Bis-GMA (bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate) is a resin commonly used in dental composite, dental sealants.[1][2] and dental cement. It is the diester derived from methacrylic acid and the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether. Bearing two polymerizable groups, it is prone to form a crosslinked polymer that is used in dental restorations.[3] For dental work, highly viscous bis-GMA is mixed with aluminosilicate particles, crushed quartz and other related acrylates; changes to component ratios lead to different physical properties in the end product.[4] Bis-GMA was incorporated into composite dental resins in 1962 by Rafael Bowen.[3] Until matrix development work in the early 2000s, bis-GMA and related methacrylate monomers were the only options for organic matrix composition.[5]
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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Propane-2,2-diylbis[4,1-phenyleneoxy(2-hydroxypropane-3,1-diyl)] bis(2-methylprop-2-enoate) | |
| Other names
Bowen monomer; Silux; Delton; NuvaSeal; Retroplast
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.014.880 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C29H36O8 | |
| Molar mass | 512.599 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | colorless oil |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
 
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| Danger | |
| H315, H317, H318, H319 | |
| P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Safety
editConcerns have been raised about the potential for bis-GMA to break down into or be contaminated with the related compound bisphenol A.[6] However, no negative health effects of bis-GMA use in dental resins have been found.[2][7]
Composition
editSalivary esterases can slowly degrade bis-GMA-based sealants, forming Bis-HPPP.[8]
References
edit- ^ CID 15284 from PubChem. Retrieved 27 May 2022.
- ^ a b Ahovuo-Saloranta, Anneli; Forss, Helena; Walsh, Tanya; Nordblad, Anne; Mäkelä, Marjukka; Worthington, Helen V. (31 July 2017). "Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in permanent teeth". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017 (7): CD001830. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001830.pub5. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6483295. PMID 28759120.
- ^ a b Craig RG, Welker D, Rothaut J, Krumbholz KG, Stefan KP, Dermann K, Rehberg HJ, Franz G, Lehmann KM, Borchert M (2006). "Dental Materials". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a08_251.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
- ^ Zimmerli B, Strub M, Jeger F, Stadler O, Lussi A (November 2010). "Composite Materials: Composition, properties and clinical applications" (PDF). Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 120 (11): 972–9. PMID 21243545. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
- ^ Fugolin AP, Pfeifer CS (21 July 2017). "New Resins for Dental Composites". Journal of Dental Research. 96 (10): 1085–91. doi:10.1177/0022034517720658. PMC 5582688. PMID 28732183.
- ^ LaBauve JR, Long KN, Hack GD, Bashirelahi N (2012). "What every dentist should known about bisphenol A". General Dentistry. 60 (5): 424–32. PMID 23032231.
- ^ Soderholm KJ, Mariotti A (February 1999). "Bis-GMA–based resins in dentistry: are they safe?". The Journal of the American Dental Association. 130 (2): 201–209. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1999.0169. PMID 10036843.(subscription required)
- ^ Shokati, Babak; Tam, Laura Eva; Santerre, J. Paul; Finer, Yoav (2010). "Effect of salivary esterase on the integrity and fracture toughness of the dentin-resin interface". Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials. 94 (1): 230–7. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.31645. PMID 20524199.
Further reading
edit- Rochester, Johanna R. (30 August 2013). "Bisphenol A and human health: a review of the literature". Reproductive Toxicology. 42: 132–155. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.08.008. PMID 23994667 – via ScienceDirect.