Baenidae is an extinct family of paracryptodiran turtles known from the Early Cretaceous to Eocene of North America.[1][2] While during the Early Cretaceous they are found across North America, during the Late Cretaceous they are only found in Laramidia, having disappeared from Appalachia. The majority of lineages survived the K-Pg Extinction, but the family was extinct by the latest Eocene. The name of the type genus, Baena, appears to be of Native American origin, likely from the Arapaho be’enoo. They are primarily found in freshwater deposits, and are considered to be aquatic, with a largely generalist habit.[3]
| Baenids Temporal range: (Valanginian to Eocene,
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Chisternon, AMNH | |
| |
| Shellof Baena arenosa (AMNH 1112) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Clade: | Pantestudines |
| Clade: | Testudinata |
| Clade: | †Paracryptodira |
| Superfamily: | †Baenoidea |
| Family: | †Baenidae Cope, 1882 |
Genera
edit- †Arundelemys[4]
- †Arvinachelys
- †Baena[4]
- †Cedrobaena
- †Chisternon
- †Edowa[5]
- †Gamerabaena
- †Gehennachelys[6]
- †Hayemys[4]
- †Lakotemys[7] Lakota Formation, Berriasian-Valanginian
- †Neurankylus[4]
- †Palatobaena
- †Peckemys[4]
- †Plesiobaena
- †Protobaena[4]
- †Denazinemys[8]
- †Saxochelys[9][10]
- †Stygiochelys[4][11]
- †Thescelus[4]
- †Trinitichelys[4]
Classification
editThe following cladogram shows the taxonomy and phylogeny of baenids according to Joyce & Lyson (2015).[3]
| Baenidae |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cope, 1873 |
References
edit- ^ Gaffney, Eugene S. (1972). "The systematics of the North American family Baenidae (Reptilia, Cryptodira)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 147 (5): 241–320. hdl:2246/1098.
- ^ Joyce, Walter G.; Anquetin, Jérémy (October 2019). "A Review of the Fossil Record of Nonbaenid Turtles of the Clade Paracryptodira". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 60 (2): 129–155. doi:10.3374/014.060.0204. ISSN 0079-032X. S2CID 203780510.
- ^ a b Joyce, W.G.; Lyson, T.R. (2015). "A review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Baenidae" (PDF). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 56 (2): 147–183. doi:10.3374/014.056.0203. S2CID 4654828.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Baenidae". Fossilworks. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
- ^ Adrian, B.; Smith, H. F.; Kelley, K.; Wolfe, D. G. (2022). "A new baenid, Edowa zuniensis gen. et sp. nov., and other fossil turtles from the Upper Cretaceous Moreno Hill Formation (Turonian), New Mexico, USA". Cretaceous Research. 105422. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105422. S2CID 253905727.
- ^ Adrian, B.; Smith, H.; Noto, C. (2023). "A revision of "Trinitichelys" maini (Testudinata: Baenidae) and additional material of its new genus from the Lewisville Formation (Woodbine Group, Cenomanian), Texas, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 26 (2): a28. doi:10.26879/1266.
- ^ Joyce, Walter G.; Rollot, Yann; Cifelli, Richard L. (2020-02-12). "A new species of baenid turtle from the Early Cretaceous Lakota Formation of South Dakota". Fossil Record. 23 (1): 1–13. Bibcode:2020FossR..23....1J. doi:10.5194/fr-23-1-2020. ISSN 2193-0066.
- ^ Spicher, G.E.; Sertich, J.J.; Girard, L.C.; Joyce, W.G.; Lyson, T.R.; Rollot, Y. (2023). "A description of a Denazinemys nodosa specimen (Testudinata, Baenidae) from the Late Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah". Fossil Record. 26 (2): 151–170. Bibcode:2023FossR..26..151S. doi:10.3897/fr.26.102520.
- ^ "Saxochelys gilberti, A New Baenid Turtle from the Uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Hell Creek Formation: Sexual Dimorphism and Spatial Niche Partitioning within the Most Speciose Group of Late Cretaceous Turtles". 7 February 2020.
- ^ Spicher, G.E.; Lyson, T.R.; Evers, S. W. (2024). "Updated cranial and mandibular description of the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) baenid turtle Saxochelys gilberti based on micro-computed tomography scans and new information on the holotype-shell association". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 143 (1): 2. Bibcode:2024SwJP..143....2S. doi:10.1186/s13358-023-00301-6. PMC 10805913. PMID 38274637.
- ^ "Stygiochelys Gaffney and Hiatt 1971". Fossilworks. Gateway to the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
External links
edit