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Bishop of London

(Redirected from Bishop of the East Saxons)
"Bishop of Essex" redirects here. For the modern bishops of Essex, see Bishop of Chelmsford.
Not to be confused with Coptic Orthodox Archbishop of London; Bishops of the Roman Catholic Diocese of London, Ontario; or Archbishop of Westminster.

The bishop of London is the ordinary of the Church of England's Diocese of London in the Province of Canterbury. By custom the Bishop is also Dean of the Chapel Royal since 1723.

Bishop of London
Bishopric
anglican
Coat of arms of the {{{name}}}
Arms of the Bishop of London: Gules, two swords in saltire points uppermost argent hilts and pommels or[1]
Incumbent:
Sarah Mullally
since 8 March 2018
StyleThe Right Reverend and Right Honourable
Location
Ecclesiastical provinceCanterbury
ResidenceThe Old Deanery, Dean's Court, City of London
Information
First holderThean
Established4th century, but current establishment from 604
DioceseLondon
CathedralSt Paul's Cathedral

The diocese covers 458 km2 (177 sq mi) of 17 boroughs of Greater London north of the River Thames (historically the City of London and the County of Middlesex) and a small part of the County of Surrey (the district of Spelthorne, historically part of Middlesex). The see is in the City of London, where the seat is St Paul's Cathedral, which was founded as a cathedral in 604 and was rebuilt from 1675 following the Great Fire of London (1666).

Third in seniority in the Church of England after the archbishops of Canterbury and York, the bishop is one of five senior bishops who sit as of right as one of the 26 Lords Spiritual in the House of Lords (for the remaining diocesan bishops of lesser rank, seats are attained upon vacancy, determined by chronological seniority).[2] The other four senior bishops are the archbishop of Canterbury, the archbishop of York, the bishop of Durham and the bishop of Winchester.

The bishop's residence is The Old Deanery, Dean's Court, City of London. Previously, until 1973, Fulham Palace in West London was the residence for over 1300 years, and from the 18th century, the bishop also had chambers at London House next to the Bishop's Chapel in Aldersgate Street.[3][citation needed]

The current (133rd) bishop of London is Sarah Mullally. She was confirmed on 8 March 2018 after acting in post immediately after her canonical election on 25 January 2018.[4][5] The diocesan bishop of London has had direct episcopal oversight in the Two Cities area (the City of London and the City of Westminster) since the institution of the London area scheme in 1979.[6]

History

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A certificate of ordination (with seal) given at Westminster by Richard Terrick, Bishop of London, 24 February 1770. The arms on the seal are blazoned: Per pale: 1. Gules, two swords in saltire points uppermost argent hilts and pommels or (for the office of the Bishop of London), and 2. ___ (the personal arms of Richard Terrick?), surmounted by a bishop's mitre above an escallop.

The first mention of Christianity in England comes from Tertullian, possibly writing in the early 200s,[7] but the first mention of an implied church in London relates to a Bishop of London, either Restitus or Aldephius, attending the Council of Arles in 314 AD.[10]

The location of Londinium's original cathedral is uncertain.[11] The present structure of St Peter upon Cornhill was designed by Christopher Wren following the Great Fire in 1666 and stands upon the highest point in the area of old Londinium, but possibly more significantly directly above the location of a pagan shrine room (aedes) within the great Roman London basilica.[12][13]

 
St Peter upon Cornhill church and location above London Roman Forum

There is a medieval tradition which maintains the church was founded by King Lucius in AD 199. If St Peter's was built in the Roman era, it would make the church contemporaneous to the Romano-British church at Silchester, similarly built adjacent to the Roman Basilica and most likely pre-Constantine in age.[14][15]

Some caution may be exercised in this respect however, as other research suggests it very rare for early English Christian churches to be founded in pagan temples,[16] and that when temples were turned into churches, this occurred later, in the late sixth century onwards.[17][18] Historians seem to be more confident that early English Christian churches met in private homes, and that some Roman villas also installed places of Christian worship.[19]

Whether the Lucius story is a fiction, or whether there was actually a church deliberately erected over the shrine room is unclear and could only be settled by archaeological exploration under St Peter's. However, it is interesting that whilst four medieval churches were built around the same time on the foundations of the Roman Basilica and forum, the London city authorities in 1417 determined that St Peter's dated back to Roman times, and indeed was the original seat of English Christianity.[20] This suggests there may have been something extra in St Peter's location and longevity which justifies it predating the others.

In 1995, a large and ornate 4th-century church was discovered on Tower Hill, which seems to have mimicked St Ambrose's cathedral in the imperial capital at Milan on a still-larger scale. This possible cathedral was built between 350 and 400 out of stone taken from other buildings, including its veneer of black marble. It is perfectly possible that the stone came from the London basilica and forum, which was demolished and levelled around the same time. The 4th-century church was burnt down in the early 5th century.[21][22]

According to a 12th-century list, which may be recorded by Jocelyne of Furness, there had been 14 "archbishops" of London, claiming London's Christian community was founded in the 2nd century under the legendary King Lucius and his missionary saints Fagan, Deruvian, Elvanus, and Medwin.[23] None of that is considered credible by modern historians.

Following the establishment of the archdiocese of Canterbury by the Gregorian mission, its leader St Augustine consecrated Mellitus as the first bishop to the Saxon kingdom of Essex in 604. (The first bishop of Rochester was also consecrated the same year.) Bede records that Augustine's patron, King Æthelberht of Kent, built a cathedral for his nephew King Sæberht of Essex as part of this mission. This cathedral was constructed in "London" and dedicated to St Paul.[24] Although it is not clear whether Lundenwic or Lundenburh was intended, it is generally assumed the church was located in the same place occupied by the present St Paul's Cathedral on Ludgate Hill in London. Renaissance rumours[25] that the cathedral had been erected over a Roman temple of the goddess Diana are no longer credited: during his rebuilding of the cathedral following the Great Fire of 1666, Christopher Wren reported discovering no trace of such a structure.[26] Surrey was at times a part of the Kingdom of Essex, and with it the Diocese of London, a situation that changed following a synod at Brentford around 705, reflecting the growing strength of Mercia at the expense of Essex.[27]

Because the bishop's diocese includes the royal palaces and the seat of government at Westminster, they have been regarded as the "King's bishop" and have historically had considerable influence with members of the Royal Family and leading politicians of the day. Since 1748 it has been customary to appoint the Bishop of London to the post of Dean of His Majesty's Chapels Royal,[28] which has the effect of putting under the bishop's jurisdiction, as dean, several chapels (at the Tower of London and St. James's Palace, among others) which are geographically in the Diocese of London but, as royal peculiars, are officially outside the bishop's jurisdiction as bishop.

The Bishop of London originally had responsibility for the church in the British colonies in North America, although after the American Revolution of 1776, all that remained under his jurisdiction were the islands of the British West Indies. The diocese was further reduced in 1846, when the counties of Essex and Hertfordshire were ceded to the Diocese of Rochester.[citation needed]

The Report of the Commissioners appointed by his Majesty to inquire into the Ecclesiastical Revenues of England and Wales (1835), noted the annual net income for the London see was £13,929.[29]

List of bishops

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Romano-British Orthodox Bishops

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The dates and names of these early bishops are very uncertain.

Romano-British Bishops or Archbishops of London – traditional list
From Until Incumbent Notes
186 or unknown 193[30] or unknown Thean Also recorded as Theanus.[30][11][31] Credited with foundation of St Peter upon Cornhill.[30]
unknown Elvanus Also recorded as Eluanus.[11][31] A figure from the 12th-century King Lucius legends first attested in the Book of Llandaff; along with St Medwin, said to have been Lucius's messenger to Pope Eleutherius
unknown Cadar Also recorded as Cadwr and Cadoc.[30]
unknown Obinus
unknown Conan Also recorded as Conanus.[11][31]
unknown Palludius Also recorded as Palladius, "bishop of Britain".[30]
unknown Stephan Also recorded as Stephanus.[30][11][31]
unknown Iltuta Also recorded as Iltutus.[30][11][31] Conflated with 5th-century St Illtud.[30]
unknown Dedwin Also recorded as Theodwin[30] and Theodwinus.[11][31]
unknown Thedred Also recorded as Theodredus.[11][31]
unknown Hilary Also recorded as Hilarius.[30][11][31]
fl. 314 Restitutus Not included in Jocelyn's list, but one of three British bishops recorded attending the 314 Council of Arles. The text is corrupt, but either Restitutus or Adelphius seem to have come from London.[10] None are listed as a metropolitan.
unknown Guidelinus Also recorded as Guitelinus,[30][11][31] mentioned in Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain.[32]
fl. c. 430 Fastidius[30][11][31] Not included in Jocelyn's list; described as "bishop of the Britons" by Gennadius, who credits him with a work on Christian living (De Vita Christiana) and another on pious widowhood (De Virginitate);[33] surviving texts by these names[34] do not match Gennadius's description and seem rather Pelagian,[35] although Gildas apparently quoted them approvingly.[36]
unknown 453[30] or unknown Vodinus[30][31] Also recorded as Wodinus,[11] said to have been martyred by the Saxons[37][38][39]
unknown c. 586[30] or unknown Theanus (II.) Also recorded as Theonus.[30][11][31] Fled into Wales.[40]
According to one source, the last bishop's episcopate ended in 586.[30] But according to another, a century and a half had elapsed between the flight of the last British bishop and the coming of the first Post-Augustinian bishop.[11]
Source(s):[23][11][31]

Post-Augustinian

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Post-Augustinian Bishops of London
From Until Incumbent Notes
604 c. 617 Saint Mellitus Expelled circa 617. Translated to Canterbury in 619.
619 653 See vacant
c. 653 664 Saint Cedd Became bishop possibly circa 653. Died in office, possibly on 26 October 664.
664 666 See vacant
666 c. 672 Wine Also recorded as Wini. Translated from Winchester. Died in office, possibly before 672.
c. 672 675 See vacant
c. 675 693 Saint Earconwald Also recorded as Erconwald, Eorcenwald and Erkenwald. Formerly Abbot of Chertsey Abbey. Became bishop circa 675. Died in office.
693 betw. 705 & 716 Waldhere Also recorded as Wealdheri. Consecrated in 693 and died sometime between 705 and 716.
betw. 705 & 716 745 Ingwald Also recorded as Ingweald.
745 betw. 766 & 772 Ecgwulf Also recorded as Eggwulf.
betw. 766 & 772 betw. 772 & 781 Wigheah Also recorded as Sighaeh.
betw. 772 & 782 betw. 787 & 789 Eadberht Also recorded as Eadbert and Eadbeorht.
betw. 787 & 789 betw. 789 & 793 Eadgar Also recorded as Edgar.
betw. 789 & 793 betw. 793 & 796 Coenwealh Also recorded as Cenwealh.
betw. 793 & 796 betw. 796 & 798 Eadbald Also recorded as Eadbeald.
betw. 796 & 798 801 Heathoberht Also recorded as Heathubeorht.
betw. 801 & 803 betw. 805 & 811 Osmund Also recorded as Oswynus.
betw. 805 & 811 betw. 816 & 824 Æthelnoth Also recorded as Æthilnoth.
betw. 816 & 824 betw. 845 & 860 Ceolberht Also recorded as Coelbeorht.
betw. 845 & 860 betw. 867 & 896 Deorwulf
betw. 867 & 896 betw. 867 & 896 Swithwulf
betw. 867 & 896 897 Heahstan Also recorded as Eadstanus.
betw. 897 & 900 betw. 909 & 926 Wulfsige
betw. 909 & 926 betw. 909 & 926 Æthelweard
betw. 909 & 926 betw. 909 & 926 Leofstan Also recorded as Ealhstan and Elstanus.
betw. 909 & 926 betw. 951 & 953 Theodred
betw. 951 & 953 betw. 957 & 959 Brihthelm Also recorded as Beorhthelm.
betw. 957 & 959 959 Dunstan Translated from Worcester. Translated to Canterbury. After his death he was canonised as Saint Dunstan.
betw. 959 & 964 995 or 996 Ælfstan
996 1002 Wulfstan Translated to the sees of York and Worcester in 1002.
betw. 1002 & 1004 betw. 1015 & 1018 Ælfhun
1014 c. 1035 Ælfwig Consecrated on 16 February 1014 and acceded to the bishopric sometime between 1015 and 1018. Died in office circa 1035.
1035 1044 Ælfweard Died in office on 25 or 27 July 1044.
1044 1051 Robert of Jumièges Previously Abbot of Jumièges Abbey. Appointed bishop in August 1044. Translated to Canterbury in 1051.
early 1051 Sept. 1051 (Spearhafoc) Previously Abbot of Abingdon. Appointed in early 1051, but never consecrated. Expelled in September 1051, fleeing with gold, gems and other valuable items from the diocesan stores.
Source(s):[41][42]

Post-Conquest

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Post-Conquest Bishops of London
From Until Incumbent Notes
1051 1075 William the Norman Consecrated in 1051. Died in office in 1075.
1075 1085 Hugh d'Orevalle Also recorded as Hugh D'Orival, Hugh de Orwell, and Hugh de Aurea Valle. Elected after 29 August 1075. Died in office on 12 January 1085.
1085 1107 Maurice Formerly Archdeacon of Le Mans and Lord Chancellor. Nominated or elected on 25 December 1085 and consecrated in 1086, possibly on 5 April. Died in office on 26 September 1107.
1108 1127 Richard de Beaumis I Elected on 24 May and consecrated on 26 July 1108. Died in office on 16 January 1127. His nephew, Richard de Beaumis II, was Bishop of London 1152–1162.
1127 1134 Gilbert Universalis Also known as Gilbert the Universal. Formerly a canon of Lyons. Elected circa December 1127 and consecrated on 22 January 1128. Died in office on 9 August 1134.
1134 1136 See vacant
1136 1138 (Anselm of St Saba) Nephew of Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury. Benedictine monk, abbot of San Saba and Bury St Edmunds (1121–1148), and papal legate to England. Elected bishop c. 22 March 1136 and enthroned in 1137. However, his election was quashed by Pope Innocent II in 1138.
1138 1141 See vacant
1141 1150 Robert de Sigello Formerly a monk of Reading Abbey. Nominated by Empress Matilda in July 1141 and consecrated before April 1142 (probably in July 1141). Died in office on 28 or 29 September 1150.
1150 1152 See vacant
1152 1162 Richard de Beaumis II Formerly Archdeacon of Middlesex. Consecrated bishop on 28 September 1152. Died in office on 4 May 1162. His uncle, Richard de Beaumis I, was Bishop of London 1108–1127.
1163 1187 Gilbert Foliot Translated from Hereford to London on 6 March, confirmed by Pope Alexander III on 19 March, and enthroned on 28 April 1163. Died in office on 18 February 1187
1187 1189 See vacant
1189 1198 Richard FitzNeal Also known as Richard FitzNigel. Lord High Treasurer (c.1158–1196) and Dean of Lincoln (1183–1189). Nominated bishop on 15 September and consecrated on 31 December 1189. Died in office on 10 September 1198.
1198 1221 William of Sainte-Mère-Eglise Also known as William de St Mariæ Ecclesiâ. Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London. Elected after 7 December 1198 and consecrated on 23 May 1199. Resigned on 25 or 26 January 1221. Died on 24 or 27 March 1224.
1221 1228 Eustace of Fauconberg Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London. Elected on 26 February, received the temporalities on 23 March, and consecrated 25 April 1221. Also Lord High Treasurer (1217–1228). Died in office sometime between 24 and 31 October 1228.
1228 1241 Roger Niger Formerly Archdeacon of Colchester (1218–1229).[43] Elected in 1228, received the temporalities on 27 April 1229, and consecrated on 10 June 1229. Died on office on 29 September 1241. After his death he was revered as a saint, although there is no formal record of his canonisation.
1241 1259 Fulk Basset Formerly Dean of York (1239–1241). Elected circa December 1241, received the temporalities on 16 March 1244, and consecrated on 9 October 1244. Died in office on 21 May 1259.
1259 1262 Henry Wingham Also known as Henry of Wingham. Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London, Dean (Dean of St Martin's le Grand, and Lord Chancellor. Elected before 29 June 1259, received the temporalities on 11 July 1159, and consecrated on 15 February 1260. Died in office on 13 July 1262.
Aug. 1262 Sept. 1262 (Richard Talbot) Formerly Dean of St Paul's, London. Elected on 18 August 1262, but died unconsecrated on 28 September 1262.
1262 1272 Henry of Sandwich Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London. Elected on 13 November 1262, received the temporalities on 15 January 1263, and consecrated on 27 May 1263. Died in office on 15 September 1272.
1273 1280 John Chishull Formerly Lord High Treasurer, Lord Chancellor and Dean of St Paul's, London. Elected on 7 December 1273, received the temporalities on 15 March 1274, and consecrated on 29 April 1274. Died in office on 7 February 1280.
Feb. 1280 Apr. 1280 (Fulke Lovell) Archdeacon of Colchester (c. 1263–1285)[43] and Prebendary of St Paul's, London.[44][45] Elected Bishop of London after 18 February, but was never consecrated. Resigned before 8 April 1280.
1280 1303 Richard Gravesend Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London. Elected before 7 May, received the temporalities on 17 May, and consecrated on 11 August 1280. Died in office on 9 December 1303.
1304 1313 Ralph Baldock Also known as Ralph de Baldoc. Formerly Dean of St Paul's, London (1294–1306). Elected on 24 February 1304, received the temporalities on 1 June 1304, and consecrated on 30 January 1306. Died in office on 24 July 1313.
1313 1316 Gilbert Segrave Formerly Precentor of St Paul's, London (c.1306–1316).[46] Elected on 17 August, received the temporalities on 28 September, and consecrated on 25 November 1313. Died in office on 18 December 1316.
1317 1318 Richard Newport Formerly Dean of St Paul's, London (1316–1317). Elected on 27 January, received the temporalities on 31 March, and consecrated on 15 May 1317. Died in office on 24 August 1318.
1318 1338 Stephen Gravesend Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London.[47] Elected on 1 September 1318, received the temporalities on 6 November 1318, and consecrated on 14 January 1319. Died in office on 8 April 1338.
1338 1339 Richard de Wentworth Also known as Richard Bintworth. Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London and Lord Privy Seal (1337–1338). Elected on 4 May, received the temporalities on 24 May, and consecrated on 12 July 1338. Also Lord Chancellor (1338–1339). Died in office on 8 December 1339.
1340 1354 Ralph Stratford Formerly Treasurer of Salisbury (1336–1340).[48] Elected on 26 January, received the temporalities on 13 February, and consecrated on 12 March 1340. Died in office on 17 April 1354.
1354 1361 Michael Northburgh Formerly a Prebendary of Lichfield (1342–1354). Elected on 22 April 1354, appointed on 7 May 1354, received the temporalities on 23 June 1354, and consecrated on 12 July 1355. Died in office on 9 September 1361.
1361 1375 Simon Sudbury Also called Simon Theobald of Sudbury and Simon of Sudbury. Formerly Chancellor of Salisbury (c.1353–1361). Appointed on 22 October 1361, consecrated on 20 March 1362, and received the temporalities on 15 May 1362. Translated to Canterbury on 4 May 1375.
1375 1381 William Courtenay Translated from Hereford. Appointed on 12 September and received the temporalities on 2 December 1375. Also Lord Chancellor (August–December 1381). Translated to Canterbury on 9 September 1381.
1381 1404 Robert Braybrooke Formerly Dean of Salisbury (1379–1381). Appointed on 9 September and received the temporalities on 27 December 1381. Consecrated on 5 January 1382. Also Lord Chancellor (1382–1383). Died in office on 28 August 1404.
c. Oct. 1404 c. Dec. 1404 (Thomas Langley) Keeper of the Privy Seal (1401–1405) and Dean of York (1401–1406). Elected bishop circa October 1404, but his installation was refused by Pope Innocent VII. Afterwards became Lord Chancellor (1405–07 and 1417–24) and Bishop of Durham (1406–1437).
1404 1406 Roger Walden Previously Archbishop of Canterbury (1398–1399). Appointed on 10 December 1404 and received the temporalities on 28 July 1405. Died in office on 6 January 1406.
1406 1407 Nicholas Bubwith Also known as Nicholas de Bubbewyth. Formerly Master of the Rolls (1402–1405) and Keeper of the Privy Seal (1405–1406). Appointed on 14 May, consecrated on 26 September, and received the temporalities on 27 September 1406. Also Lord Treasurer (1407–1408). Translated to Salisbury on 22 June 1407.
1407 1421 Richard Clifford Translated from Worcester. Appointed on 22 June and received the temporalities on 20 October 1407. Died in office on 20 August 1421.
elected 1421 (Thomas Polton) Bishop of Hereford (1420–1421). Elected Bishop of London in 1421, but was set aside and instead translated to the bishopric of Chichester on 17 November 1421.[49]
1421 1425  John Kemp Translated from Chichester. Appointed on 17 November 1421 and received the temporalities on 20 June 1422. Translated to York on 20 July 1425.
1425 1431 William Grey Formerly Dean of York (1420–1425). Appointed on 20 July 1425, elected on 8 April, received the temporalities on 6 May, and consecrated on 26 May 1426. Translated to Lincoln on 30 April 1431.
1431 1436 Robert FitzHugh Formerly Archdeacon of Northampton (1419–1431) and Chancellor of Cambridge University (1424–1426). Appointed on 20 April, received the temporalities on 4 August, and consecrated on 16 September 1431. Died in office on 15 January 1436.
1436 1448 Robert Gilbert Formerly Dean of York (1426–1436). Elected bishop on 23 February, appointed on 21 May, received the temporalities on 15 September, and consecrated on 28 October 1436. Died in office before 27 July 1448.
1448 1489 Thomas Kempe Formerly Archdeacon of Middlesex and Chancellor of York. Appointed on 21 August 1448, received the temporalities on 6 February 1450, and consecrated on 8 February 1450. Died in office on 28 March 1489.
1489 1496 Richard Hill Formerly Archdeacon of Lewes and Dean of King's Chapel. Appointed on 21 August, received the temporalities on 6 November, and consecrated on 15 November 1489. Died in office on 20 February 1496.
1496 1501  Thomas Savage Translated from Rochester. Appointed on 3 August and received the temporalities on 2 December 1496. Translated to York before 12 August 1501.
1501 1503  William Warham Formerly a Prebendary of St Paul's, London. Appointed on 20 October 1501, consecrated on 25 September 1502, received the temporalities on 1 October 1502. Also Keeper of the Great Seal (1502–1504). Translated to Canterbury on 29 November 1503.
1504 1505 William Barons Formerly Master of the Rolls (1502–1504). Elected bishop before 2 August 1504 and appointed on that date. Received the temporalities on 13 November and consecrated on 26 November 1504. Died in office on 10 October 1505.
1506 1522 Richard FitzJames Translated from Chichester. Nominated on 24 March, appointed on 5 June, and received the temporalities on 1 August 1506. Died in office before 17 January 1522.
1522 1530  Cuthbert Tunstall Formerly Dean of Salisbury (1521–1522) and Master of the Rolls (1516–1522). Nominated in January and appointed on 16 May 1522 (again on 10 September 1522). Received the temporalities on 7 October and consecrated on 19 October 1522. Translated to Durham on 21 February 1530.
Source(s):[42][50][51][52]

During the Reformation

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Bishops of London during the Reformation
From Until Incumbent Notes
1530 1539   John Stokesley Formerly Archdeacon of Dorset (1523–1530). Appointed on 28 March, received the temporalities on 14 July, and consecrated on 27 November 1530. Died in office on 8 September 1539.
1539 1549   Edmund Bonner (1st term) Formerly Archdeacon of Leicester (1535–1539) and Bishop-elect of Hereford (1538–1539). Elected Bishop of London on 20 October 1539 and consecrated on 4 April 1540. Deprived on 1 October 1549.
1550 1553   Nicholas Ridley Translated from Rochester. Nominated on 1 April 1550. Styled Bishop of London and Westminster.[53] Deprived in July 1553 and burned at the stake for heresy on 16 October 1555.
1553 1559   Edmund Bonner (2nd term) Restored on 5 September 1553, but deprived again on 29 May 1559 for refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy. Died in Marshalsea Prison on 6 September 1569.
Source(s):[42][52][54][55]

Post-Reformation

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Post-Reformation Bishops of London
From Until Incumbent Notes
1559 1570   Edmund Grindal Nominated on 22 June and consecrated on 21 December 1559. Also Master of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge (1559–1561). Translated to York on 22 May 1570.
1570 1577   Edwin Sandys Translated from Worcester. Nominated on 1 June and confirmed on 13 July 1570. Translated to York on 8 March 1577.
1577 1594   John Aylmer Formerly Archdeacon of Lincoln (1562–1577). Nominated on 23 February and consecrated on 24 March 1577. Died in office on 5 June 1594.
1594 1596   Richard Fletcher Translated from Worcester. Nominated on 26 December 1594 and confirmed on 10 January 1595. Died in office on 15 June 1596.
1597 1604   Richard Bancroft Formerly a canon of Westminster (1592–1597)[56] and Canterbury (1595–1597).[57] Elected on 21 April and consecrated on 8 May 1597. Translated to Canterbury on 10 December 1604.
1604 1607   Richard Vaughan Translated from Chester. Nominated on 8 December and confirmed on 20 December 1604. Died in office on 30 March 1607.
1607 1609   Thomas Ravis Translated from Gloucester. Nominated before 14 April and confirmed on 18 May 1607. Died in office on 14 December 1609.
1610 1611   George Abbot Translated from Lichfield & Coventry. Nominated on 24 December 1609 and confirmed on 20 January 1610. Translated to Canterbury on 9 April 1611.
1611 1621   John King Formerly Dean of Christ Church, Oxford (1605–1611). Nominated on 30 April and consecrated on 8 September 1611. Died in office on 30 March 1621.
1621 1628   George Montaigne Translated from Lincoln. Nominated on 26 June and confirmed on 20 July 1621. Translated to Durham after 19 February 1628.
1628 1633   William Laud Translated from Bath & Wells. Nominated on 4 July and confirmed on 15 July 1628. Also Chancellor of the University of Oxford (1630–1641). Translated to Canterbury on 19 September 1633.
1633 1646   William Juxon Formerly Bishop-elect of Hereford. Nominated Bishop of London on 23 October and consecrated on 27 October 1633. Also Lord Treasurer (1636–1641). Deprived of the see when the English episcopacy was abolished by Parliament on 9 October 1646. Following the Restoration of the monarchy, Juxon was translated to Canterbury on 20 September 1660.
1646 1660 The see was abolished during the Commonwealth and the Protectorate.[58][59]
1660 1663   Gilbert Sheldon Previously a canon of Gloucester (1633–1658).[60] Nominated on 21 September and consecrated on 28 October 1660. Translated to Canterbury on 31 August 1663.
1663 1675   Humphrey Henchman Translated from Salisbury. Nominated on 16 June and confirmed on 15 September 1663. Also Lord High Almoner (1662–1675). Died in office on 7 October 1675.
1675 1713   Henry Compton Translated from Oxford. Nominated on 6 December 1675 and confirmed on 6 February 1676. Died in office on 7 July 1713.
1713 1723   John Robinson Formerly Dean of the Chapel Royal (1713–1714) .Translated from Bristol. Nominated on 8 August 1713 and confirmed on 13 March 1714. Died in office on 11 April 1723.
1723 1748   Edmund Gibson Translated from Lincoln. Nominated on 10 April and confirmed on 4 May 1723. Since 1721 also Dean of the Chapel Royal. Died in office on 4 September 1748.
1748 1761   Thomas Sherlock Translated from Salisbury. Nominated on 12 October and confirmed on 1 December 1748. Died in office on 18 July 1761.
1761 1762   Thomas Hayter Translated from Norwich. Nominated on 19 September and confirmed on 24 October 1761. Died in office on 9 January 1762.
1762 1764   Richard Osbaldeston Translated from Carlisle. Nominated on 30 January and confirmed on 18 February 1762. Died in office on 13 May 1764.
1764 1777   Richard Terrick Translated from Peterborough. Nominated on 22 May and confirmed on 6 June 1764. Died in office on 29 March 1777.
1777 1787   Robert Lowth Translated from Oxford. Nominated on 12 April 1777 and confirmed on 1 May 1778. Died in office on 3 November 1787.
1787 1809   Beilby Porteus Translated from Chester. Nominated on 14 November and confirmed on 7 December 1787. Died in office on 13 May 1809.
1809 1813   John Randolph Translated from Bangor. Nominated on 25 May and confirmed on 9 August 1809. Died in office on 28 July 1813.
1813 1828   William Howley Nominated on 12 August and confirmed 1 October 1813. Translated to Canterbury on 15 August 1828.
1828 1856   Charles James Blomfield Translated from Chester. Nominated on 15 August and confirmed on 23 August 1828. Resigned due to ill-health on 30 September 1856 and died on 5 August 1857.
1856 1868   Archibald Campbell Tait Formerly Dean of Carlisle (1849–1856). Elected bishop on 28 October and consecrated on 23 November 1856. Translated to Canterbury on 30 December 1868.
1869 1885   John Jackson Translated from Lincoln. Nominated on 11 January and confirmed on 29 January 1869. Died in office on 6 January 1885.
1885 1896   Frederick Temple Translated from Exeter. Nominated on 26 February and confirmed on 24 March 1885. Translated to Canterbury on 22 December 1896.
1897 1901   Mandell Creighton Translated from Peterborough. Nominated on 31 December 1896 and confirmed on 15 January 1897. Died in office on 14 January 1901.
1901 1939   Arthur Winnington-Ingram Translated from Stepney. Nominated on 16 March and confirmed on 17 April 1901. Resigned on 1 September 1939 and died on 26 May 1946.
1939 1945   Geoffrey Fisher Translated from Chester. Nominated on 14 September and confirmed on 17 October 1939. Translated to Canterbury on 2 February 1945.
1945 1955   William Wand Translated from Bath and Wells. Nominated on 10 July and confirmed on 22 August 1945. Resigned in November 1955 and died on 16 August 1977.
1956 1961   Henry Montgomery Campbell

Translated from Guildford. Nominated on 10 January and confirmed on 25 January 1956. Resigned on 31 July 1961 and died on 26 December 1970.

1961 1973   Robert Stopford Translated from Peterborough. Nominated on 4 August and confirmed on 25 September 1961. Resigned on 11 June 1973 and died on 13 August 1976.
1973 1981   Gerald Ellison Translated from Chester. Nominated on 18 June and confirmed on 16 July 1973. Resigned on 30 April 1981 and died on 18 October 1992.
1981 1991   Graham Leonard Translated from Truro. Nominated on 28 May and confirmed on 21 July 1981. After his resignation in 1991, he became a Roman Catholic priest in 1994. Died on 6 January 2010.
1991 1995   David Hope Translated from Wakefield. Nominated and confirmed in 1991. Translated to York in 1995.
1995 2017   Richard Chartres Translated from Stepney. Elected in October and confirmed in November 1995. Retired on 28 February 2017.[61]
2017 2018   Pete Broadbent Acting diocesan bishop during vacancy.[62] Bishop of Willesden.
2018 incumbent   Sarah Mullally Translated from Crediton. Elected 25 January 2018, confirmed 8 March 2018 and installed 12 May 2018. Former Chief Nursing Officer.[5]
Sources:[42][55][63]

Assistant bishops

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Among those who called Assistant Bishop of London, or coadjutor bishop, were:

Honorary assistant bishops – retired bishops taking on occasional duties voluntarily – have included:

References

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  1. ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.702, with addition of "points uppermost" for clarity
  2. ^ See Lords Spiritual, Wikipedia, and further see "Lords Spiritual and Temporal", www.ukparliament
  3. ^ Noorthouck 1773, pp. 543–545.
  4. ^ Diocese of London – Next Bishop of London announced (Accessed 18 December 2017)
  5. ^ a b Diocese of London – Mullally's installation as Bishop of London (Accessed 26 January 2018)
  6. ^ "4: The Dioceses Commission, 1978–2002" (PDF). Church of England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
  7. ^ "...the haunts of the Britons – inaccessible to the Romans, but subjugated to Christ..." (ch. 7)., Tertullian, Adversus Judaeos Chapter 7, accessed 16 Sep 2022
  8. ^ Labbé & Cossart 1671, Volume 1, Item de Galliis.
  9. ^ Thackeray 1843, p. 275.
  10. ^ a b "Nomina Episcoporum, cum Clericis Suis, Quinam, et ex Quibus Provinciis, ad Arelatensem Synodum Convenerint" ["The Names of the Bishops with Their Clerics who Came Together at the Synod of Arles and from which Province They Came"] from the Consilia[8] in Thackeray [9]
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "London". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  12. ^ R.E.M. Wheeler, The Topography of Saxon London, p296, Antiquity , Volume 8, Issue 31, September 1934.
  13. ^ King Lucius of Britain, David Knight, 2008 p98.
  14. ^ King, Anthony (1983). "The Roman Church at Silchester Reconsidered". Oxford Journal of Archaeology. 2 (2): 225–237. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0092.1983.tb00108.x. ISSN 1468-0092.
  15. ^ Petts, David (5 October 2015). Millett, Martin; Revell, Louise; Moore, Alison (eds.). Christianity in Roman Britain. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697731.013.036. ISBN 978-0-19-969773-1.
  16. ^ Tyler W Bell, The Religious Reuse of Roman Structures in Anglo-Saxon England, 2001, p105 and p109 – only 2 churches have been found that are sited on a Roman temple, just 0.7% of the total, accessed 26 Sep 2022
  17. ^ Tyler W Bell, The Religious Reuse of Roman Structures in Anglo-Saxon England, 2001, p108, accessed 26 Sep 2022
  18. ^ The Conversion of Temples in Rome, Feyo L. Schuddeboom, Journal of Late Antiquity, 22 September 2017, p175.
  19. ^ Examining the evidence for churches in Roman Britain; is this a concrete indication of Romano-British churches? Nathan Day, The Post Hole, December 2019, accessed 26 Sep 2022
  20. ^ The King Lucius Tabula, John Clark (2014), p7, accessed 17 January 2022
  21. ^ Denison, Simon (June 1995). "News: In Brief". British Archaeology. Council for British Archaeology. Archived from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2013.
  22. ^ Sankey, D. (1998). "Cathedrals, granaries and urban vitality in late Roman London". In Watson, Bruce (ed.). Roman London: Recent Archaeological Work. JRA Supplementary Series. Vol. 24. Portsmouth, RI: Journal of Roman Archaeology. pp. 78–82.
  23. ^ a b Stowe 1605, p. 37.
  24. ^ Bede (1969), Colgrave, Bertram; Mynors, R. A. B. (eds.), Ecclesiastical History of the English People, Oxford: Clarendon, pp. 142–3
  25. ^ Camden, William (1607), Britannia (in Latin), London: G. Bishop & J. Norton, pp. 306–7
  26. ^ Clark 1996, pp. 1–9.
  27. ^ Kings and Kingdoms of early Anglo-Saxon England, p49, Barbara Yorke, 1990, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-16639-X
  28. ^ "Dean of Her Majesty's Chapels Royal". The Royal Family. 15 May 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  29. ^ The National Cyclopaedia of Useful Knowledge, Vol.III, London, Charles Knight, 1847, p.362
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Parker, John. The Works of Dionysius the Areopagite, Now First Translated into English, From the Original Greek, Appendix: "List of Bishops". James Parker& Co. (London), 1897.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Historical successions: London". Crockford's Clerical Directory. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  32. ^ Geoffrey of Monmouth. History of the Kings of Britain, Vol. VI, Ch. ii–vi.
  33. ^ Gennadius of Marseilles De Viris Illustribus, Ch. lvii. (in Latin) Translated by Ernest Cushing Richardson in A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, 2nd Series, Translated into English with Prolegomena and Explanatory Notes, Vol. III, Lives of Illustrious Men, Ch. LVII: "Fastidius the bishop". T. & T. Clark (Edinburgh). Reprinted by Wm. B. Eerdman's Publishing (Grand Rapids).
  34. ^ Pseudo-Fastidius. "On Virginity" and "On the Christian Life". Translated by B. R. Rees in The Letters of Pelagius and His Followers. 1991. Reprinted as Pelagius: Life and Letters, Vol. II, Pt. I, Ch. 2 & 4, pp. 71–87 & 105–126. The Boydell Press (Woodbridge), 1998. ISBN 978-0-85115-714-6.
  35. ^ Bonwetsch, N. (1907). "Fastidius". Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge. Archived from the original on 25 February 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  36. ^ Herren, Michael W. & al. Christ in Celtic Christianity, pp. 80–81. The Boydell Press (Woodbridge), 2002. ISBN 0-85115-889-7.
  37. ^ According to Boece, Hector (1821). "15". The History and Chronicles of Scotland, Volume II, Book VIII. Translated by Bellenden, John. Edinburgh: W & C Tait. p. 39.
  38. ^ Hector Boethius, Scotorum Historia (1575 version) – A hypertext critical edition by Dana F. Sutton – The University of California, Irvine – Posted February 26, 2010 – Book VIII Section 51
  39. ^ Speed, John (1611). History of Great Britaine Under the Conquests of Romans, Saxons, Danes, and Normans. London: and are to be solde by Iohn Sudbury & Georg Humble, in Popes-head alley at ye signe of ye white horse. p. 290 Book 7, Chapter 4.
  40. ^ According to Geoffrey of Monmouth (1912). "10". In Evans, Sebastian (ed.). Histories of the Kings of Britain. Vol. XI. London: J M Dent & Sons Ltd. p. 203.(in Latin)
  41. ^ Fryde et al. 2003, pp. 219–220.
  42. ^ a b c d Noorthouck 1773, pp. 899–900.
  43. ^ a b Greenway, Diana E. (1968), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, vol. 1, pp. 18–20
  44. ^ Greenway, Diana E. (1968), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, vol. 1, pp. 32–34
  45. ^ Greenway, Diana E. (1968), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, vol. 1, pp. 57–59
  46. ^ Horn, Joyce M. (1963), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541, vol. 5, pp. 16–18
  47. ^ Greenway, Diana E. (1968), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, vol. 1, pp. 38–40
  48. ^ Horn, Joyce M. (1962), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541, vol. 3, pp. 19–21
  49. ^ Tait, James (1896). "Polton, Thomas" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 46. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 70–71.
  50. ^ Fryde et al. 2003, pp. 258–259.
  51. ^ Greenway, Diana E. (1968), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300, vol. 1, pp. 1–4
  52. ^ a b Horn, Joyce M. (1963), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541, vol. 5, pp. 1–4
  53. ^ Horn, Joyce M. (1992), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, vol. 7, pp. 65–67
  54. ^ Fryde et al. 2003, p. 259.
  55. ^ a b Horn, Joyce M. (1969), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, vol. 1, pp. 1–4
  56. ^ Horn, Joyce M. (1992), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, vol. 7, pp. 81–82
  57. ^ Horn, Joyce M. (1974), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, vol. 3, pp. 17–19
  58. ^ Plant, David (2002). "Episcopalians". BCW Project. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
  59. ^ King, Peter (July 1968). "The Episcopate during the Civil Wars, 1642-1649". The English Historical Review. 83 (328). Oxford University Press: 523–537. doi:10.1093/ehr/lxxxiii.cccxxviii.523. JSTOR 564164.
  60. ^ Horn, Joyce M. (1996), Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857, vol. 8, pp. 49–64
  61. ^ Diocese of London – Bishop of London announces retirement in 2017 (Accessed 19 July 2016)
  62. ^ Diocese of London – Capital says goodbye to Bishop of London in farewell service (Accessed 3 February 2017)
  63. ^ Fryde et al. 2003, pp. 259–260.
  64. ^   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Bird, John (d.1558)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
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  66. ^ "in memoriam: Bishop Barry". Church Times. No. 2463. 8 April 1910. p. 476. ISSN 0009-658X. Retrieved 27 May 2019 – via UK Press Online archives.
  67. ^ "Bury, Herbert". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  68. ^ "Reeves, (Richard) Ambrose". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  69. ^ "Davis, Nathaniel William Newnham". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
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  71. ^ "Woollcombe, Kenneth John". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  72. ^ "Howell, Kenneth Walter". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  73. ^ "Knapp-Fisher, Edward George". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  74. ^ "in memoriam: Bishop Perrin". Church Times. No. 3727. 29 June 1934. p. 794. ISSN 0009-658X. Retrieved 24 September 2020 – via UK Press Online archives.
  75. ^ "Rogers, Alan Francis Bright". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Bibliography

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