Baker is a neighborhood in Denver, Colorado, United States.
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South Side–Baker Historic District | |
 Baker neighborhood highlighted in a map of Denver | |
  Location in Colorado  Location in United States | |
| Location | Bounded by W. 5th Ave., Broadway, W. Alameda & Fox |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 39°43′26.11″N 104°59′42.54″W / 39.7239194°N 104.9951500°W |
| Area | 150 acres (0.61 km2) |
| Architectural style | Bungalow/craftsman, Late Victorian, Terrace Style |
| NRHP reference No. | 85002932[1] |
| CSRHP No. | 5DV.51 |
| Added to NRHP | October 3, 1985 |
Geography
editBaker is an area of 955 acres (3.86 km2), approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Denver Civic Center, generally defined by these boundaries: on the north by West 6th Avenue, on the east by Broadway, on the south by West Mississippi Avenue, and on the west by the South Platte River.[2][3]
Historic district
editA historic district of 150 acres (0.61 km2) (approximately 30 blocks) lies in the northeast corner of the neighborhood with irregular borders that range from within a half block of Alameda Ave. and Broadway on the south and east to as far as Fox St. on the west and W. 5th Ave. on the north. The historic district designation was granted in 2000 as Baker Historic District as part of the Historic Preservation effort of the City of Denver. Criteria for designation included historical figures who lived in the neighborhood and many popular architectural styles, with several buildings designed by prominent architects within a period of significance of 1873 to 1937.[4] With small exceptions, the same area designated as a local historic district had been entered into the National Register of Historic Places as South Side–Baker Historic District in 1985. South Side is a name used in the 1880s for a larger area from Cherry Creek to Yale Ave., mostly east of Broadway.[5]
In addition to the historic district, three individually-designated Denver Historic Landmark buildings are within Baker's boundaries: the Coyle/Chase House at 532 W. 4th Ave., home of playwright Mary Chase, the 1st and Broadway Building at 101-115 N. Broadway, and Fire Station No. 11 at 40 W. 2nd Ave.[6]
History
edit"John Smith and his Mexicans" settled for a while in the summer of 1857 at the outlet of a seasonal stream into the South Platte River, extracting enough placer gold to make this location profitable.[7] The location became known as the Mexican Diggings. Since it preceded the 1858 non-native settlement at the confluence of Cherry Creek and the South Platte River, about four miles downstream, it is thought to be the first non-native settlement of what is now Denver.[8] The location has been established at approximately where W. Virginia Ave. would reach the S. Platte River.[9]
James Beckwourth, a noted mountain man and former slave, settled in 1859 near the Mexican Diggings.[10] Also that year, William and Elizabeth Byers homesteaded a nearby a portion of the riverfront. These were the first long-term non-native settlers in what became Baker. The first subdivision in Baker was platted along Santa Fe Dr. south of W. Sixth Ave. in 1872, and residential development took off in the 1880s. The part of the neighborhood north of Alameda Ave. was annexed into the city of Denver in 1883, and south of Alameda was annexed in 1889.
The neighborhood includes hundreds of 19th century brick houses and 39 buildings by locally famous architect William Lang. More than 80 percent of the neighborhood was developed by 1900. In the 1970s the City of Denver named the neighborhood after Baker Junior High School (now Denver Center for International Studies at Baker) which had been named for turn of the 20th century University of Colorado president James Hutchins Baker, who never lived in the neighborhood.[11]
Character
editIn 2020 Baker had 6192 residents from a variety of racial, ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. Census racial categories of “race alone or in combination” were white 83.9%, Black or African American 5.9%, Native American 3.3%, Asian 4.8%, Native Hawaiian or other Asian Pacific Islander 0.3%, Other 13.3%. 17.9% of Baker residents identified as Hispanic or Latino. 6.8% of Baker residents were under 18 years old.[12]
Baker's demographic makeup has changed significantly over the last two decades. In 2000, when Baker had 5,810 residents, approximately 54% identified as Latino or Hispanic. In 2010, population had declined to 4879 and the Latino proportion was about 34%. From 2000 to 2010 the number of households had changed very little, increasing about 1%. From 2010 to 2020 Baker added 1228 housing units, mostly in the form of new apartment buildings, a trend that will continue with the planned redevelopments of Broadway Marketplace and Broadway Station.[13]
The neighborhood is a mix of industrial, residential and commercial properties with the area along I-25 having an industrial character, the area along Broadway consisting mostly of commercial retail and offices, and north of Alameda between Santa Fe and Broadway making up the residential core. South of Alameda Ave. at Broadway is a large retail center with several big box stores and further south is the former Gates Rubber factory complex, site of a major redevelopment project which stalled in the late 2000s.[14] Phil Milstein Park is the largest park within Baker, at 5.48 acres (2.22 hectares). It occupies the extreme northwest corner of Baker and is only accessible from outside the neighborhood.[15] Within Baker's residential area are Dailey Park, at W. Ellsworth Ave. and S. Cherokee St. (2.66 acres (1.08 hectares)), and Hector M. Flores Park, at W. 4th Ave. and N. Galapago St. (0.36 acres (0.15 hectares)). Vanderbilt Park East (3.51 acres (1.42 hectares)) is not yet developed, but is a designated park property within the Broadway Station redevelopment.[16][17] Baker is served by several bus lines and two light rail stations, Alameda station and I-25 & Broadway station.
References
edit- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ^ "Open Data Catalog". Denver, the Mile High City. City of Denver. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
- ^ ""Neighborhoods" at denvergov.org" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2015. Retrieved October 7, 2010.
- ^ "Baker Historic District" (PDF). City and County of Denver. City and County of Denver. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
- ^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
- ^ "Individually Designated Landmarks in the City and County of Denver" (PDF). City and County of Denver. City and County of Denver. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
- ^ Smiley, Jerome C. (1913). Semi-Centennial History of the State of Colorado Vol. 1. Lewis Publishing Company. p. 206.
John S. Smith … in partnership with a few Mexicans opened a placer upon the right bank of the South Platte, about three miles above the mouth of the creek, and within the present corporate limits of the city of Denver. According to Smith's account, given to the founders of Denver in the autumn of the following year, the party took out 'a considerable quantity' of gold, but did not continue the operations longer than the summer of 1857.
- ^ Pasquale, Cynthia (October 3, 2012). "Five questions for Tom Noel". CUConnections. University of Colorado. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
The city of Denver was originally called Mexican Diggings. The year before white folks discovered gold, there were Hispanics along the South Platte-- about where Florida Avenue goes over the Platte today -- who found gold and established the town of Mexican Diggings
- ^ Smiley, Jerome C. (1901). History of Denver. Denver: The Times-Sun Publishing Company. pp. 188–189.
…on the river bank, on the south side of Virginia Avenue…
- ^ Smiley, Jerome C. (1901). History of Denver. Denver: The Times-Sun Publishing Company. p. 160.
Early in 1859 he came to Denver with the tide of immigrants and built a cabin up the Platte at the 'Mexican' or 'Spanish' 'diggings.'
- ^ Nancy L. Widmann; Thomas H. Simmons; R. Laurie Simmons (January 1995). Baker Neighborhood. Denver Landmark Preservation Commission, Office of Planning and Community Development (Denver, Colo.). Front Range Research Associates, Inc.
- ^ "2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer". United States Census. United States Census. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
- ^ ""Largest Population Increases and Declines by Neighborhood, 2000 to 2010" at piton.org" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2011. Retrieved August 22, 2011.
- ^ "Denver Urban Renewal Authority, Cherokee (Gates Rubber)". Retrieved February 1, 2011.
- ^ "Baker's biggest park: Dailey or Milstein? | Baker Now - South Denver".
- ^ "Denver Open Data Catalog: Parks". City and County of Denver. City and County of Denver. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
- ^ Hernandez, Esteban. "A new park with a very creative name is coming to Denver's Baker neighborhood". Denverite. Denverite. Retrieved December 5, 2019.