Christopher Paget Mayhew, Baron Mayhew (12 June 1915 – 7 January 1997)[1] was a British politician who was a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) from 1945 to 1950 and from 1951 to 1974, when he left the Labour Party to join the Liberals. In 1981 Mayhew received a life peerage and was raised to the House of Lords as Baron Mayhew. He is most known for his central role in founding the Information Research Department (IRD), a secret wing of the Foreign Office dedicated to Cold War propaganda.
The Lord Mayhew | |
|---|---|
| Member of Parliament for South Norfolk | |
| In office 5 July 1945 – 3 February 1950 | |
| Preceded by | James Archibald Christie |
| Succeeded by | Peter Baker |
| Member of Parliament for Woolwich East | |
| In office 14 June 1951 – 20 September 1974 | |
| Preceded by | Ernest Bevin |
| Succeeded by | John Cartwright |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Christopher Paget Mayhew 12 June 1915 London, England |
| Died | 7 January 1997 (aged 81) London, England |
| Political party |
|
| Spouse | |
| Children | 4 |
Early life
editChristopher Paget Mayhew was born in London, the son of Sir Basil Mayhew of Felthorpe Hall, Norwich.[2][3] He attended Haileybury and Christ Church, Oxford,[2] as an exhibitioner. In 1934 he holidayed in Moscow. While he was at Oxford, he became President of the Oxford Union. He was commissioned into the Intelligence Corps in 1940, rising to the rank of Major.[2]
Political career
editMayhew was elected to Parliament for the constituency of South Norfolk in the general election of 1945.[4]
In 1945, Mayhew became Under-Secretary of State at the Foreign Office, where he served under Ernest Bevin. According to a long time associate, Claud Morris, Mayhew had "ghost-written some of the most powerful speeches of Ernest Bevin'.[5] He lobbied Bevin and Clement Attlee for a "propaganda counter-offensive" against the USSR. This led, in 1948, to the establishment of the Information Research Department (IRD). Mayhew was the first head of the IRD. The departments existence was only made public in 1978, two years after it had closed.[6] Mayhew lost his seat in 1950, but soon returned to Parliament after the death of Bevin, when he won the by-election in 1951 for Bevin's seat of Woolwich East.[2]
During Labour's 13 years in opposition, from 1951 to 1964, Mayhew represented the Labour Party on television, both as a commentator on the BBC and as a presenter on Party Political Broadcasts.[2] He introduced the first Labour broadcast, in 1951, in which he talked with Sir Hartley Shawcross. Mayhew became known as one of the fiercest opponents of unilateral nuclear disarmament in the Labour Party. He also served as Shadow War Secretary from 1960 to 1961 and as a spokesman on foreign affairs from 1961 to 1964.
When Labour took office in 1964, Mayhew was appointed as Minister of Defence for the Royal Navy. However, in 1966, after the Wilson government decided to shift British airpower from carrier-based planes to land-based planes and cancel the CVA-01 aircraft carrier programme, Mayhew resigned along with the First Sea Lord, Sir David Luce.
Mayhew was a consistent advocate of Palestinian rights. In 1971, with fellow MP Dennis Walters and publisher Claud Morris, he launched a bi-monthly journal, Middle East International (MEI). Mayhew had been promised £50,000 from the Sheikh Zayed of the UAE to publish the new magazine. [7] The money was to be channeled through a foundation set up in Geneva by former ambassador Harold Beeley calling itself the Arab Non-Arab Foundation (ANAF).[8][9][10] Mayhew remained Chairman of MEI until his death in 1997. MEI continued to be published for a further eight years. Over its thirty-four years MEI had a number of retired British diplomats serving as directors, including James Craig and Anthony Nutting. It was described by The Jewish Chronicle as the "authoritative voice of the pro-Arab lobby".[11]
In 1973, Mayhew offered £5,000 to anyone who could produce evidence that Nasser had stated that he sought to "drive the Jews into the sea". Mayhew repeated the offer later in the House of Commons (Hansard, 18 October 1973) and broadened it to include any genocidal statement by any responsible Arab leader (The Guardian, 9 September 1974), while reserving for himself the right to be the arbiter of the authenticity of any purported statements as well as their meaning. Mayhew received several letters from claimants, each one producing one quotation or another from an Arab leader, all of which Mayhew assessed as fabricated.
One claimant, Warren Bergson, a 22-year old student from Salford, took Mayhew to court. The case came before the High Court in February 1976. Bergson was unable to offer evidence of Nasser's alleged statement and acknowledged that, after thorough research, he had been unable to find any statement by a responsible Arab leader that could be described as genocidal. Bergson's lawyer admitted that the full text of a statement on which his client had relied made it clear that that "the statement was not genocidal." Bergson offered an apology to Mayhew.[12]
Move to Liberal Party
editMayhew had been feeling increasingly uneasy with Labour policies under Harold Wilson and in 1974 he moved to the Liberals, being the first Member of Parliament to cross the floor to the Liberals in several decades.[2] In the general election in October 1974, Mayhew contested Bath instead of Woolwich East in order not to split his former constituency party. He was defeated in Bath, which he also unsuccessfully contested in 1979.[2]
On 6 July 1981 Mayhew was named a life peer with the title Baron Mayhew, of Wimbledon in Greater London,[13] and became the Liberals' spokesman on defence in the House of Lords.
Other activities
editMayhew was also active as an advocate for the mentally ill and served as Chairman of MIND (National Association for Mental Health) from 1992 to 1997.
He wrote several books, including Publish It Not: The Middle East Cover-Up (co-written with Michael Adams, 1975) and his autobiography, Time To Explain (1987).
Panorama experiment
editIn 1955 Mayhew took part in an experiment that was intended to form a Panorama special for BBC TV, but was never broadcast. Under the guidance of his friend Humphry Osmond, Mayhew ingested 400 mg of mescaline hydrochloride and allowed himself to be filmed for the duration of the trip.[14] Samples of the audio were used in the psychedelic dance tracks "Mayhew Speaks Out" and "Christopher Mayhew Says" by the band the Shamen. Part of the footage was included in the BBC documentary LSD – The Beyond Within (1986).
Personal life
editIn 1949, he married Cicely Ludlam, whom he met when she was one of few women in the diplomatic service, and they had two sons and two daughters.[15]
Mayhew died in London on 7 January 1997, at the age of 81.[2]
Publications
edit- Dear Viewer (1953)
- Man Seeking God (1955)
- Commercial Television – What is to be done? (1959)
- Coexistence plus. A positive approach to world peace (1962)
- Britain's role tomorrow (1967)
- Publish it not. The Middle East cover up (1975)
- The Disillusioned Voter's Guide to Electoral Reform (1976)
- Time to Explain: An Autobiography (1997)
- A War of Words: A Cold War Witness (1998)
References
edit- ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "N" (part 2)
- ^ a b c d e f g h Ingham, Robert (2004). "Mayhew, Christopher Paget, Baron Mayhew (1915–1997), politician". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/63222. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "King's Collections : Archive Catalogues : MAYHEW, Rt Hon Christopher Paget, Baron Mayhew of Wimbledon in Greater London (1915–1997) : 1–19: Papers". Kingscollections.org. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ^ Craig, F. W. S. (1983) [1969]. British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 434. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
- ^ Morris, Claud (1996) The Last Inch, a Middle Eastern Odyssey. Kegan & Paul International [1], ISBN 0-7103-0552-4 p.208
- ^ * Leigh, David (27 January 1978). "Death of the department that never was". The Guardian. Facsimile of page (PDF) *
- ^ https://www.jstor.org/stable/23604055?read-now=1&seq=21 Lionel Kochan p.214 requires registering to read
- ^ ANAF foundation list of board members
- ^ "Obituary: Sir Harold Beeley". The Guardian. 31 July 2001. Archived from the original on 24 October 2022.
- ^ obituary with details of disagreement, The Daily Telegraph
- ^ JC 14 May 1982 p.6
- ^ "Mayhew Action Dropped" (PDF). Association of Jewish Refugees. April 1976. p. 3. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "No. 48673". The London Gazette. 9 July 1981. p. 9091.
- ^ "Panorama: The Mescaline Experimetn". SOTCAA. February 2005. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ^ Michael Adams (23 October 2011). "Obituary: Lord Mayhew". The Independent. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
External links
edit- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Christopher Mayhew
- Amazon entry for Publish It Not: The Middle East Cover Up
- Newspaper clippings about Christopher Mayhew in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
- Christopher Mayhew at IMDb