Bryndza or brynza is a sheep milk cheese made across the countries in Central and Eastern Europe, most notably in Slovakia.[1] Bryndza cheese is creamy white in appearance, known for its characteristic strong smell and taste. The cheese is white, tangy, crumbly and slightly moist. It has characteristic odor and flavor with a notable taste of butyric acid. The overall flavor sensation begins slightly mild, then goes strong and finally fades to a salty finish. Recipes differ slightly across countries.
| Bryndza | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Region | Central and Eastern Europe[1] |
| Source of milk | Sheep, goat, cow |
| Pasteurised | No |
| Texture | Depends on variety |
| Fat content | Depends on variety |
| Certification | Bryndza Podhalańska: PDO[2] Slovenská bryndza: PGI[3] |
 Related media on Commons | |
Bryndza is an essential ingredient in preparing traditional Slovak dishes such as podplamenníky s bryndzou or bryndzové halušky.
Etymology
editBryndza or Brynza, a word borrowed from Romanian brânză ("cheese"), is used in various European countries,[4] due to its introduction by migrating Vlachs. The word brânză (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈbrɨnzə]) is simply the generic word for "cheese" in Romanian.[5]
According to the Romanian Explanatory Dictionary the etymology of ”brânză” is unknown.[6] It is a word presumably inherited by the Romanian language from Dacian,[7][8] the language of the pre-Roman population in modern-day Romania. Other theories suggest, on the basis of what is used to make cheese, a derivation from Latin brandeum (originally meaning a linen covering, later a thin cloth for relic storage). Alternatively, it is possibly related to Albanian brëndës (“intestines”). Originally it referred to cheeses prepared in a sheep's stomach by reacting with the rennet inside.[9] Outside Slovakia, Romania, Ukraine and the flanking regions of southern Poland, it is still popular nowadays in the Czech Republic under the Czech spelling "brynza".
Other regional names for the product include juhtúró in Hungarian, брынза in Russian, brenca in Serbian, Brimsen in German, бринза and бринзя in Ukrainian and ברינזע in Yiddish.[10]
History
editThe word was first recorded as brençe, described as "Vlach cheese", in the Croatian port of Dubrovnik in 1370. Bryndza was first recorded in the Slovak counties of Hungary in 1470 and in the adjacent Polish region of Podhale in 1527.[11] In Slovakia, bryndza is regarded as a typically Slovak product and it is one of the main ingredients in the national dish bryndzové halušky. The modern version of the soft spreadable bryndza is believed to have been developed by entrepreneurs from Stará Turá (Western Slovakia) toward the end of the 18th century.[12] They founded bryndza manufactures in mountainous regions of Central and Northern Slovakia, where local sheep cheese manufacturing had deep roots. They traded bryndza and popularized it all around the Austrian Habsburg monarchy. In Austria, it was called Liptauer, after the northern Slovak Liptov region. The Viennese speciality Liptauer, a savoury cheese-based spread, has replaced bryndza with common cows' milk cottage cheese because the original Slovak bryndza disappeared from Austrian market after the Dissolution of Austria-Hungary.
Geographical indications
edit- Slovak bryndza from Slovakia was registered in the EU's Register of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications on 16 July 2008[3] as a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI). The geographical indication was requested on 4 October 2007.[13] Slovak bryndza must contain at least 50% of sheep milk. Sheep (ovčia) bryndza contains 100% sheep cheese.
- Bryndza Podhalańska from Poland has been registered in the EU's Register of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications on 11 June 2007[2] as a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). The geographical indication was requested on 23 September 2006.[14]
See also
edit- Brânză de burduf from Romania, made from caș
- Austrian Liptauer
- Bulgarian sirene
- Greek feta
- Italian ricotta
- Mexican queso fresco
- List of cheeses
References
edit- ^ a b "Cheese Description: Bryndza". Cheese.com. Retrieved 11 June 2008.
- ^ a b European Commission (11 June 2007). "Commission Regulation (EC) No 642/2007 of 11 June 2007 registering a name in the Register of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications Bryndza Podhalańska (PDO)". Retrieved 10 June 2008.
- ^ a b European Commission (16 July 2008). "Commission Regulation (EC) No 676/2008 of 16 July 2008 registering certain names in the Register of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications". Retrieved 23 July 2008.
- ^ Vasmer, Max; Oleg Trubachyov (1996). "бры́нза". Этимологический словарь русского языка (Etymological dictionary of the Russian language) (in Russian) (3rd ed.). ISBN 5-7684-0023-0. Retrieved 22 July 2008.
- ^ "cheese". Dictionar Englez Roman - English Romanian Dictionary Online. Industrial Soft. Archived from the original on 8 July 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2008.
brânză
- ^ "Dexonline".
- ^ Ion I. Russu, Limba traco-dacilor, Editura Ştiințifică, 1967
- ^ Ariton Vraciu, Limba daco-geților, Timişoara: Editura Facla, 1980
- ^ Vladimir Orel, Albanian Etymological Dictionary, s.v. "brenda" (Leiden: Brill, 1998), 35.
- ^ "Rumania, Rumania!". Yiddish Songs and Lyrics.
- ^ Votruba, Martin. "Bryndza". Archived from the original on 31 December 2008. Retrieved 7 December 2008.
- ^ "Bryndziar Vagač".
- ^ European Commission (4 October 2007). "Publication of an application pursuant to Article 6(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 510/2006 on the protection of geographical indications and designations of origin for agricultural products and foodstuffs (2007/C 232/10)". Retrieved 30 August 2010.
- ^ European Commission (23 September 2006). "Publication of an application pursuant to Article 6(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 510/2006 on the protection of geographical indications and designations of origin for agricultural products and foodstuffs". Retrieved 10 June 2008.
Further reading
edit- Ehlers, S.; Hurt, J. (2008). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Cheeses of the World. Alpha Books. p. 117. ISBN 978-1-59257-714-9. Retrieved 19 May 2016.