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Bassano del Grappa

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Bassano del Grappa (Venetian: Basan[3] or Bassan, pronounced [baˈsaŋ]) is a city and comune, in the Vicenza province, in the region of Veneto, in northern Italy. It bounds the communes of Cassola, Marostica, Solagna, Pove del Grappa, Romano d'Ezzelino, Campolongo sul Brenta, Conco, Rosà, Cartigliano and Nove. Some neighbourhoods of these communes have become in practice a part of the urban area of Bassano, so that the population of the whole conurbation totals around 70,000 people.

Bassano del Grappa
Basan / Bassan (Venetian)
Comune
Città di Bassano del Grappa
Bassano del Grappa (Vicenza), Italy
Ponte degli Alpini and Upper Castle.
Coat of arms of Bassano del Grappa
Coat of arms
Location of Bassano del Grappa
Map
Bassano del Grappa is located in Italy
Bassano del Grappa
Bassano del Grappa
Location of Bassano del Grappa in Italy
Bassano del Grappa is located in Veneto
Bassano del Grappa
Bassano del Grappa
Bassano del Grappa (Veneto)
Coordinates: 45°46′00″N 11°44′03″E / 45.76667°N 11.73417°E / 45.76667; 11.73417
CountryItaly
RegionVeneto
ProvinceVicenza (VI)
FrazioniRubbio. Contrade: Campese, Marchesane, San Michele, Sant'Eusebio, Valrovina
Government
 • MayorElena Pavan (Lega Nord)
Area
[1]
 • Total
46 km2 (18 sq mi)
Elevation
129 m (423 ft)
Population
 (31 December 2018)[2]
 • Total
43,412
 • Density940/km2 (2,400/sq mi)
DemonymBassanesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
36061
Dialing code0424
ISTAT code024012
Patron saintSt. Bassianus
Saint day19 January
WebsiteOfficial website

The 16th century painter Jacopo Bassano was born, worked, and died in Bassano, and took the town name as his own surname.

History

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Prehistoric and Roman periods

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The city was founded in the 2nd century BC by a Roman called Bassianus, whence the name, as an agricultural estate. However, an ancient bronze sword (called "spada di Riccardo"), found in 2009[4] and dating back to the 7th century BC, possibly between the 18th and 15th century BC, suggests that the area of Bassano was already inhabited not just in the pre-Roman period, but possibly even in the pre-Venetic period, as confirmed by some artifacts found in a necropolis located in the neighbourhood of San Giorgio di Angarano. [5]

From the Middle Ages to Venice

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The first news of the existence of the medieval city dates from 998, while the castle is mentioned first in 1150. In 1175 Bassano was conquered by Vicenza, but the city maintained a semi-autonomous status as a free comune in the 13th century also, when it was home to the family of the Ezzelini, who first unified the various territories of Veneto.

In 1278, according to Giovanni da Nono, Matteo of the Cortusi family of Padua was elected podestà. In 1281, the city came under Paduan control.[6] In 1368 Bassano was acquired by the Visconti of Milan and was given the status of "separate land" (terra separata[7][8]).

 
Piazza Libertà with the Lion of Saint Mark

In 1404, Bassano became a part of the Stato da Tera 'Mainland State' of the Venetian Republic, which granted the Bassanese district the status of autonomous podesteria, "free and separate from whatever city and from the jurisdiction of whatever city" (sit ipsa terra exempta et separata a quacumque civitate et iurisdictione cuiuscumque civitatis[9]) and subordinate only to Venice. The autonomous district included Bassano properly and the villas of Cartigliano, Cismon and Primolano, Rossano, San Nazario, Pove, Solagna plus Cassola (on lands previously belonging to Pove and Solagna) and Tezze and Rosà (on lands previously part of Bassano). In addition to this, Valstagna and Campese (then belonging to Vicenza and the Seven Communes) and Romano and Mussolente (then belonging to Treviso) had strong commercial and political ties with the district as they were located very close to Bassano and its port on the river Brenta connected with Venice. In 1760 Doge Francesco Loredan granted Bassano the title of City, subsequently retained under the Austrian and the Italian States. The Serenissima did not alter the town's magistratures, limiting itself to impose a Captain chosen by the Venetian Senate. The city became home to a flourishing industry producing wool, silk, iron and copper, and mainly for ceramics; in the 18th became especially famous in all Europe for the presence of the Remondini [it] printer company.

From the fall of Venice to modern times

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During the French Revolutionary Wars the city was the site of the Battle of Bassano. Napoleon Bonaparte remained in Bassano del Grappa for many months. In 1815 it was included in the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, and became part of the unified Kingdom of Italy in 1866.

Until 1928 the name of the town was Bassano Veneto. After the terrible battles on Mount Grappa in World War I, where thousands of soldiers died, a decision was made to change the name of the town. In 1928, the name was changed to Bassano del Grappa, meaning Bassano of Mount Grappa, as a memorial to the soldiers killed. Ernest Hemingway during his days as an ambulance driver in the war spent many days in Bassano and eventually settled there as part of A Farewell to Arms. Also other American writers spent some days in Bassano during World War I such as Scott Fitzgerald and Dos Passos.

 
The Ponte Vecchio or Ponte degli Alpini

During World War I Bassano was in the front area, and all industrial activities were halted.

In the last days of World War II, Bassano del Grappa was bombed by USAF B-24s and B-17s.[10]

The symbol of the town is the covered Ponte Vecchio, which was designed by the architect Andrea Palladio in 1569. The wooden pontoon bridge was destroyed many times, the last time during World War II. The Alpine soldiers, Alpini, have always revered the wooden bridge and Bassano del Grappa. After the destruction of the bridge, they took up a private collection and had the bridge completely rebuilt. Soldiers often flock to the bridge to remember and sing songs from their days as alpine soldiers. The grappa shop of Nardini Distillery is located on the bridge, known as Ponte degli Alpini.

Bassano del Grappa is also the long residence town of Renzo Rosso, the founder and President of Diesel. Since Diesel began to expand in the mid-1980s, the company has become an important source of business for the city and its surrounding region. As thanks for the support that Rosso has received locally, he has invested personally in the city's professional soccer team, Bassano Virtus 55 S.T.

Geography

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Bassano is located at 129 m (423 ft) above sea level and has an area of 46.79 km2 (18.07 sq mi). Its highest point is at 1,276 m (4,186 ft), whereas the lowest point is at 84 m (276 ft). The city lies at the foothills of the Venetian Prealps, where river Brenta comes out the southern end of Canal di Brenta (also called Valbrenta 'Brenta valley') and flows in the lowlands at the borders of Vicenza, Treviso and Padua provinces.

Main sights

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  • The cathedral (Duomo), built around the year 1000 but renovated in 1417. It has works by Leandro da Bassano, Ottavio Marinali and others
  • The Castello Superiore (Upper Castle)
  • The church of St. John the Baptist, built in the 14th century and restored in the 18th century.
  • San Francesco: with a Crucifix by Guariento (14th century) and remains of contemporary frescoes. Next to the church is the Town Museum, with ancient archaeological remains, works by Antonio Canova and the Tiepolos, and drawings by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Spagnoletto, Albrecht Dürer and Rembrandt
  • The wooden covered bridge, built on the Brenta River, known as Ponte Vecchio or Ponte degli Alpini, was designed in 1569 by the architect Andrea Palladio to replace a pre-existing construction existing from at least 1209. The bridge was destroyed by a flood in 1748, and was rebuilt three years later. The Nardini tavern on the bridge is unchanged since 1779.
  • Palazzo Michieli-Bonato, with a façade frescoed by Jacopo da Bassano.
  • The Palazzo del Municipio (Town Hall), erected from 1404. It has a noteworthy loggia and a fresco attributed to Jacopo da Bassano.
  • The Monte di Pietà, a Renaissance edifice with 15th-century coats of arms.
  • The Palazzo Sturm, home to the Ceramics Museum
  • The Torre Civica (Civic Tower, 14th Century) 43 metres, in Piazza Garibaldi.

In the neighbourhood are the Villa Rezzonico, designed by Baldassarre Longhena, Art Nouveau's Villa Agnesina, designed by Francesco Bonfanti in 1923, and the 17th century Villa Bianchi-Michiel, with a garden decorated by statues.

Administrative subdivisions

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The municipal statute (art.6, par.2) of Bassano, recognizes only Rubbio as frazione and defines Campese, Marchesane, San Michele, Sant'Eusebio and Valrovina as contrade. The other existing neighbourhoods of Bassano are not mentioned in the statute. However, in practice, all the administrative subdivisions have the same prerogatives and are named quartieri.

Frazioni

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Rubbio is a frazione and quartiere located at an altitude of 1,057 m (3,468 ft) on the Asiago plateau. This hamlet is contiguous with another hamlet, also named Rubbio, which is part of the commune of Conco. Thus, in practice, the two hamlets form one village (named Rubbio), even though they belong to two different communes from the administrative point of view.

Contrade

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Officially, the contrade (in ven. contrae) are Campese, Marchesane, San Michele, Sant'Eusebio and Valrovina. From an administrative point of view these are also quartieri. However, in practice, some of these neighbourhoods themselves contain smaller inhabited areas (as streets, groups of houses) also called contrade: there are thus contrade within contrade. Besides, some places known as contrade exist also within other neighbourhoods which are officially simply defined as quartieri, but not contrade.

Quartieri

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All the administrative subdivisions (quartieri) of Bassano are: Centro Storico, Margnan-Conca d'oro, San Marco, San Vito, Ca'Baroncello, Quartiere Firenze, Nuovo Ospedale, San Lazzaro, San Fortunato, Borgo Zucco, Marchesane, Rondò Brenta, Angarano, Quartiere XXV Aprile, Sant'Eusebio, San Michele, Valrovina, Rubbio, Campese, Merlo, Quartiere Pré, Santa Croce.

Rubbio, with an area of 6.835 km2, is the largest quartiere of Bassano, but also the least populated (86 inhabitants in 2009).

Quartiere Prè (an old venetian plural meaning meadows, the modern ven. plural is prai), located in the southern lowland of Bassano, is the second least populated quartiere (299 inhabitants in 2009). Part of it hosts an industrial zone that also falls in the nearby San Lazzaro, but it also contains a considerable rural area which falls within the Parco rurale sovracomunale Civiltà delle Rogge regional park.

San Vito, in the north-eastern part of Bassano, is the most inhabited quartiere (5841 inhabitants in year 2009). It merges with the built-up areas of the bordering comunes Romano d'Ezzelino, San Giuseppe di Cassola and Pove del Grappa.

Territorial variations

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Until 1928, the official name of Bassano del Grappa was simply Bassano (as it is still informally called today). In 1878, the neighbourhood of Campese, previously belonging to the commune of Campolongo sul Brenta, was detached from Campolongo and aggregated to Bassano. In 1938, the commune of Valrovina, which also comprised Rubbio, was suppressed and aggregated to Bassano.

Notable people

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International relations

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy

Twin towns – Sister cities

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Bassano del Grappa is twinned with:

 
Bassano del Grappa, Piazza della Libertà

Main industries in the Bassano del Grappa area

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References

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  1. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  3. ^ Gina, Fasoli, ed. (1988). "Bassano del Grappa XVI century map" (Map). A.S.V. – Raccolta Terkuz 55. Scale not given. Bassano del Grappa – Atlante storico delle città italiane – Veneto. Bologna: Grafis Edizioni. p. 72. Castelo de Basan inset.
  4. ^ Parolin, Lorenzo (2009-05-19). "Trova nel Brenta spada di bronzo di 2700 anni fa". Giornale di Vicenza – Bassano. Archived from the original on 2014-02-21. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
  5. ^ Calogero, Martina (2010-06-04). "Bassano del Grappa – Ragazzo scopre nel Brenta una spada di bronzo del VII secolo a.C." ArcheoRivista. Retrieved 2012-05-16.
  6. ^ Hyde, J. Kenneth (1983). "Cortusi, Guglielmo". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Volume 29: Cordier–Corvo (in Italian). Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.
  7. ^ Scuro, Rachele (2012). Bassano: società ed economia in una terra autonoma della Terraferma veneta del 15. secolo (in Italian). Siena: Ph.D. dissertation. Università degli studi di Siena. p. 16.
  8. ^ Scuro, Rachele; Comitato per la Storia di Bassano (2013). "Bassano nel Quattrocento". In Berti, Giampietro (ed.). Storia di Bassano del Grappa (in Italian). Bassano del Grappa – Romano d'Ezzelino: Grafiche Fantinato. p. 358. ISBN 97888-909531-0-1.
  9. ^ Scuro, Rachele (2012). Bassano : società ed economia in una terra autonoma della Terraferma veneta del 15. secolo. (Ph.D. Dissertation). Siena: Università degli studi di Siena. p. 17.
  10. ^ Combat Chronology, 1941-1945, ed. Kit C Carter, Robert Mueller
  11. ^ "Homepage of the Town-twinning Committee of Mühlacker". Archived from the original on 2013-11-26. Retrieved 2013-07-15.
  12. ^ "45 ans de jumelage : Histoire de cités Le jumelage à Voiron" [45 years of twinning: The history of Voiron's twin towns]. Voiron Hôtel de Ville [Voiron council] (in French). Archived from the original on 2013-06-03. Retrieved 2013-09-04.
  13. ^ "Bassano del Grappa (Italie) Ville jumelée avec Voiron" [Bassano del Grappa, Italy twin town of Voiron]. Voiron Hôtel de Ville [Voiron council] (in French). Archived from the original on 2013-09-04. Retrieved 2013-09-04.
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