Sir Brian Mellor Greenwood (born 1938) is a British physician, biomedical research scientist, academic, and recipient of the first Hideyo Noguchi Africa Prize.
Sir Brian Greenwood | |
|---|---|
| Personal details | |
| Born | Brian Mellor Greenwood 1938 (age 85–86) |
| Occupation | Physician, biomedical research scientist |
Greenwood is the Manson Professor of Clinical Tropical Medicine, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.[1][2][3]
Malaria research and mitigation
editGreenwood's career has focused on mitigating the effects of malaria and research.[1] In his ten years experience working in Nigeria, and his fifteen years as the head of the Medical Research Council Laboratories in the Gambia, his main research interests were malaria and infections caused by capsulated bacteria such as the meningococcus (Neissera meningitidis).[4]
Malaria's stubborn resistance to control and treatment has been demonstrated in his West African clinical experience.[5] Setbacks in a series of promising drug treatments have proven frustrating.[6]
Although successes in research for a reliable vaccine have continued to prove elusive, Dr. Greenwood has also persisted in promoting a simpler preventive approach. He has been in the forefront of those who are encouraging the use of chemically treated mosquito nets to shield sleeping villagers from attack by the malaria-infected insects.[7]
Greenwood was knighted in the 2012 New Year Honours for services to malaria research in Africa.[8]
Honours
edit- 1977 – Chalmers Medal, Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (RSTMH).[9]
- 1987 – Appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the Queen's Birthday Honours.[10]
- 1991 – Donald Mackay Medal, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.[11]
- 1993 – an honorary doctorate from the Faculty of Science and Mathematics at Uppsala University, Sweden[12]
- 1995 – Adesuyi Prize, West African Health Community (1995).[11]
- 2001 – Manson Medal, Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.[13]
- 2008 - Hideyo Noguchi Africa Prize in the Medical Research category
- 2011 – Appointed Knight Bachelor in the Queen's New Year Honours[8]
- 2012 – John Dirks Canada Gairdner Global Health Award
Hideyo Noguchi Africa Prize
editThe Japanese Government established the Hideyo Noguchi Africa Prize in July 2006 as a new international medical research and services award. The announcement of tentative plans for the prize were timed to mark the official visit to by Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi to Africa in May 2006. The announcement also marked the 80th anniversary of Dr. Noguchi's death.[14] The Prize aims to honour individuals with outstanding achievements in combating various infectious diseases in Africa or in establishing innovative medical service systems.[15]
The inaugural presentation ceremony and the initial laureate lectures coincide with the Fourth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), which was held in Yokohama in late April 2008.[16] This year's conference venue was moved from Tokyo to Yokohama as another way of honouring the man after whom the prize was named. In 1899, Dr. Noguchi worked at the Yokohama Port Quarantine Office as an assistant quarantine doctor.[17]
Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda made the actual award presentation; and the Emperor and Empress were present at the 2008 ceremony along with a large number of African heads of state.[18]
Greenwood was honoured in the Medical Research category; and his announced laureate lecture topic was "Malaria elimination – Is it possible?"[19]
The first awards of this international prize—consisting of a citation, a medal and an honorarium of 100 million yen (US$843,668) were only intended to be the first in a continuing series; and subsequently the Prize is expected to be awarded every five years.[20] The prize has been made possible through a combination of government funding and private donations.[21]
References
edit- ^ a b Greenwood, Brian. "Editorial: Treating Malaria in Africa," British Medical Journal – BMJ 2004;328:534–535 (6 March), doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7439.534.
- ^ Greenwood, Brian M. (1992). "Malaria chemoprophylaxis in endemic regions," Malaria: Waiting for the Vaccine, G.A.T. Target, ed. London: John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-471-93100-4
- ^ __________________. "A global action plan for the prevention and control of pneumonia, Bulletin of the World Health Organization. Vol. 86, No. 5, May 2008, 321–416.
- ^ Dawood, Richard M. (2003). Travellers' Health: How to Stay Healthy Abroad, p. 110.
- ^ Greenwood, Brian M. (1992). "Malaria chemoprophylaxis in endemic regions," Malaria: Waiting for the Vaccine, pp. 83-101.
- ^ French, Howard W. "Scientist Says Tests Show New Vaccine May Prevent Malaria," The New York Times. 22 September 1994; French, Howard W. "Hope in Africa; Anti-Malarial Vaccine May Be Breakthrough," New York Times. 15 September 1994.
- ^ "Nets Cut Malaria Deaths, Study Says," The New York Times. 16 July 1991.
- ^ a b "No. 60009". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 2011. p. 2.
- ^ RSTMH, Chalmers Medal. Archived 19 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "No. 50948". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 June 1987. p. 15.
- ^ a b US/National Institutes of Health: Gorgas Lecture (2003) Archived 27 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Honorary doctorates - Uppsala University, Sweden".
- ^ "List of past medal holders". The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Archived from the original on 10 September 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- ^ Japan Science and Technology Agency: " Commemorative Lecture: The First Hideyo Noguchi Africa Prize," Archived 28 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine Science Links Japan web site.
- ^ Rockefeller Foundation: Noguchi Prize, history Archived 23 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Japan, Cabinet Office: Noguchi Prize, chronology
- ^ Hideyo Noguchi Memorial Museum: Noguchi, life events Archived 24 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Mama Miriam receives the Hideyo Noguchi Prize," Archived 28 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine UZIMA Foundation News. 29 May 2008; "Japan awards Kenyan, Briton new Africa health prize" Archived 20 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine (Agence France Press). 28 May 2008.
- ^ Japan, Cabinet Office: Noguchi Prize, fact sheet. Archived 6 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ World Health Organization: Noguchi Prize, WHO/AFRO involved Archived 30 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Noguchi Africa Prize short by 70% of fund target," Yomiuri Shimbun (Tokyo). 30 March 2008.
External links
edit- Audio interview: Dr. Greenwood discusses Noguchi Prize and his research background in Africa
- Japanese Government Internet TV: streaming video, "Hideyo Noguchi Africa Prize," 2007/04/26 (5 mins.)
- Development Gateway Foundation: Noguchi Prize, Greenwood bio[permanent dead link]
- Gates Malaria Partnership: Greenwood, director
- Malaria Advisory Group (MAG): Greenwood, adviser
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science: Purpose and Description of the Noguchi Prize
- University of London, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine: Noguchi prize announcement