Bijelo Polje (Serbian: Бијело Поље, pronounced [bîjɛlɔː pɔ̂ʎɛ]) is a town located in the Northern Region of Montenegro, situated along Lim River. It has an urban population of 12,900 (2011 census). It is the administrative, economic, cultural and educational centre of northern Montenegro.
Bijelo Polje
Бијело Поље | |
|---|---|
Town and municipality | |
From the top, Bijelo Polje at Night, Church of St. Nicholas, Town Centre | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Bijelo Polje Location of Bijelo Polje in Montenegro | |
| Coordinates: 43°02′N 19°45′E / 43.04°N 19.75°E | |
| Country | Montenegro |
| Region | Northern |
| Municipality | Bijelo Polje |
| Settlements | 98 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor-Assembly |
| • Mayor | Petar Smolović (DPS) |
| Area | |
• Town and municipality | 924 km2 (357 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 578 m (1,896 ft) |
| Population (2011 census) | |
| • Rank | 6th in Montenegro |
| • Urban | 12,900 |
| • Rural | 30,651 |
| • Municipality | 46,051 |
| Demonym(s) | Belopoljese Bjelopoljci |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 84000 |
| Area code | +382 50 |
| ISO 3166-2 code | ME-04 |
| Car plates | BP |
| Climate | Cfb |
| Website | www |
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Bijelo Polje is the center of Bijelo Polje Municipality (population of 38,662). Bijelo Polje means 'white field' in Serbian.
History
edit
Bijelo Polje's Saint Peter and Paul Church is the place where the UNESCO Miroslav's Gospel of Miroslav, brother of Serbian ruler Stefan Nemanja was written.
During World War II, Bijelo Pole was a prominent location for the anti-fascist resistance movement in Yugoslavia, Montenegro in particular.[1]
A significant number of Muslim families in Bijelo Polje originate from historical Muslim brotherhoods from Kuči, including the Abdići, Adžajlići, Adžibegovići, Alići, Aličkovići, Babajići, Bajramspahići, Bakija, Beganovići, Bektaševići, Biso, Bisonjići, Višnjići, Drekovići, Durovići, Zaimovići, Zajmovići, Zajimovići, Zejnilovići, Zećirovići, Kajevići, Kasumovići, Kolići, Kos, Kočani, Kršići, Kujovići, Kukuljac, Kuči, Kučevići, Ličine, Lukači, Medunjani, Mehovići, Mekići, Mekići (Ličine), Memići, Mulalići, Muratovići, Muslići, Numanovići , Omerovići, Omerhodžići, Pepeljak, Premtići, Radončići, Rastoderi, Rizvanovići, Smailovići, Smakići, Spahići, Ćemani, Fetahovići, Fetići, Hadžajlići, Hadžibegovići, Halilovići, Hodžići, Cokovići, Čokrlije, Džogovići, and Šabovići.[2]
Demographics
editBijelo Polje is the administrative centre of the Bijelo Polje municipality, which in 2011 had a population of 46,251. The town of Bijelo Polje itself has 12,900 citizens.
Town
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 3,547 | — |
| 1953 | 4,029 | +13.6% |
| 1961 | 5,856 | +45.3% |
| 1971 | 8,925 | +52.4% |
| 1981 | 11,927 | +33.6% |
| 1991 | 16,464 | +38.0% |
| 2003 | 15,883 | −3.5% |
| 2011 | 12,900 | −18.8% |
Municipality
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 36,795 | — |
| 1953 | 41,432 | +12.6% |
| 1961 | 46,651 | +12.6% |
| 1971 | 52,598 | +12.7% |
| 1981 | 55,634 | +5.8% |
| 1991 | 55,268 | −0.7% |
| 2003 | 50,284 | −9.0% |
| 2011 | 46,051 | −8.4% |
| 2023 | 38,662 | −16.0% |
Ethnicity
editThe ethnic composition of the municipality in the 2023 census was as follows: 43.13% Serbs, 31.85% Bosniaks, 14.88% Montenegrins, 7.54 ethnic Muslims. A total of 2.6% of the population are part of other ethnic groups.[3]
Religion
editReligion in Bijelo Polje (2023)[4]
Bijelo Polje is religiously diverse, with the majority of the population adhering to Islam and Eastern Orthodoxy. The Islamic community primarily consists of Bosniaks and ethnic Muslims, while Orthodox Christianity is predominantly practiced by Serbs and Montenegrins. Religious institutions, such as mosques and Orthodox churches, are an integral part of the town’s cultural and social fabric, reflecting its multi-ethnic and multi-religious character. Despite historical challenges, Bijelo Polje is known for its peaceful coexistence and tolerance between different religious communities.
Culture and sights
editBijelo Polje was the birthplace of the oral poet Avdo Međedović and of many prominent writers such as Ćamil Sijarić, Miodrag Bulatović, Risto Ratković and Dragomir Brajković as well as basketball player Nikola Peković and Swedish footballing brothers Ajsel and Emir Kujović.
Sports
editThe major football team is Jedinstvo, who have spent several seasons in the country's top tier. They share their Gradski stadion with lower league team OFK Borac. The town's basketball teams are Jedinstvo and KK Centar.
Transport
edit
Bijelo Polje is connected to the rest of Montenegro by two major roads. It is situated on the main road connecting Montenegro's coast and Podgorica with northern Montenegro and Serbia (E65, E80).
Bijelo Polje is also a station on Belgrade–Bar railway, the last station in Montenegro for trains leaving for Belgrade, and it serves as a regional train station. Podgorica Airport is 130 km (81 mi) away, and has regular flights to major European destinations.
Climate
editBijelo Polje has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb) with warm summers, cold winters, and abundant precipitation year round.
| Climate data for Bijelo Polje (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1950–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.0 (64.4) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
33.5 (92.3) |
35.5 (95.9) |
39.0 (102.2) |
39.8 (103.6) |
36.5 (97.7) |
32.0 (89.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
20.1 (68.2) |
39.8 (103.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) |
8.4 (47.1) |
13.1 (55.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
26.3 (79.3) |
28.4 (83.1) |
29.1 (84.4) |
24.0 (75.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
11.6 (52.9) |
5.0 (41.0) |
17.4 (63.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.8 (25.2) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
0.3 (32.5) |
4.3 (39.7) |
8.7 (47.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
13.8 (56.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
10.4 (50.7) |
6.4 (43.5) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.6 (−17.7) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
−18.2 (−0.8) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
1.2 (34.2) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−27.6 (−17.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 63.6 (2.50) |
77.3 (3.04) |
69.0 (2.72) |
70.9 (2.79) |
80.8 (3.18) |
73.9 (2.91) |
69.8 (2.75) |
51.3 (2.02) |
87.2 (3.43) |
85.3 (3.36) |
100.0 (3.94) |
88.3 (3.48) |
917.4 (36.12) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 8.2 | 8.7 | 7.9 | 9.2 | 10.3 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 6.4 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 101.0 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 82 | 76 | 71 | 69 | 72 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 78 | 79 | 82 | 85 | 76 |
| Source 1: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration[5] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Hydrological and Meteorological Service of Montenegro (humidity 1961–1990)[6][7] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
edit.jpg)
- Avdo Međedović, guslar
- Miodrag Bulatović, writer
- Ćamil Sijarić, writer
- Ćazim Sijarić, Albanian commander
- Dragomir Brajković, writer
- Risto Ratković, writer
- Nastasja Vojinović, musician
- Milutin Karadžić, actor
- Ajsel Kujović, footballer
- Emir Kujović, footballer
- Duško Ivanović, basketball coach
- Nikola Peković, basketball player
- Predrag Drobnjak, basketball player
- Suad Šehović, basketball player
- Sead Šehović, basketball player
International relations
editTwin towns — sister cities
editBijelo Polje is twinned with:[8][9]
Bila Tserkva, Ukraine[10]
Burhaniye, Turkey
Hrubieszów, Poland[11]
Maardu, Estonia[12]
Strumica, North Macedonia
Svishtov, Bulgaria
References
edit- ^ Morrison, Kenneth (2008). Montenegro: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 0857714872.
- ^ Konjević, Veselin (2018). "Iseljavanje muslimana iz Crne Gore" (PDF). Matica. 74: 391.
- ^ "Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova, 2023. godine" (PDF).
- ^ "Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova, 2023. godine" (PDF).
- ^ "Bijelo Polje Climate Normals for 1991-2020" (CSV). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
- ^ "Climate: Bijelo Polje" (in Montenegrin). Hydrological and Meteorological Service of Montenegro. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
- ^ "Dnevni prosjeci i ekstremi" (in Montenegrin). Hydrological and Meteorological Service of Montenegro. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
- ^ "Gradovi i Opštine pobratimi sa Opštinom Bijelo Polje". bijelopolje.co.me (in Montenegrin). Bijelo Polje. Retrieved 2019-12-28.
- ^ "Bratimljenje" (PDF). database.uom.me (in Montenegrin). Zajednica opština Crne Gore. January 2013. p. 29. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
- ^ "Міста-побратими". bc-rada.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Bila Tserkva. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
- ^ "Bijelo Polje (Czarnogóra)". miasto.hrubieszow.pl (in Polish). Hrubieszów. Retrieved 2020-03-31.
- ^ "Maardu partner cooperations". maardu.kovtp.ee. Maardu linn. Retrieved 2019-12-28.
External links
edit
- Official website
- Visit-Montenegro.com
- Census info, njegos.org; accessed 12 August 2015.