A caretaker government of Bangladesh, (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের তত্ত্বাবধায়ক সরকার) is an unelected interim government in Bangladesh tasked with organizing free and fair general elections. The Chief Adviser, the head of government in lieu of the Prime Minister, is appointed by the President. The Chief Advisor appoints other advisers, who act as ministers. The appointments are intended to be nonpartisan.
| The caretaker government of Bangladesh | |
|---|---|
| বাংলাদেশের তত্ত্বাবধায়ক সরকার | |
 Seal of the Chief Advisor | |
 Standard of the Chief Adviser | |
since 8 August 2024 | |
| Style | His Excellency (Diplomatic) Honourable Chief Advisor (Informal) Honourable (Official) |
| Status | Active |
| Member of | |
| Appointer | President of Bangladesh |
| Term length | 3 months (Or until another General Election is held) |
| Formation | 26 March 1996 |
| First holder | Muhammad Habibur Rahman (1996) |
| Final holder | Muhammad Yunus (2024) |
| Abolished | 10 May 2011 (Gained power at 8 August 2024 after following the overthrow of Sheikh Hasina at August 5, 2024. See “Successor” below for more information.) |
| Succession | Interim government of Bangladesh |
The caretaker government is only permitted to make necessary policy decisions, and may not contest the elections.
History
edit1996 constitutional amendment
editKhaleda Zia of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) was elected as Prime Minister of Bangladesh for the first time by the 1991 general election[1]. She was elected again in the following February 1996 general election. The election was organized by Zia's government rather than a neutral caretaker government and was boycotted by the major opposition parties − the Awami League, Jatiya Party and Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami. Without major competition, the BNP won a landslide victory and Zia was re-elected. The opposition demanded new elections under a caretaker government. Civil unrest led to these demands being met in late-March and an Awami League victory in the June 1996 general election.[2]
On 28 March, the 13th amendment to the Constitution of Bangladesh introduced the practice of non-partisan caretaker governments for the holding of general elections.
2006-2008 caretaker government
edit
In late-2006, President Iajuddin Ahmed formed a caretaker government. Chief Justice K.M. Hasan was unable to fill the role of Chief Advisor; according to the Awami League, the outgoing government — controlled by Zia's BNP — appointed Hasan as Chief Justice to influence the caretaker government. The dispute resulted in violent unrest and the cancellation of the January 2007 general election.
Fakhruddin Ahmed formed a new caretaker government in January 2007 supported by the Bangladesh Armed Forces[3]. The caretaker government maintained a limited state of emergency while pursuing Awami and BNP members for corruption. The caretaker government was replaced after the 2008 general election, having exceeded the constitutionally-mandated term limit of 120-days.
Abolition
editIn 2011, the Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's Awami League-led government abolished caretaker governments with the 15th constitutional amendment.[4] This amendment was opposed by the BNP and other parties.[5] According to Hasina, the courts could dissolve parliament.[6] According to Ershad in 2012, there was popular support for caretaker governments.[7]
Process
editThe scope of caretaker government was defined in the 13th constitutional amendment. There were six options for the appointment of Chief Advisor, with the President being the last. The caretaker government had to hold elections within 90 days, and hand over power to the newly-elected government within 120 days. It was responsible for maintaining day-to-day government operations, routine duties, and organizing general elections.
References
edit- ^ "1991 Bangladeshi general election - Wikiwand". www.wikiwand.com. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
- ^ Islam, Syed Serajul (2001). "Elections and politics in post-Ershad era in Bangladesh" (PDF). Asian and African Studies. 10 (1): 160–173. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
- ^ "A look back at caretaker governments throughout the years". The Business Standard. 8 August 2024. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
- ^ Liton, Shakhawat; Hasan, Rashidul (1 July 2011). "Caretaker system abolished". The Daily Star.
- ^ "Running Elections in Bangladesh", The Economist August 2012
- ^ সংসদ রেখে নির্বাচন হবে না [The Parliamentary Election Will Not Be]. Prothom Alo (in Bengali). 19 September 2012. Archived from the original on 22 September 2012.
- ^ 'টাইমস অব ইন্ডিয়া'কে এরশাদ, পাঁচ বছর অন্তর জনগণ সরকারের পরিবর্তন চায় ['Times of India' Who says, wants to change the government's five-year intervals]. Daily Manab Zamin (in Bengali). 23 August 2012. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012.
External links
edit- "List of advisers and portfolios". Bangladesh Government. Archived from the original on 11 June 2007.
- Hasanuzzaman, Al Masud (2012). "Caretaker Government". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- "Khairul Haque made CJ". New Age. Dhaka. 27 September 2010. Archived from the original on 1 October 2010.