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Bangladesh Navy

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The Bangladesh Navy (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী, romanized: Bāṅlādēś Nôubāhinī) is the naval warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces, responsible for the defence of Bangladesh's 118,813 square kilometres (45,874 sq mi) of maritime territorial area from any external threat, and the security of sea ports and exclusive economic zones of Bangladesh.[5] Bangladesh Navy is a front line disaster management force in Bangladesh. The navy takes part in United Nations peacekeeping.[6][7]

Bangladesh Navy
বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী
Bāṅlādēś Nôubāhinī
Crest of the Bangladesh Navy
FoundedJuly 1971[citation needed]
Country Bangladesh
TypeNavy
RoleNaval warfare
Size27,500 personnel[1][2]
74 ships[citation needed]
6 aircraft[3]
Part of Bangladesh Armed Forces
Naval HeadquartersNaval Headquarters (NHQ), Banani, Dhaka
Nickname(s)BN
PatronThe President of Bangladesh
Motto(s)শান্তিতে সংগ্রামে সমুদ্রে দুর্জয়
Śāntitē Sôṅgrāmē Sômudrē Durjôẏ
("In War and Peace Invincible at Sea")
Colors
  • Service uniform: White,Black
      
  • Combat uniform: Crayola's Cadet Blue, Black Coral, Rainbow Indigo, Gunmetal
        
Awards
  • Navy Medal
  • Extraordinary Service Medal
  • Distinguished Service Medal
  • Navy Glorious Service Medal
  • Navy Medal of Excellence
  • Navy Efficiency Medal
EngagementsBangladesh Liberation War
Operation Jackpot
2008 Bangladesh–Myanmar naval standoff
Websitewww.navy.mil.bd
Commanders
Commander-in-chief President Mohammed Sahabuddin
Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Mohammad Nazmul Hassan[4]
Insignia
Flag
Ensign
Jack
Roundel
Aircraft flown
HelicopterAW-109E Power
PatrolDornier 228NG

History

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Main article: Military history of Bangladesh

Origins

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The Bangladesh Navy was created as part of Bangladesh Forces during Bangladesh's 1971 liberation war against Pakistan. Its official creation date is July 1971 during the Bangladesh Sector Commanders Conference 1971. In 1971, with West Pakistan imposing a brutal military crackdown in East Pakistan, the Bangladesh Liberation War was already underway. Many Bengali sailors and officers in the Pakistan Navy defected to form the nascent Bangladesh Navy. Initially, there were two ships, PADMA and PALASH, and 45 navy personnel. On 9 November 1971, the first naval fleet, consisting of six small patrol vessels, was inaugurated.[8] These ships tried to carry out raids on the Pakistani fleet, but were mistakenly hit and sunk by the Indian Air Force on 10 December 1971. The next major attack was launched on Mongla seaport. According to official figures from the Bangladesh Navy, a total of 334 sailors were involved with the newly created navy, with 22 being killed in action.[9]

Independence to the end of the 20th century

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The navy carried out around 45 operations during the war: traditional naval operations and unconventional commando operations including guerrilla warfare. In the first leg of the war, defecting Bengali sailors joined the guerrilla forces. It was the eight sailors who defected from the Pakistan Navy submarine PNS Mangro, under construction in France, that pioneered the formation of the naval element during the Liberation War. Later many other naval personnel participated. During the Liberation War, East Pakistan was divided into 11 sectors. Each sector had a commander and a demarcated area of responsibility except sector 10. Sector 10 was nominally responsible for the coastal belt but actually operated over the entire country.[10]

In 1971, it was imperative for the occupation force to keep ports and harbours operative and the sea lines of communication open. The Bangladesh Navy fought to block the sea lines of communication, and to make the sea and river ports inoperative. They attacked all the seaports including many river ports. Operation Jackpot is one of the best known and most successful operations. They carried out mining in the Pasur River Channel by patrol craft. With other fighters they also carried out attacks against the Pakistan Army. As a result, Bangladesh became an independent state within the shortest possible time.[11]

After independence, especially in the 1970s, additional naval infrastructure was required. Two ex-Royal Navy frigates joined the Bangladesh Navy as BNS Umar Farooq and BNS Ali Haider in 1976 and 1978 respectively. In 1982, a third ex-Royal Navy frigate joined the BN as BNS Abu Bakr. The acquisition of these three frigates is considered the principal foundation of the Bangladesh Navy.

21st century

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See also: 2008 Bangladesh–Myanmar naval standoff

In 2011, the Bangladesh Navy's rescue and medical team, along with the Bangladesh Army, was deployed to Japan after the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.[12] The Bangladesh Navy has been an active disaster recovery force abroad. In 2013, the navy deployed BNS Somudra Joy carrying humanitarian assistance worth $1 million. The Bangladesh Navy's medical team was also deployed to the Philippines.[13]

The Bangladesh Navy joined in the search operation for missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 with BNS Bangabandhu, BNS Umar Faruq and a Dornier 228NG MPA in March 2014. The aircraft was a Boeing 777-200ER which had gone missing with 12 Malaysian crew members and 227 passengers from 14 nations during the flight from Malaysia to China. Later, BNS Umar Farooq was replaced by BNS Somudra Joy. The search was renewed in May 2014, when an Australian exploration company claimed to have traced aircraft debris in the Bay of Bengal.[14] In 2014, during the Water Crisis in Maldives, the Bangladesh Navy was the first to launch humanitarian aid relief by deploying BNS Somudra Joy with 100 tonnes of bottled water.[15]

Forces Goal 2030

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In 2009, the Bangladesh government adopted a long-term modernisation plan for its armed forces called Forces Goal 2030. As of 2013, about a third of the military hardware procured under the plan has been for the navy.[16] It procured two refurbished Type 053H2 (Jianghu III) frigates from China in 2014.[17] Two United States Coast Guard High Endurance Cutters joined the BN in 2013[18] and 2015[19] which are being used as patrol frigates. Navy also bought an ex-Royal Navy Roebuck-class survey vessel and two ex-Royal Navy Castle-class offshore patrol vessels (OPVs) which were converted to guided missile corvettes in 2011.[20] Two Type 056 corvettes joined the BN in 2016 while two more were ordered in July 2015 and they are awaiting commissioning.[21] Two Durjoy-class large patrol craft (LPCs) were built in China and joined the BN in 2013.[22] Two more ships of the same class with dedicated ASW capabilities were commissioned in 2017.[23] Five Padma-class patrol vessels have been commissioned into the navy in 2013.[24][25][26] Besides, multiple indigenous built LCUs and LCTs have been added to the navy. A new chapter in maritime capability smart Bangladesh in 2041.[1]

The Bangladesh Navy opened its aviation wing on 14 July 2011 with the induction of two AgustaWestland AW109 helicopters. Later on, two Dornier 228NG MPA were introduced in 2013.[27] To attain underwater operational capabilities, the Bangladesh Navy inducted two off-the-shelf Type 035G (Ming class) submarines from China on 12 March 2017.[28][29]

Bangladesh Navy, with its growing fleet comprising more than 100 small and large ships across different classes, is successfully producing cost-effective world-class warships within its borders. The naval force of Bangladesh is continually strengthening its maritime capabilities through expansion efforts.[30]

A new base for the Bangladesh Navy, named BNS Sher-e-Bangla, is being constructed at Rabanabad in Patuakhali. It will be the largest naval base of the Bangladesh Navy with submarine berthing and aviation facilities.[31] A full-fledged South Asian largest submarine base, named BNS Sheikh Hasina, was commissioned 19 March 2023 at Pekua in Cox's Bazar.[32][33][34] A full-fledged naval base, named BNS Sheikh Mujib, has been commissioned in Khilkhet, Dhaka. Dhaka naval area.[35]

UN missions, multinational exercises and naval diplomacy

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Vice Admiral Zahir Uddin Ahmed received by Vice Chief of Naval Staff of the Indian Navy, Vice Admiral Sunil Lanba
 
BN Chief Vice Admiral M. Farid Habib with Vice Adm. Paul F. Zukunft, commander of the United States Coast Guard Pacific Area
 
A U.S. Marine assigned to Fleet Anti-terrorism Security Team Pacific and a Bangladesh Navy sailor with Special Warfare Diving and Salvage Command engage the enemy during a noncompliant boarding exercise aboard the Bangladesh Navy offshore patrol vessel BNS Sangu (P 713) during Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) 2012.

In 1993, the Bangladesh Navy joined United Nations Peacekeeping Operations.[36] Its first UN mission came in 2005, when a Bangladesh Navy contingent was sent to Sudan as Force Riverine Unit (FRU).[37] The Bangladesh Navy joined the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) in 2010, deploying two ships to the Mediterranean Sea, frigate BNS Osman and patrol craft BNS Madhumati. They were replaced in June 2014 by frigate BNS Ali Haider and patrol craft BNS Nirmul. Corvette BNS Bijoy took over from them in 2018, and was in turn replaced by corvette BNS Sangram in 2020.[38]

BN ships regularly participate in exercises with other navies, gaining valuable experience and improving their fighting capabilities. CARAT is a yearly exercise conducted with the United States Navy in the Bay of Bengal since 2011.[39] The BN has sent an OPV to every MILAN multinational naval exercise held near the Andaman Islands since 2010.[40] AMAN, another multinational exercise held every two years in the Arabian Sea, organised by the Pakistan Navy, has also seen participation by BN frigates since 2009.[41] BNS Bangabandhu participated in Exercise Ferocious Falcon, a Multinational Crisis Management Exercise, held at Doha, Qatar in November 2012,[42] while BNS Somudra Joy participated the same exercise in 2015.[43] BNS Abu Bakr took part in 14th Western Pacific Naval Symposium and International Fleet Review-2014 in Qingdao, Shandong Province of China in April 2014.[44] She also participated in Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition (LIMA-2015) held at Malaysia.[45]

List of Chiefs of Naval Staff

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Main article: List of Chiefs of Naval Staff

Exercise Somudro Ghurni

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Somudro Ghurni (Sea Vortex)
 
TypeBangladesh Navy Naval exercise
Location
Bay of Bengal
Planned byNaval Operations Branch
ObjectiveDeployment of Bangladesh Navy and Special Operation Forces.
Date16 November 2015 - 30 November 2015
Executed byRAdm M Khaled Iqbal, COMBAN

Somudro Ghurni (English: Sea Vortex) is the codename of a series of major naval exercises conducted by the Bangladesh Navy to simulate naval warfare and the protection of the country from external maritime threats, protection of the country's maritime resources, and prevention of smuggling.[46][47]

Overview

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The exercise took place in the Bay of Bengal. It started on 16 November 2015 and lasted 15 days. During the exercise, the navy deployed most of its fleet, including frigates, corvettes, and maritime patrol aircraft. The exercise included search and rescue, logistical, maritime patrol, landing, and warfare exercises. During the exercise, the Navy successfully test launched missiles.[48]

Administration and organisation

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Bangladesh Navy (BN) has its headquarters at Banani, Dhaka.[49][50] According to the Constitution of Bangladesh, the president of Bangladesh is the commander-in chief of Bangladesh Armed Forces. The Chief of Naval Staff (CNS), a four-star admiral,[51] is the highest admiral, directs the non-combat and combatant operations from the Naval Headquarters (NHQ) in Dhaka. The headquarters has four branches: operations (O), personnel (P), material (M) and logistics (Log). Each branch is headed by officers who are titled as principal staff officer (PSO) and known as assistant chief of naval staff (ACNS), e.g., ACNS (O). Under each PSO there are various directorates headed by directors with the rank of commodore or captain. Under each director there are deputy directors (DD) and staff officers (SO). The Bangladesh Navy has ten major combatant command, each command is commanded by a rear admiral or commodore, who directly reports to Chief of Naval Staff.[52][53]

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Main article: List of serving admirals of the Bangladesh Navy
Appointment Rank & Name Star Plate
Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Mohammad Nazmul Hassan, OSP, NPP, ndc, ncc, psc  
Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Operations) Rear Admiral M Anwar Hossain, NGP, pcgm, ndc, afwc, psc  
Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Personnel) Rear Admiral Mohammad Musa, OSP, NPP, rcds, afwc, psc, PhD
 
Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Materiel) Rear Admiral Khandakar Akhter Hossain, NUP, ndc, psc, PhD
 
Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Logistics) Rear Admiral Md Zohir Uddin, NUP, ndc, afwc, psc
 

Area commanders and administrative authority

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Appointment Rank & Name Star Plate
Commander Dhaka Naval Area Rear Admiral S M Abul Kalam Azad, BSP, NGP, ndc, psc
 
Commander Chattogram Naval Area
 
Commander Bangladesh Navy Fleet Rear Admiral Mohammad Moinul Hassan, BSP, ncc, psc, BN
 
Commander Khulna Naval Area Rear Admiral Golam Sadeq, NGP, ndc, ncc, psc
 
Commander Naval Training & Doctrine Command Rear Admiral Md Niyamat Elahee, NPP, ndc, psc
 
Commodore Superintendent Dockyard Commodore Md Ruhul Minhaz, (L), OSP, ndc, psc, BN
 
Commander Flotilla West Commodore A K M Jakir Hossain, (N), ndc, afwc, psc, BN
 
Commodore Bangladesh Naval Aviation Commodore Mia Mohammad Naim Rahman, (G), NGP, ncc, psc, BN
 
Commander Submarine Commodore Syed Shaif-Ul Islam, (TAS), BSP, ndc, afwc, psc, BN
 
Chief Hydrographer Commodore Sheikh Firoz Ahmed, (H), NGP, psc, BN
 
Commodore Special Warfare Diving and Salvage Command Commodore Md Humayun Kabir, (G), psc, BN
 

Rank structure

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Main article: Military ranks of Bangladesh

Commissioned officers

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Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers
  Bangladesh Navy[54]
                            
এ্যাডমিরাল
Aeḍmirāl 		ভাইস এ্যাডমিরাল
Bhā'is aeḍamirāl 		রিয়ার এ্যাডমিরাল
Riẏār aeḍamirāl 		কমোডোর
Kômōḍōr 		ক্যাপ্টেন
Kaepṭēn 		কমান্ডার
Kômānḍār 		লেফটেন্যান্ট কমান্ডার
Lēphṭēnānṭ kômānḍār 		লেফটেন্যান্ট
Lēphṭēnānṭ 		সাব-লেফটেন্যান্ট
Sāb-lēphṭēnānṭ 		এ্যাক্টিং সাব-লেফটেন্যান্ট
Ēyākṭiṁ sāb-lēphṭēn'yānṭ 		মিডশিপম্যান
Miḍśipmaen

Other ranks

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Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted
  Bangladesh Navy[54]
           No insignia No insignia
মাস্টার চীফ পেটি অফিসার
Māsṭāra cīpha pēṭi aphisāra 		সিনিয়র চীফ পেটি অফিসার
Siniẏara cīpha pēṭi aphisāra 		চীফ পেটি অফিসার
Cīpha pēṭi aphisāra 		পেটি অফিসার
Pēṭi aphisāra 		লিডিং সীম্যান
Liḍiṁ sīmyāna 		এ্যাবল সীম্যান
Ēyābala sīmyāna 		অর্ডিনারী সিম্যান
Arḍinārī simyāna

D & R

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Serial & Branch Seaman Mechanical Secretariat Supply Electrical Radio Electrical Regulating Medical
01 OD (Ordinary Seaman) ME II WTR II (Writer II) SA II (Store Assistant II) EN II REN II PM II (Patrol Man II) MA II (Medical Assistant II)
02 AB (Able Seaman) ME I WTR I (Writer I) SA I (Store Assistant I) EN I REN I PM I (Patrol Man I) MA I (Medical Assistant I)
03 LS (Leading Seaman) LME LWTR LSA LEN LREN LPM (Leading Patrol Man) LMA
04 PO (Petty Officer) ERA-IV PO(W) {Petty Officer(Writer)} PO(S) {Petty Officer(Store)} EA-IV REA-IV PO(R) {Petty Officer(Regulating)} PO(Med) {Petty Officer(Medical)}
05 CPO (Chief Petty Officer) ERA-I/II/III CPO(W) {Chief Petty Officer(Writer)} CPO(S) {Chief Petty Officer(Store)} EA-I/II/III REA-I/II/III MAA (Master at Arm) CPO(Med) {Chief Petty Officer(Medical)}
06 SCPO (Senior Chief Petty Officer) SCPO(E) {Senior Chief Petty Officer(Engineering)} SCPO(W) {Senior Chief Petty Officer(Writer)} SCPO(S) {Senior Chief Petty Officer(Store)} SCPO(L) {Senior Chief Petty Officer(Electrical)} SCPO(R) {Senior Chief Petty Officer(Radio Electrical)} SCPO(Reg) {Senior Chief Petty Officer(Regulating)} SCPO(Med) {Senior Chief Petty Officer(Medical)}
07 MCPO (Master Chief Petty Officer) MCPO(E) {Master Chief Petty Officer(Engineering)} MCPO(S) {Master Chief Petty Officer(Supply)} MCPO(S) {Master Chief Petty Officer(Supply)} MCPO(L)/CEA {Master Chief Petty Officer(Electrical)} MCPO(R)/CREA {Master Chief Petty Officer(Radio Electrical)} MCPO(Reg){Master Chief Petty Officer(Regulating)} MCPO(Med) {Master Chief Petty Officer(Medical)}
08 Honorary Sub Lieutenant(X) Hon S Lt(E) Hon S Lt(S) Hon S Lt(S) Hon S Lt(L) Hon S Lt(R) Hon S Lt(Reg) Hon S Lt(W/M)
09 Honorary Lieutenant(X) Hon Lt(E) Hon Lt(S) Hon Lt(S) Hon Lt(L) Hon Lt(R) Hon Lt(Reg) Hon Lt(W/M)

Shore establishments

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Dhaka[55] Chattogram Khulna Patuakhali

Training institutes

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The Bangladesh Naval Academy is the home of naval cadets to be the future officers of Bangladesh Navy. The academy provides education, athletic and military training to the naval cadets. The academy also offers training programs to the officers of allied navies including navy personnel from Qatar, Sri Lanka, Maldivian and Palestinian Navy.[56][57]

Equipment

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As of November 2020, The Bangladesh Navy has five Guided Missile Frigates,[58][59] two patrol frigates, six Corvettes, thirty-eight minor surface combatants of various types (including patrol vessels, missile boats, and mine hunters), and thirty auxiliaries as surface assets. Submarine branch is equipped with two diesel-electric attack submarines. The naval aviation wing operates both fixed-wing aircraft and rotorcraft.[60] The navy also maintain a special operations force named SWADS.

Submarines

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The Bangladesh Navy's submarine force was established with the commissioning of two refurbished Type 035G (Ming class) submarines on 12 March 2017.[61][62]

Type Number Notes
Diesel-electric attack submarine 2 They carry 57 personnel and 16 Torpedoes with an option of loading 32 mines as well.

Ships

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Main article: List of active ships of the Bangladesh Navy
See also: List of historic ships of the Bangladesh Navy for a list of historic ships of the Bangladesh Navy
 
Personnel aboard BNS Bangabandhu
 
BNS Issa Khan 2016: BNS Somudro Joy (F28), BNS Somudra Avijan (F29), and BNS Nirmul (P813) side by side.
Type Number of ships Notes
Frigate 7 Two of these are patrol frigates.
Corvette 6 [63]
Large patrol craft 5
Offshore patrol vessel 5
Inshore patrol vessel 7
Fast attack craft-missile 4 Rearmed with C-704 AShM.
Fast Attack craft-ASW 4
Fast attack craft-gun 5
Minesweeper 5 Mainly used as offshore patrol vessels.
Survey ship 2
Amphibious warfare 15
Repair ship 1
Tanker 2
Floating dock 1
Auxiliaries 11
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Main article: Bangladesh Naval Aviation
See also: List of active Bangladesh military aircraft
 
Bangladesh Navy AugustaWestland AW-109E Power
 
Dornier 228NG Maritime patrol aircraft operated by Bangladesh Navy
Type Country Class Role In service Orders Notes
AgustaWestland AW109   Italy Rotary wing Utility 2 2 [64]
Dornier 228   Germany Fixed wing turbo-prop MPA 4 [65]

Munitions

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Name Type Range Origin Notes
Otomat Mk 2 Block IV[66] Anti-ship missile 180 km[67][68]   Italy
C-802A[66][69] Anti-ship missile 180 km   People's Republic of China
C-704[66] Anti-ship missile 35 km   People's Republic of China
FM-90N[66] Surface-to-air missile 15 km   People's Republic of China
FL-3000N[66] Surface-to-air missile 9 km   People's Republic of China
Yu-4[66] Torpedo 6 km (original) at 30 knots (56 km/h), 15 km (upgraded) at 40 knots (74 km/h)   People's Republic of China
A244-S Torpedo 13.5 km   Italy

Small arms

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A Bangladesh Navy Captain firing M2 Browning on BNS Bangabandhu in CARAT 2011
 
A Bangladesh navy sailor fires a Type-56 assault rifle aboard the Bangladesh navy frigate BNS Bangabandhu (F 25)
Name Type Caliber Origin Notes
Type 92 Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm   People's Republic of China Standard issue sidearm.
Type 54 Semi-automatic pistol 7.62×25mm   People's Republic of China In special Forces and reserve use.
SIG Sauer P226/228/229 Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm   Germany
  Switzerland
Type 56 Assault rifle 7.62×39mm   China   Bangladesh Assembled locally by BOF.
BD-08 Assault rifle 7.62×39mm   Bangladesh Produced under license by BOF.
M4A1 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm   United States SWADS.
Daewoo K2 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm   Republic of Korea SWADS.
M24 sniper rifle sniper rifle 7.62×51mm   United States SWADS.
Heckler and Koch MP5 sub-machine gun 9×19mm   Germany
Daewoo K7 sub-machine gun 9×19mm   Republic of Korea
BD-15 LMG[70] Light machine gun 7.62×39mm   Bangladesh Produced under license by BOF.
M240B General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm   United States Used on Defender-class boat
L44A1 General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm   United Kingdom Used on Island-class OPV, Meghna-class OPV, River-class minesweeper
DShK Heavy machine gun 12.7×108mm   Russia
CIS 50MG Heavy machine gun 12.7×99mm   Singapore [71]
M2 Browning Heavy machine gun 12.7×99mm   United States Used on BNS Bangabandhu

Future modernization plans

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Main article: Forces Goal 2030

Bangladesh has made a long term modernisation plan for its Armed Forces named Forces Goal 2030.[72] The plan includes the modernization and expansion of all equipment and infrastructures and providing enhanced training.[72] Bangladesh Navy is setting up a new base at Rabanabad in Patuakhali named BNS Sher-e-Bangla, which will be the largest naval base of the country. The base will have submarine berthing and aviation facilities.[31] A separate submarine base named BNS Sheikh Hasina, is under construction at Pekua in Cox's Bazar.[34] The construction works of a fleet headquarters at the Sandwip channel of Chittagong with ship berthing facilities is already going on.[73]

Khulna Shipyard is currently building five padma-class patrol vessels for the navy. The same shipyard launched two hydrographic research ships and two coastal survey boats for the Bangladesh Navy. The ships are in trial phase now.

BN has issued two tenders for the procurement of four helicopters with anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface vessel warfare (ASuW), over-the-horizon targeting (OTHT), maritime search and rescue (MSAR), medical evacuation (MEDEVAC), casualty evacuation (CASEVAC) and special mission capabilities.[74][75] Contract has been signed for two maritime patrol aircraft on 27 March 2017.

Bangladesh Navy issued a tender for the supply of Technical Data Link (TDL) system. The system will connect 16 platforms as 2 frigates, 4 corvettes, 1 LPC, 3 shore stations, 2 helicopters, 2 MPAs and two submarines.[76] In April 2018, Bangladesh Navy issued tender for two X-band navigational radars with helicopter landing control facility for two of its ships.[77] At the same time, another tender was issued for replacing two 40 mm Fast Forty guns on-board BNS Bangabandhu with new 40 mm twin-barrel gun system.[78]

In December 2019, the prime minister discussed about the past, present and future development programs for the Bangladesh Navy at the winter passing out parade of the Bangladesh Naval Academy. She told that the process is going on for procuring more corvettes, minesweepers, oceanographic research ship and sail training ship. Process of constructing six frigates at Chittagong Dry Dock in collaboration with foreign shipbuilders is also going on. Government has taken initiative for making missiles and Identification friend or foe system in Bangladesh. She added that, there is a plan to induct more maritime patrol aircraft, anti-submarine warfare helicopters and long range MPA in the near future.[79]

See also

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References

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