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Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry

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Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, commonly known as Barts or BL, is a medical and dental school in London, England. The school is part of Queen Mary University of London, a constituent college of the federal University of London, and the United Hospitals.[2] It was formed in 1995 by the merger of the London Hospital Medical College (the first school to be granted an official charter for medical teaching in 1785) and the Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital (established in 1843, with medical teaching dating back to the founding of the hospital in 1123).

Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
MottoLatin: Amara lento tempera risu[1]
Motto in English
Temper the bitter things in life with a smile
TypeMedical and dental school
Established1123 (St Bartholomew's Hospital)
1785 (London Hospital Medical College)
1843 (Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital)
1995 (Merger of medical colleges with Queen Mary and Westfield College)
Parent institution
Queen Mary University of London
PresidentLord Mayor of London
WardenMark Caulfield
Students3,410[needs update]
Undergraduates2,235
Postgraduates1,175
Location
London, England
Colours   
AffiliationsUnited Hospitals
Websitewww.qmul.ac.uk/smd/ Edit this at Wikidata

The school has multiple sites, having a presence at the site of both of the former colleges at and near their respective hospitals, St Bartholomew's Hospital (in Smithfield in the City of London and nearby in Charterhouse Square), and the Royal London Hospital in Whitechapel with an additional site at Queen Mary's main (Mile End) campus, and a satellite campus, commencing 2017, on the island of Gozo in Malta.[3]

As of 2018, the school had 2,235 undergraduate and 1,175 postgraduate students, for a total of 3,410 students.[4][needs update]

History

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London Hospital Medical College

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Main article: London Hospital Medical College

The medical college at the London Hospital, now the Royal London Hospital, opened in 1785. It was England's first purpose-built medical school, pioneering a new kind of medical education, with an emphasis on theoretical and clinical teaching. The teaching premises were expanded in 1854, when buildings in Turner Street were built and opened, which are still in use today. For many years it functioned as an unincorporated general medical school of the University of London, until it was incorporated as The London Hospital Medical College on 30 March 1949.[5] A dental school also opened at the London Hospital in 1911, acquiring the new dental institute and expanding student numbers during the 1960s. Dental education developed during the 1970s, increasing collaboration between dentists and other professionals.

Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital

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Records of students at St Bartholomew's Hospital date back to at least 1662, although a purpose-built lecture theatre at the hospital was not built until 1791, and it was not until that 1822 the governors formally approved the provision of medical education within the hospital.[6][7] Later a residential college was established, which moved to premises at Charterhouse Square in the 1930s. The medical college was formally established in 1843, and was incorporated as the Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital on 26 July 1921.[8]

Merger

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Both colleges were admitted to the University of London in 1900, and a close association between the two was developed following the Royal Commission on Medical Education in 1968, with new links with the then Queen Mary College being established at the same time. In 1989 the pre-clinical teaching at the two colleges was merged and sited in the Basic Medical Sciences Building at Queen Mary (where it stayed until 2005, when it was moved to the Blizard Building at the Whitechapel campus). The two colleges officially merged in 1995, along with Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, now known as Queen Mary University of London, forming the combined entity known as Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry.

In 2016, the school reached an agreement with the government of Malta to open a satellite campus on the island of Gozo, with a purpose-built medical school and anatomy centre to be built on the Gozo General Hospital campus. The first students were admitted in 2017, and the buildings were due to be completed in 2019.[9]

In recent years, Queen Mary University of London has attempted to remove aspects of the 'Barts and The London' name and identity from the School of Medicine and Dentistry. In 2019, QMUL changed the logo of Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, to much resistance from staff and students of the medical and dental school.[10] A petition was sent to the principal of the university, Colin Bailey. This has become an ongoing issue, with Barts and The London Students' Association condemning the way the BL identity and community had been treated.[11] Current students at Barts and The London, as well as alumni, are concerned that this line of change will lead to a complete eradication of the tradition and heritage of Barts and The London.[citation needed]

In 2022, students and alumni reacted with even more anger when University leadership attempted to drop the 'Barts and The London' name entirely and rebrand the School to 'Queen Mary University of London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry'; QMUL responded by claiming that the change was necessary to ensure 'no possible confusion' in its own brand identity.[12][13][14]

Campus

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The Blizard Building in Whitechapel
 
Charterhouse Square

The school is split over a total of five campuses, with the main ones based around the location of the former medical colleges and their respective hospitals. Most medical teaching takes place at the Whitechapel campus, adjacent to The Royal London Hospital. The Blizard Building, a purpose-built building housing research facilities and a lecture theatre, was completed at the Whitechapel site in 2005, and is where most lectures take place. Most dental teaching takes place at the Royal London Dental Hospital, which opened in 2014, adjacent to the main hospital site.[15][16]

Teaching, in particular clinical skills teaching, also takes place at the West Smithfield campus, adjacent to St Bartholomew's Hospital, and the nearby Charterhouse Square campus. The Charterhouse Square campus is also the home of the William Harvey Research Institute, focusing on pharmacology, and houses student residences.

Some additional teaching, including anatomy and dissection, takes place at the main QMUL campus in Mile End.[17]

Hospitals

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Medical students undertake clinical placements in the following hospitals, the majority of which are located in the City of London and East London, with a few in neighbouring Essex:[18][19]

London

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Essex

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Academic profile

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Teaching

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A unique aspect of the Barts curriculum is the use of problem-based learning, which was first developed at McMaster University Medical School in the 1960s. Barts uses this method as part of an integrated curriculum as opposed to one that is solely or predominately based on problem based learning. Students work in groups with a tutor on a clinical case or problem, and use problem based learning to supplement the knowledge they acquire during their lectures.

The standard undergraduate Medicine course is a five-year course, which results in the award of an MBBS degree. Students also have the option of extending their studies by a further year in order to study for an intercalated BSc in a range of related subjects. This is usually done after the 2nd, 3rd or 4th year.[20]

Students who already have a science or health-related degree and who wish to study Medicine can also choose to apply to the Graduate Entry Programme (GEP). This is a four-year course, with the first two years of the standard undergraduate course being condensed into one. The remaining years of the course are identical to the undergraduate course.[21]

Several of the constituent institutes also offer undergraduate and postgraduate programmes such as Neuroscience by the Blizard Institute and Pharmacology by the William Harvey Research Institute.[22][23] These programmes will result in the award of a BSc, MSc, or MRes, with undergraduate study options including optional years abroad or in industry.

Rankings

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The medical school has scored highly in a number of independent rankings in recent years, placing it in the top 10 of medical schools in the United Kingdom:[needs update]

The dental school has also been ranked highly:[needs update]

  • ranked 3rd by The Complete University Guide (2017)[25]
  • ranked 3rd by The Guardian (2017)
  • ranked 4th by The Times and The Sunday Times (2017)

Admission

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Admission to both the medical and dental schools is highly competitive.[26] Over 2,500 applications to study medicine are received by the school each year.[27] Of these, 800 candidates are interviewed and approximately 440 offers are made.[27] For dentistry, over 700 applications are received, of which 250 candidates are interviewed and approximately 150 offers are made.[28]

The school accepts A-levels, the International Baccalaureate Diploma, Irish Leaving Certificate, Scottish Highers, Cambridge Pre-U and the European Baccalaureate as entry qualifications. Both the medical and dental degrees are open to graduate students, with a minimum of a 2:1 required.[27][28] Applicants must sit the UK Clinical Aptitude Test which is used alongside the UCAS application to determine selection for interview.[27][28] The school also accepts medical students only from the universities of Cambridge, Oxford, and St Andrews aiming to complete a three-year direct clinical entry programme. Students applying to this scheme do not need to apply by 15 October deadline and are not required to take the UKCAT.[29]

Research

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The school serves a diverse population in East London and the wider Thames Gateway, with the differing demographics of East London in contrast to other areas of the country providing the school with a unique teaching opportunity. Consequently, many of the school's research efforts are focused on conditions that are prevalent or endemic to the local area, for example, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, tuberculosis and other chronic lung diseases, HIV, oral disease, and cancer.

The school has six research institutes:

  • Barts Cancer Institute[30] researches cancer and inflammation, experimental cancer medicine, haemato-oncology, cancer stem cells and ageing, cancer genomics, molecular oncology and imaging and tumour biology.[31] The director is Nick Lemoine.[32]
  • Blizard Institute, which focuses on surgery, paediatrics, cutaneous, diabetes, gastroenterology, haematology, infectious diseases, neuroscience, pathology and health sciences.
  • Institute of Dentistry does research and teaching in adult oral health, oral growth and development, and clinical and diagnostic oral sciences.
  • Institute of Health Sciences Education is responsible for the teaching of pre-clinical medical sciences to medical students along with research in medical education and community based medical education.
  • William Harvey Research Institute is a research facility focusing on biochemical pharmacology, orthopaedic diseases, endocrinology, genomics, clinical pharmacology and translational medicine and therapeutics. It was founded by Sir John Vane, with Professor Sir Mark Caulfield currently serving as its director.
  • Wolfson Institute of Population Health researches public health and policy, preventive medicine, epidemiology, mathematics and statistics, psychology and psychiatry.[33]


Students' Association

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BLSA Logo
 
The BLSA building in Whitechapel

Barts and The London Students' Association (BLSA) is the students' union for the medical and dental school, a largely independent arm of Queen Mary Students' Union (QMSU) formed when the student unions of St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical School and the London Hospital Clubs Union merged with QMSU at the time their parent bodies merged in 1995.

The BLSA Building, where the students' association is based, is set to be demolished at the end of 2024. This building is the original site of the London Hospital Clubs' Union, and the BLSA will move into the Garrod Building, the original site of teaching at the London Hospital Medical College. The BLSA is led by a sabbatical student president, with a board of part-time student officers who operationally run the association, and provide activities for students at Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry.

The Students' Association has a distinct structure and culture from that of QMSU, with its own clubs and societies for most sports and activities, competing in the National Association of Medics' Sports and United Hospitals Competitions against other schools and universities.

The BLSA also exists at the Malta Campus of the Medical School, based in Gozo, to provide students' union services to the students studying there.

Notable people

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Notable staff

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Notable alumni

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Fictional alumni

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  • Harold Legg – doctor in the British soap opera EastEnders from 1985 to 1997, making guest appearances in 2000 and 2004
  • Dr. Watson – Sherlock Holmes's companion and "biographer": not only did the two first meet in the pathology laboratories in 1881, but Watson studied and met his friend Stamford (who was Watson's "dresser" – the equivalent nowadays of the surgical houseman) at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in the mid/late 1870s.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Garrod Building". Survey of London. Archived from the original on 16 November 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  2. ^ "University of London: Queen Mary University of London". lon.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  3. ^ "Find US". Barts and The London website. Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry. Archived from the original on 15 November 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
  4. ^ "Number of students at Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry". WhatDoTheyKnow. 13 January 2019. Archived from the original on 23 January 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  5. ^ "Queen Mary and Westfield College Act 1995". legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  6. ^ "St Bartholomew's Medical College Green". London Gardens Online. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  7. ^ "St Bartholomew's - our history". Barts Health NHS Trust. Archived from the original on 20 June 2019. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  8. ^ "St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College". Women at Queen Mary. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  9. ^ "Prime Minister visits new medical school building in Malta". Queen Mary University of London. 17 May 2019. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  10. ^ "Save our BL". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  11. ^ "Save Our BL - Executive Officer Statement". BLSA. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  12. ^ "We Are BL". Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  13. ^ Knapton, Sarah (31 January 2022). "Students bare teeth as Barts Medical School losing historic name". The Telegraph. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  14. ^ Al Mustaqeem, Syraat (3 February 2022). "Barts medical school modern name-change sparks petition with almost 10,000 signatures". Evening Standard.
  15. ^ "Find Us". Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry. Archived from the original on 8 October 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  16. ^ "The UK's first new dental school and hospital for 40 years opens today". Queen Mary University of London. 12 June 2014. Archived from the original on 8 October 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  17. ^ "Francis Bancroft Building Engineering Review" (PDF). WhatDoTheyKnow. 27 December 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  18. ^ "Medicine MBBS 5 Years (A100) - Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry". Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  19. ^ "Medical students". North East London NHS Foundation Trust. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  20. ^ "Intercalated degrees - Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry". Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  21. ^ "Medicine Graduate Entry Programme (A101) - Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry". Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  22. ^ https://www.qmul.ac.uk/blizard/study/
  23. ^ https://www.qmul.ac.uk/whri/study-with-us/
  24. ^ "Rankings and league tables". School of Medicine and Dentistry. BATL. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  25. ^ a b "Rankings and league tables". School of Medicine and Dentistry. BATL. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  26. ^ "Frequently asked questions (MBBS and BDS)". School of Medicine and Dentistry. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  27. ^ a b c d "Medicine MBBS 5 Years (A100)". School of Medicine and Dentistry. Archived from the original on 12 September 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  28. ^ a b c "Dentistry BDS 5 Years (A200)". School of Medicine and Dentistry. Archived from the original on 12 September 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  29. ^ "Policy for Admissions to Undergraduate Programmes in Medicine and Dentistry 2014/15" (PDF). Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  30. ^ "Cancer Research UK Barts Centre". Barts Cancer Institute. 2022. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2022.
  31. ^ "Barts Cancer Institute". Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  32. ^ "Professor Nick Lemoine - Barts Cancer Institute". Archived from the original on 27 May 2016.
  33. ^ "About us - Wolfson Institute of Population Health". www.qmul.ac.uk. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  34. ^ 'WATKINS, Prof. Hugh Christian', in Who's Who 2012 (London: A. & C. Black, 2012)
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