Gonorynchus is a genus of long thin gonorynchiform ray-finned fish, commonly called beaked salmon or beaked sandfish. They live on sandy bottoms near shorelines of the temperate & subtropical Southern Hemisphere and East Asia. There are five known extant species which are placed in this genus.[1] All have a distinctive angular snout (hence the name) that the fish use to dig themselves into the sand. A swim bladder is absent.[2]
| Beaked salmon | |
|---|---|
| |
| Gonorynchus gonorynchus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Gonorynchiformes |
| Family: | Gonorynchidae |
| Genus: | Gonorynchus Scopoli ex Gronow, 1777 |
| Type species | |
| Cyprinus gonorynchus Linnaeus, 1766
| |
They are the last surviving members of the ancient family Gonorynchidae, which was much more diverse in the past. Unlike other gonorynchids, there have been no known fossil remains of Gonorynchus identified, although they are assumed to have diverged from their closest relative (the extinct Notogoneus) during the Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous.[3]
The most widespread species is Gonorynchus gonorynchus, found in scattered locations worldwide. It can reach up to 60 cm (24 in) in length. It is a nocturnal fish, feeding on invertebrates at night and burrowing into sand or mud during the day.
Beaked salmon are fished commercially in some areas. The flesh of Gonorynchus greyi, found around Australia and New Zealand, is reported to be "firm and of good flavour".[4]
Species
editSource:[5]
- Gonorynchus abbreviatus Temminck & Schlegel, 1846
- Gonorynchus forsteri J. D. Ogilby, 1911
- Gonorynchus gonorynchus (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Gonorynchus greyi (J. Richardson, 1845)
- Gonorynchus moseleyi D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1923
References
edit- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Gonorynchus". FishBase. June 2011 version.
- ^ Fishes of the World
- ^ Taverne, Emmanuel Fara, Mireille Gayet, Louis (2010), "The Fossil Record of Gonorynchiformes", Gonorynchiformes and Ostariophysan Relationships, CRC Press, doi:10.1201/b10194-6/fossil-record-gonorynchiformes-emmanuel-fara-mireille-gayet-louis-taverne (inactive 1 November 2024), ISBN 978-0-429-06156-1, retrieved 2024-05-09
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Fishbase
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Family Gonorynchidae". FishBase. June 2011 version.