]

Media adaptations

edit

Texas Killing Fields (2011)

edit

A film adaptation of the deadly events that occurred along the Interstate Highway 45 highway was released on September 9, 2011, with the title Texas Killing Fields. It was directed by Ami Canaan Mann and starred Sam Worthington and Jeffrey Dean Morgan. The film is loosely based on the murders while depicting a fictional portrayal of the struggle that local police faced while attempting to solve the murders. The film focuses on the lead police detectives, Captain Brian Goetschius and Mike Land, who dedicated their careers to solving the mysteries of Interstate Highway 45. The filmmakers hired officers Goetschius and Land as consultants while making the movie.[83][84][85]

Janet Miller, mother of victim Laura Miller, said in an interview with the Dallas Morning News that she was angry at first about the film, stating "I was upset because no one notified me. The parents should know what's going on." Tim Miller, the father of Laura Miller, said he saw the film for what the filmmakers intended — to raise awareness about the crimes and to generate new tips. In an interview with CBS News for 48 Hours, actor Sam Worthington said, "People — you never know — might just go and see the movie and go, 'Oh, I remember when someone went down in the fields, and I remember a certain car and a certain person seemed a bit dodgy.' Maybe a family can then know what happened to their daughter."[86]

Crime Scene: The Texas Killing Fields (2022)

edit

Crime Scene: The Texas Killing Fields, a three-part miniseries about the Texas Killing Fields, was released on Netflix in November 2022. The series was directed by Jessica Dimmock.[87] It was rated as the top docuseries on Netflix, with 23,880,000 total hours viewed,[88][89] and received positive reviews.[90]

See also

edit

General:

References

edit
  1. ^ "The Killing Fields: Decades Later, Investigators Still Searching for Answers in Murders of Four Women". fbi.gov. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "The real-life mystery of Texas' killing fields". CBSNews.com. Archived from the original on March 18, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
  3. ^ "'The Killing Fields': Disappearance of Texas girl still haunts 48 Hours reporter". CBSNews.com. Archived from the original on January 25, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
  4. ^ "Extra: Texas Killing Fields director on real-life cases" (streaming video). 48 Hours – via CBSNews.com.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i "The highway of death: How human dumping ground gets its name". The New Zealand Herald. April 20, 2019. Retrieved September 21, 2024.
  6. ^ "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3FZ-4BP : December 5, 2014), Sharon Lynn Shaw, February 17, 1972; citing certificate number 36887, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,223,830.
  7. ^ Unsolved Mysteries, season 5, episode 2. May 19, 1993. NBC Networks.
  8. ^ Mitchell, Molli (December 7, 2022). "What the families of Texas Killing Fields victims have said about murders". Newsweek. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
  9. ^ Mitra, Shraman (November 29, 2022). "Debbie Ackerman and Maria Johnson Murders: How Did They Die? Who Killed Them?". The Cinemaholic. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  10. ^ a b c Olsen, Lise. "In 1974, two Dickinson girls went missing. Why didn't police investigate?". Chron. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
  11. ^ "True crime podcast 'What About Holly?' reveals stunning new details in 41-year-old cold case - WFIN Local News". wfin.com. November 5, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  12. ^ Worley, Debra (June 9, 2022). "Missing baby found alive more than 40 years after parents found killed in woods". WDTV. Retrieved October 16, 2022.
  13. ^ "Her parents were murdered in the '80s. She vanished. 42 years later, 'Baby Holly' has been found". Deseret News. June 14, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2022.
  14. ^ "Search in Texas murder case finds missing child, now age 42". Dallas News. June 10, 2022. Archived from the original on October 16, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2022.
  15. ^ Tuccitto Sullo, Michelle (February 16, 2014). "Connecticut Missing Persons Unit makes progress; cases drop from 243 to 166 in 2 years, NamUs says". New Haven Register News. New Haven Register. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  16. ^ Van Olson, Cora (January 13, 2014). "Missing, now found: Michelle Garvey". Crime Library. Archived from the original on December 4, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  17. ^ Olsen, Lise (May 30, 2011). "'Bone detective' on an identity hunt" (PDF). Harris County Police Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 29, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  18. ^ "Who Killed Texas Couple Dean and Tina Clouse—and Where Is Their Baby?". The Texas Observer. March 2, 2022. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
  19. ^ Vance, Paul (January 10, 2014). "Connecticut State Police assist in Texas homicide case; victim missing from CT since 1982". ct.gov. Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  20. ^ Rizzuto, Robert (January 12, 2012). "'Jane Doe' found murdered in Texas 31 years ago identified as missing New London, Connecticut teen Michelle Garvey". MassLive.com. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  21. ^ "Michelle Garvey Identified As Teen Found Slain In '82". Huffington Post. January 11, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  22. ^ "DPS seeks new leads in 1983 murder of Seabrook teen Susan Lee Eads". BAY AREA NEWS. January 19, 2018.
  23. ^ "The Murder of Susan Eads". Apple Podcasts.
  24. ^ "Sondra Kay Ramber". The Charley Project.
  25. ^ Mitra, Shraman (November 29, 2022). "Ellen Beason Murder: How Did She Die? Who Killed Her?". The Cinemaholic. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  26. ^ "Michelle Thomas & Suzanne Rene Richerson anniversary - 05 OCT 1990". The Galveston Daily News. October 5, 1990. p. 3. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  27. ^ "Michelle Doherty Thomas". The Charley Project.
  28. ^ a b "Authorities reveal identities of 2 'Killing Fields' victims". Click2Houston. April 15, 2019. Archived from the original on April 15, 2019. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
  29. ^ a b Powell, Nick (April 15, 2019). "Names, real-life photos of 2 'Killing Fields' victims released". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on April 16, 2019. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
  30. ^ a b Powell, Nick (December 12, 2018). "Can DNA provide answers in deaths of 2 women in 'Texas Killings Fields'?". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved April 12, 2019.
  31. ^ a b "FamilyTreeDNA Helps Identify Two Victims from the 'Texas Killing Fields'". PRNewswire. April 11, 2019. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved April 12, 2019.
  32. ^ a b "Houston-based DNA company helps identify 'Killing Fields' victims". KHOU 11. April 11, 2019. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved April 12, 2019.
  33. ^ a b "Texas 'Killing Fields' victim from Memphis, police say". Action News 5. Memphis, Tennessee. April 15, 2019. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  34. ^ "Shelley Kathleen Sikes". The Charley Project.
  35. ^ a b T.J. Aulds. "Man convicted in one of 'I-45 Killings' cases dies in prison". The Police News. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
  36. ^ a b Dana Burke (October 3, 2017). "Kidnapper convicted in Texas City teen's 1986 disappearance denied parole again". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on February 15, 2019. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
  37. ^ Missing Pieces: Shelley Sikes, retrieved September 26, 2023
  38. ^ Guthrie, Dana (October 3, 2017). "Kidnapper convicted in Texas City teen's 1986 disappearance denied parole again". Chron. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  39. ^ "Can you help solve these cases?". CBS News. October 22, 2011. Archived from the original on April 22, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  40. ^ "Suzanne Rene Richerson". The Charley Project. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  41. ^ "The Doe Network: Case File 118DFTX". The Doe Network. Archived from the original on September 29, 2018. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  42. ^ "Can you help solve these cases?". CBSNews. Archived from the original on October 25, 2011.
  43. ^ "Can you help solve these cases?". CBS News. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  44. ^ "Man convicted in 'Killing Fields' murder of Texas City teen". KHOU 11. Houston. April 26, 2012. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  45. ^ Turner, Allan (September 24, 2010). "DNA linking man to teen's '96 death gives her family answers". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  46. ^ "Krystal Baker murder case featured on TV series Tuesday night". KHOU 11. Houston. April 16, 2013. Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  47. ^ Horswell, Cindy (April 26, 2012). "Man convicted in Texas City girl's 1996 slaying". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  48. ^ "Bill: HB 1399". Texas Legislature Online. June 14, 2019. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  49. ^ "Krystal Jean Baker Act Aids Law Enforcement in More Quickly Connecting Missing Links in Unsolved Cases" (Press release). Texas Department of Public Safety. January 30, 2020. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  50. ^ a b Hanson, Chris. "The disappearance of 12-year-old Friendswood girl Laura Smither". ABC 13 Houston. Archived from the original on April 5, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  51. ^ Moriarty, Erin (July 6, 2012). "The killing fields: Disappearance of Texas girl still haunts reporter". CBS News. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  52. ^ a b c d e Cathy Hernandez (June 29, 2022). "William Lewis Reece sentenced to life in prison for murders of Laura Smither, Jessica Cain and Kelli Ann Cox". KPRC-TV. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022.
  53. ^ "Remembering Jessica Cain, 20 years after her disappearance". ABC13 Houston. August 17, 2017. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  54. ^ Koop, Chacour (July 13, 2016). "Parents of slain girl face Reece in courtroom". The Daily News. Galveston County. Archived from the original on July 15, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  55. ^ Fischer, Courtney (February 26, 2016). "Man seen at Jessica Cain body search site linked to young girls' disappearances". ABC13 Houston. Archived from the original on April 8, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  56. ^ "Body found in SE Houston field confirmed to be Jessica Cain". ABC13 Houston. May 20, 2016. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  57. ^ Rhor, Monica (April 15, 2016). "Remains confirmed to be those of Jessica Cain, who vanished in 1997". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  58. ^ "Can you help solve these cases?". CBS News. Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  59. ^ "Tot Tran Harriman". The Charley Project. Archived from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  60. ^ Rendon, Ruth (August 15, 2011). "Family awaiting news about missing woman". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on April 4, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  61. ^ "Missing Adult Sarah Trusty Algoa, TX" (PDF). Texas EquuSearch. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 7, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  62. ^ "Can you help solve these cases?". CBS News. October 22, 2011. Archived from the original on July 7, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  63. ^ "Can you help solve these cases?". CBS News. October 22, 2011. Archived from the original on July 7, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  64. ^ Glover, Chauncy (October 31, 2018). "Dickinson family hoping for break in Halloween cold case murder". ABC13. Archived from the original on October 3, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  65. ^ "October 31, 2006 Murder". dickinsontexas.gov. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  66. ^ "SELF v. STATE (No. 48622)". State of Texas. Leagle. September 18, 1974. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  67. ^ "SELF v. STATE (No. 386343)". September 22, 1992. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
  68. ^ The Associated Press (September 29, 2011). "Elderly Inmate Claims to Have Committed Nearly a Dozen Murders". Fox News. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  69. ^ Lise Olsen (April 20, 2019). "Texas killer's death leaves unanswered questions in girls' slayings". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on August 23, 2019.
  70. ^ Lise Olsen (November 13, 2017). "Confessions of a cold-blooded killer". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
  71. ^ [1]Archived January 27, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Police: No corroboration for killing confession – The Galveston County Daily News : News
  72. ^ Jeremy Rogalski (February 16, 2016). "Confessed killer details murder of Texas Killing Fields victim". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
  73. ^ Nick Powell (April 11, 2019). "League City police determine identities of 2 women found in 'Texas Killing Fields'". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
  74. ^ a b Mitchell, Molli (November 29, 2022). "'Texas Killing Fields': What Happened to Laura Miller and Was Her Killer Found?". Newsweek. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  75. ^ a b Lopardi, Michael (October 5, 2021). "Clyde Hedrick: Man convicted in decades-old murder case in Galveston County released from prison". Click2Houston.com. Graham Media Group. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  76. ^ "Galveston Co. man released from prison for 1984 killing due to old mandatory release law". ABC 13 Eyewitness News. KTRK-TV Houston. October 7, 2021. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  77. ^ "Galveston Co. man released from prison for 1984 killing due to old mandatory release law". ABC 13 Eyewitness News. KTRK-TV Houston. October 7, 2021. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  78. ^ "Man convicted in Texas City girl's 1996 slaying". Houston Chronicle. April 27, 2012. Archived from the original on December 7, 2014. Retrieved December 1, 2014.
  79. ^ Juozapavicius, Justin; Warren, David (August 5, 2017). "Experts: William Reece fits 'serial killer' profile". ABC13 Houston. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  80. ^ Robert Arnold (June 16, 2016). "Cases against accused killer William Reece at a standstill". KPRC-TV. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
  81. ^ Pat LaLama (May 17, 2016). "Convicted kidnapper reveals location of Kelli Ann Cox's remains". Crime Watch Daily. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
  82. ^ "William Reece Sentenced". ABC-13. August 20, 2021.
  83. ^ Horswell, Cindy (October 20, 2011). "Detectives hope 'Killing Fields' film help solve 60 murders". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 21, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
  84. ^ Horswell, Cindy (February 28, 2010). "Victims' kin skeptical on film on Galveston Co. killings". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 17, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
  85. ^ "'Killing Fields' movie based on slain, missing Texas girls". Dallas News. October 21, 2011. Archived from the original on October 17, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
  86. ^ "The Killing Fields – 48 Hours – CBS News". CBS News.
  87. ^ Keller, Joel. "'Crime Scene: Texas Killing Fields' Netflix Review: Stream It Or Skip It?". Decider. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  88. ^ "Global Top 10". Netflix. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  89. ^ Marc Berman (December 8, 2022). "Crime Scene: The Texas Killing Fields - Netflix viewers express anger at police after watching series". The Economic Times. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  90. ^ "CRIME SCENE: THE TEXAS KILLING FIELDS". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Texas_Killing_Fields&oldid=1256485859"