The Beijing Municipal Administration & Communication Card (Chinese: 北京市政交通一卡通; pinyin: Běijīng Shìzhèng jiāotōng Yīkǎtōng), more commonly known as the Yikatong (literally One-card pass), is a stored-value contactless smart card used in Beijing, China, for public transportation and related uses.[1][2][3][4] It is similar to Hong Kong's Octopus card, Singapore's CEPAS, the OMNY Card in New York City, United States, or the Oyster card used by Transport for London in London, England.[5][6][7]
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| Location | Beijing, China |
|---|---|
| Launched | 2003 |
| Technology | |
| Currency | CNY¥ |
| Validity |
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| Website | www.bmac.com.cn/ |
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History
editAfter smart card pilot projects proved successful, Yikatong was introduced at the end of 2003 on Beijing subway Line 13 and certain bus routes. Initially, the card was not widely adopted by passengers because of its limited usefulness, the relatively high deposit, and its lack of availability. Beginning on 10 May 2006, Beijing's entire subway system and all Beijing buses began to accept the card, which replaced the traditional paper monthly passes. At the same time, the purchase and recharging of cards became possible at many more commercial outlets. While some passengers initially complained about long queues at bus stops, the system was adopted by increasing numbers of people. On 16 May 2006, 4,471,800 transactions were made using Yikatong.
The system was introduced on some taxis in 2006 and, from the beginning of August 2008, all Beijing taxis were required to accept Yikatong for fare payment.[8] The system was expected to be further expanded for payments of parking fees and expressway tolls.
By the end of 2011, 41.76 million Yikatong cards had been issued.[9]
Beginning in 2022, the Yikatong card was mandated to be tied to an individual's Beijing Health Kit as a way to further enforce China's Zero-COVID efforts and its associated regular testing.[10] This policy has remained despite the end of Zero-COVID,[11] meaning foreigners without a Chinese National ID or Permanent Resident ID plus a mainland Chinese mobile phone number (i.e. visitor with only a passport) are unable to purchase and top up a Yikatong from an automated kiosk, and must transact at a staffed cashier booth.
Cost
editThe card can be purchased with a deposit of CNY 20, and can be bought at most ticket counters at Beijing Subway stations and some bus stations. The deposit is used to cover insufficient funds for a single trip, and can be refunded when the card is returned. The card may be topped up in multiples of CNY 10 up to a maximum of CNY 1000.[12] A Yikatong retains its value for up to three years after its last activity.
When paying by the Yikatong card, passengers get 50% off the normal bus fare within the municipality, except on some special purpose routes with a flat fare.[13] Yikatong offers no discount on subway or taxi fares. Unlimited metro (excluding the Capital and Daxing Airport Express lines) and bus ride passes are available for 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7-day validities.[14]
References
edit- ^ "MTR Beijing website". Archived from the original on 11 September 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ Frommer's Beijing - Page 32 Jen Lin-Liu - 2010 "Ticket booths are below ground, and a ticket costs ¥2 for a ride anywhere with unlimited transfers. The metro card, officially known as the "Municipal Administration and Communication Card" (Shizheng Jiaotong Yikatong, or Yikatong for short..."
- ^ Frommer's Beijing Day by Day, Official U.S.O.C. Edition - Page 149 Jen Lin-Liu, Sherisse Pham - 2007 " The subway card, officially known as the Municipal Administration and Communication Card (Shizheng Jiaotong Yikatong) can be bought for a ¥40 minimum (including ¥20 for deposit)."
- ^ Frommer's China - Page 65 Simon Foster, Candice Lee, Jen Lin-Liu - 2012 The metro card, officially known as the "Municipal Administration and Communication Card" (Shizheng Jiaotong Yikatong, or Yikatong for short) can be bought for a ¥40 minimum, including ¥20 for deposit."
- ^ Smart Spaces and Next Generation Wired/Wireless Networking Page 167 Sergey Balandin, Yevgeni Koucheryavy, Honglin Hu - 2011 "The Oyster card in London[14] and the Yikatong in Beijing[15] are transportation cards based on the MIFARE[16] technology. In Asia, the Octopus Card[17] in Hong Kong is based on the FeliCa standard[18] which is a contactless card ..."
- ^ [unsubstantiated] Misty Littlewood, Mark Littlewood - Gateways to Beijing: a travel guide to Beijing Page 128 2008 YIKATONG (BEIJING SUPER-PASS) — The Yikatong Card (一卡通), also referred to as the Beijing Superpass, is an electronic payment card for use ... The Yikatong serves as a rechargeable, electronic stored value card for cashless payment."
- ^ Chine - Page 176 Michelin / MFPM - 2010 "Bon à savoir – Des cartes de transport prépayées (shizheng jiaotong yikatong) sont en vente dans les stations de métro ..."
- ^ Xinhua: Beijing taxi to become IC card friendly before Olympics (28 July 2008)
- ^ (Chinese) "北京地铁能耗世界最低 公交出行比例高达42%" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine 11 June 2012
- ^ A Brief Guide to Using Transit Apps (or Getting an Yikatong Card) in Beijing (27 June 2022)
- ^ Coded Social Control: China’s Normalization of Biometric Surveillance in the Post-COVID-19 Era (16 November 2023)
- ^ Public Transit Card (13 May 2020)
- ^ Beijing Bus (16 May 2020)
- ^ Beijing Subway — Ticket Guidance (June 2022)
External links
edit
- Beijing Municipal Administration and Communications Card Official site Archived 25 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine