Bedford Borough Council is the local authority of the Borough of Bedford, a local government district in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England. The town of Bedford was a borough from at least the 12th century until 1974, when the modern district was created. It covers a largely rural surrounding area as well as the town itself. The modern council was initially called Bedford District Council from 1974 to 1975, then North Bedfordshire Borough Council from 1975 until 1992, when the current name was adopted. Until 2009 it was a lower-tier district council, with county-level services provided by Bedfordshire County Council. The county council was abolished in 2009, since when Bedford Borough Council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council.
Bedford Borough Council | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| Leadership | |
Laura Church since October 2021 | |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 46 councillors plus elected mayor |
 | |
Political groups |
|
Length of term | Executive mayor elected every four years Whole council elected every four years |
| Elections | |
| Plurality-at-large | |
| First-past-the-post[2] | |
Last election | 4 May 2023 |
Next election | 6 May 2027 |
| Meeting place | |
 | |
| Borough Hall, Cauldwell Street, Bedford, MK42 9AP | |
| Website | |
| www | |
The council has been under no overall control since 1986. Since 2002 the council has been led by the directly elected Mayor of Bedford. The current mayor, elected in 2023, is Tom Wootton, a Conservative. The council is based at Borough Hall, Bedford.
History
editThe town of Bedford was an ancient borough, with its first known charter dating from 1166.[3] The ancient borough covered the five parishes of St Cuthbert, St John, St Mary, St Paul and St Peter.[4]
Bedford was reformed to become a municipal borough in 1836 under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, which standardised how most boroughs operated across the country. It was then governed by a body formally called the 'mayor, aldermen and burgesses of the borough of Bedford', generally known as the corporation, town council or borough council. The borough boundaries were significantly enlarged in 1934 to take in areas from several neighbouring parishes, notably including most of Goldington parish, including the village. The boundaries were expanded again in 1968.[5]
The modern district and its council were created in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, with the first election held in 1973. For its first year it operated as a shadow authority alongside the area's outgoing authorities, being the old Bedford Borough Council, Kempston Urban District Council and Bedford Rural District Council. The new district and its council formally came into being on 1 April 1974.[6][7]
The new district was initially called Bedford, and it was not given borough status to begin with. To preserve Bedford's ancient mayoralty, the councillors representing wards in the town itself acted as charter trustees.[8] On 16 October 1975 the district was both renamed North Bedfordshire and granted borough status, allowing the chair of the council to take the title of mayor, at which point the charter trustees were abolished.[9] The council changed the district's name back to Bedford with effect from 1 October 1992, becoming Bedford Borough Council.[10]
Following a referendum in 2002, the council chose to have a directly elected mayor as its political leader.[11]
Local government in Bedfordshire was reorganised again with effect from 1 April 2009. Bedfordshire County Council was abolished and Bedford Borough Council became a unitary authority. The change implemented was to create a new non-metropolitan county called Bedford covering the same area as the borough, but with no separate county council; instead the existing borough council took on county council functions, making it a unitary authority.[12] Bedford remains part of the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire for the purposes of lieutenancy.[13]
Governance
editAs a unitary authority, Bedford Borough Council provides both district-level and county-level functions. Most of the borough is covered by civil parishes, which form an additional tier of local government for their areas. The exception is the central part of the Bedford urban area, roughly corresponding to the pre-1974 borough of Bedford, which is unparished.[14][15]
The council is a member of the East of England Local Government Association.
Political control
editThe council has been under no overall control since 1986.
Political control since the 1974 reforms has been as follows:[16][17][18]
Lower tier non-metropolitan district
| Party in control | Years | |
|---|---|---|
| No overall control | 1974–1976 | |
| Conservative | 1976–1986 | |
| No overall control | 1986–2009 | |
Unitary authority
| Party in control | Years | |
|---|---|---|
| No overall control | 2009–present | |
Leadership
editBedford Borough Council is one of a relatively small number of councils in England to have a directly elected mayor as its political leader, having chosen to move to directly-elected mayors following a referendum in 2002.[11] The mayors of Bedford since 2002 have been:
| Mayor | Party | From | To | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frank Branston | Independent | 21 Oct 2002 | 14 Aug 2009 | |
| Dave Hodgson | Liberal Democrats | 19 Oct 2009 | 8 May 2023 | |
| Tom Wootton | Conservative | 9 May 2023 | ||
Composition
editThe council comprises 46 councillors plus the elected mayor. Following the 2023 election and subsequent by-elections and changes of allegiance up to June 2024, the composition of the council (excluding the elected mayor's seat) was:[19][20]
| Party | Seats | |
|---|---|---|
| Conservative | 14 | |
| Labour | 13 | |
| Liberal Democrats | 13 | |
| Green | 3 | |
| Independent | 3 | |
| Total | 46 | |
The next election is due to be held in 2027.
Elections
editSince the last boundary changes in 2023, the council has comprised 46 councillors, elected from 28 wards. Council and mayoral elections are held together every four years.[21]
Premises
edit
From 1892 the old Bedford Borough Council was based at the Town Hall in St Paul's Square, which had previously been part of Bedford School, with parts of the building dating back to c. 1550. A large tower block extension was added to the building in 1962. The Town Hall passed to the new council on local government reorganisation in 1974.[22]
Following the abolition of Bedfordshire County Council in 2009, Bedford Borough Council took over the old County Hall on Cauldwell Street, which had been completed in 1969 for the county council, renaming it Borough Hall. The 1962 wing of the Town Hall was subsequently demolished and the older part of the building renovated to become Bedford's register office.[23]
Arms
editBedford has been granted two distinct coats of arms. The first is per pale Argent and Gules a fess Azure, and the second Argent an eagle displayed wings inverted and head turned towards the sinister Sable ducally crowned and surmounted by a castle of three tiers Or.[24]
References
edit- ^ "New Speaker, deputy and change to portfolio holder roles announced". Bedford Borough Council. 16 May 2024. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "Changes to the voting system for mayoral and PCC elections". www.electoralcommission.org.uk.
- ^ "Bedford Borough records introduction". Bedfordshire Archives. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- ^ Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the Municipal Corporations in England and Wales: Appendix 4. 1835. p. 2103. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ^ "Bedford Municipal Borough". A Vision of Britain through Time. GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ^ "The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 1972/2039, retrieved 3 March 2023
- ^ "The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Names) Order 1973", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 1973/551, retrieved 3 March 2023
- ^ "District Councils and Boroughs". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 28 March 1974. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ "No. 46725". The London Gazette. 31 October 1975. p. 13813.
- ^ Bulletin of changes of local authority status, names and areas, 1 April 1992–31 March 1993 (PDF). London: Department of the Environment. 1993. p. 16. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ^ a b Parker, Simon (22 February 2002). "Bedford wants a mayor". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
- ^ "The Bedfordshire (Structural Changes) Order 2008", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 2008/907, retrieved 11 May 2023
- ^ "Lieutenancies Act 1997", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 1997 c. 23, retrieved 26 April 2023
- ^ "Election Maps". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ^ "Bedfordshire: Diagram showing administrative boundaries, 1971". National Library of Scotland. Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ^ "Compositions calculator". The Elections Centre. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
- ^ "Bedford". BBC News Online. 19 April 2009. Retrieved 11 December 2009.
- ^ "Bedford". BBC News Online. Retrieved 11 December 2009.
- ^ "Bedford election result". BBC News. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
- ^ Hutchinson, Paul (3 November 2023). "Bedford Borough Councillor resigns from party over Gaza conflict". Bedford Independent. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
- ^ "The Bedford (Electoral Changes) Order 2022", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 2022/268, retrieved 11 May 2023
- ^ "Bedford Historic Buildings Old Town Hall". Bedfordshire and Luton Libraries' Catalogue. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
- ^ "Historic hall is new home for Registry Office". Bedford Today. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ^ "East of England Region". Civic Heraldry of England. Retrieved 8 March 2021.